Why are Yahoo/AOL blocking my emails and what can I do about it?

Summary

Yahoo and AOL block emails due to a combination of factors affecting sender reputation, recipient engagement, and authentication. These factors include poor list hygiene, unauthenticated emails, spammy content, low engagement, high complaint rates, and being blacklisted. Senders should adhere to best practices which include building lists organically, implementing email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), improving email content, monitoring sender reputation, and ensuring a compliant unsubscribe process. Addressing complaints, avoiding sudden spikes in volume, and using feedback loops also contribute to better deliverability. If you receive the generic 'follow best practices' message, you should scrutinize your permission and engagement practices as filters adapt to threats. Pausing sending and strategic assessment are crucial when deliverability issues arise. The overarching goal is to send wanted, relevant, and authenticated emails to engaged recipients.

Key findings

  • Email Authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC): Authentication is critical for establishing trust with Yahoo and AOL.
  • List Hygiene: Regularly clean your email list to remove inactive or invalid addresses.
  • Content is Key: Review email content and avoid spam trigger words and misleading subject lines.
  • Sender Reputation: Monitoring Sender reputation is essential and tools should be used to check your sender score.
  • Engagement is Vital: Low engagement can trigger blocks by Yahoo/AOL and high engagement is encouraged.
  • Unsubscribe process: Provide clear unsubscribe link and handle requests properly.
  • Complaint Rates: High complaint rates can negatively impact your sender reputation.
  • Sending Volume: Avoid sudden increases in sending volume.
  • Feedback Loops: Set up feedback loops to handle any complaints.
  • Domain Reputation: Like IPs, you must monitor your domain reputation.
  • List Acquisition: Build your list organically, buying email addresses is discouraged.
  • TSS04: TSS04 messages signify the escalation of delivery problems, but Yahoo believe the filters are functioning correctly.
  • Best Practices Feedback: Generic responses from Yahoo such as 'follow best practices' means you need to review your permission protocols.

Key considerations

  • Constant Adaptation: Email filters adapt, and strategies need constant re-evaluation.
  • Organic Focus: Focus on organically building your list, the value of purchased lists are low.
  • IP Warming: Warming your IP is essential when sending any emails.
  • Strategic Pausing: Temporarily reduce email frequency to re-evaluate your campaigns.
  • DMARC Policy: Enforce a strict DMARC policy to avoid being blocked and potential spoofing.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

Yahoo and AOL block emails for various reasons, all revolving around sender reputation and recipient engagement. Key factors include poor list hygiene (sending to inactive or invalid addresses), spammy content, inadequate email authentication, low engagement rates (lack of opens and clicks), high complaint rates, and being blacklisted. To improve deliverability, senders should focus on cleaning their lists, improving email content, implementing email authentication, monitoring their sender reputation, and ensuring a compliant unsubscribe process.

Key opinions

  • List Hygiene: Poor list hygiene significantly impacts deliverability. Regularly clean your email list to remove inactive or invalid email addresses.
  • Email Authentication: Implement SPF, DKIM, and DMARC to verify your identity and improve your sender reputation.
  • Content Matters: Avoid spam trigger words, excessive capitalization, and misleading subject lines. Provide valuable and relevant content.
  • Monitor Reputation: Regularly check your sender score, domain reputation, and blacklist status to identify and address any issues promptly.
  • Engagement is Key: Low engagement rates signal that recipients don't want your emails. Focus on sending to engaged subscribers and segmenting your lists.
  • Unsubscribe Process: Provide a clear and accessible unsubscribe link in every email. Honor unsubscribe requests promptly to avoid complaints.
  • IP Warming: Gradually increase your sending volume to Yahoo/AOL over time to build a positive reputation with the ISPs.
  • Dedicated IP: Using a dedicated IP address can help you build a reputation that is not affected by other senders.
  • Complaint Rates: High complaint rates can negatively impact your reputation and lead to blocks.
  • Email Placement Testing: Email Placement testing tools can check how your emails are being delivered and identify problems.
  • Email rendering: Render emails correctly to avoid negative impact on deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Complaint Rates: Yahoo/AOL's calculations of complaint rates may differ from ESPs, so monitor carefully.
  • Deferred Sending: Avoid continuously retrying to send deferred emails, as it can further degrade your reputation.
  • Domain Reputation: Monitor your domain reputation as well as your IP address reputation.
  • Tools: Use email placement testing tools to check how your emails are being delivered.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum shares that monitor your domain reputation. Just like an IP address, your sending domain has a reputation that affects deliverability. Use tools to track your domain reputation and address any issues promptly to avoid being blocked by Yahoo/AOL.

May 2021 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sender Score responds that maintaining a good sender reputation is essential for deliverability. Check your sender score regularly to identify any issues that may be affecting your reputation with Yahoo/AOL. Address any problems promptly to avoid being blocked. Use tools such as their Sender Score to monitor your email sending reputation.

July 2021 - Sender Score
Marketer view

Email marketer from ReturnPath shares that monitor blacklists. Check if your sending IP or domain is listed on any email blacklists. If you are blacklisted, take steps to get removed promptly to restore your deliverability. Being on a blacklist.

August 2022 - ReturnPath
Marketer view

Email Marketer from Email Geeks explains that ISP's complaint rates can be calculated differently. ESPs often say (# of complaints/ # of mail sent). If any of your mail is being bulked and that increases, it may falsely drop your complaint rate. Also shares that with Yahoo if you are getting deferred and you don’t stop (meaning you just keep retrying the mail), it’s only going to degrade your reputation further.

May 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailToolTester responds that make it easy for recipients to unsubscribe from your emails. Provide a clear and accessible unsubscribe link in every email. Honor unsubscribe requests promptly to avoid complaints and maintain a positive sender reputation. Compliant unsubscribe process.

May 2022 - EmailToolTester
Marketer view

Email marketer from GMass shares that consider using a dedicated IP address for sending emails to Yahoo/AOL. A dedicated IP allows you to build a reputation that is not affected by other senders. This can improve your deliverability and reduce the risk of being blocked.

July 2021 - GMass
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit explains that poor list hygiene is a common cause of deliverability problems. Regularly clean your email list to remove inactive or invalid email addresses. Sending to engaged users improves your sender reputation and reduces the risk of being blocked by Yahoo/AOL. Use a reputable email verification service to ensure your list is clean and up-to-date.

March 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet Blog shares that IP warming is critical. Gradually increase your sending volume to Yahoo/AOL over time. Starting with a low volume and slowly increasing it allows you to build a positive reputation with the ISPs. Monitor your deliverability and adjust your sending volume accordingly.

December 2024 - Mailjet Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus responds that preview your emails across different email clients and devices. Ensure your emails render correctly in Yahoo/AOL to provide a good user experience. Poorly formatted emails can trigger spam filters and negatively impact your deliverability. Render well on all email clients.

December 2021 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackExchange shares that email content can trigger spam filters. Review your email content to ensure it is not spammy or misleading. Avoid using excessive capitalization, exclamation points, and spam trigger words. Use a content checker to identify any potential issues and make necessary adjustments.

February 2024 - StackExchange
Marketer view

Email marketer from GlockApps responds that use email placement testing tools to check how your emails are being delivered to Yahoo/AOL. These tools simulate real email sends and provide reports on inbox placement, spam folder placement, and missing emails. Use this information to identify and fix any deliverability issues.

September 2022 - GlockApps

What the experts say
11Expert opinions

Yahoo and AOL block emails primarily due to issues with sender reputation, recipient engagement, permission practices, and content. Senders receiving the generic 'follow best practices' feedback should scrutinize their recipient interactions and permission protocols. Complaint rates can include complaints about URLs, necessitating content scanning. Filters adapt to threats, demanding continuous improvement of practices. Best practices are subjective, and buying addresses is discouraged. TSS04 errors indicate unresolved prior delivery issues. Pausing sending and reassessing strategies is crucial. Yahoo maintains its filters function correctly and advises reducing volume upon receiving TSS04 responses. Organic list building, strong email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), and relevant content are key to avoiding blocks.

Key opinions

  • Best Practices Feedback: Receiving only 'follow best practices' suggests deeper permission or engagement issues.
  • Complaint Rate Nuances: Complaint rates may encompass complaints related to URLs within the emails.
  • Evolving Filters: Email filters adapt, requiring ongoing refinement of sending strategies.
  • Subjectivity of Best Practices: 'Best practices' are subjective, with address purchasing being a common deviation.
  • TSS04 as Escalation: TSS04 signals unresolved, pre-existing delivery problems.
  • Strategic Pausing: Pausing and reassessing sending practices is crucial when facing deliverability issues.
  • Yahoo's Perspective: Yahoo believes its filters are functioning correctly and advises reducing volume upon TSS04.
  • Organic List Building: Building your list organically through opt-in methods avoids many deliverability issues
  • Relevance: Content must be relevant to avoid blocks.

Key considerations

  • Content Scanning: Scrutinize email content for problematic URLs that may trigger blocks.
  • Adaptability: Recognize the need to constantly adapt to evolving filter technologies.
  • Permission Practices: Review and strengthen permission practices to ensure recipients genuinely want your emails.
  • Authentication: Ensure proper email authentication, using SPF, DKIM and DMARC.
  • Long-term view: Deliverability is an ongoing process and not a one off fix.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that filters do change and adapt to ongoing threats. And, sometimes, they adapt because the folks working the filters figure out a way to identify and block spam that they couldn’t before. Best practices evolve and get better over time. What we thought was OK a few years ago may not be OK now.

August 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that proper email authentication is crucial for establishing trust with Yahoo and AOL. Implement SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records to verify your identity as a legitimate sender. Ensure your authentication records are correctly configured and regularly monitored to prevent deliverability issues. Correct Authentication.

April 2021 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that its important to pause your sending. Give it a rest so that the bad whatever is further back on the trend lines and you can start sending low volumes. Plus: yahoo sees all your content before they return any reject message. They do know if you've changed your content even if they don't accept mail. They know if you're sending to the same group or you've modified your strategy. They don't need to accept your mail to identify your changes.

January 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise responds that address list acquisition methods significantly impact deliverability. Purchasing lists or using third-party data often results in low engagement and high complaint rates, triggering blocks. Focus on building your list organically through opt-in methods, ensuring recipients have explicitly consented to receive your emails. First party data is key.

March 2022 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that complaint rate can also mean “complaints about mail that contain these URLs or link to these sites” - and senders never get those complaints through FBLs. But they see the full text of the message before they return the reject message - so they do content scan as part of their delivery process. And they will block based on URLs in the message. Suggests looking hard at the content.

July 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource shares that content filtering is a key factor. Avoid using common spam trigger words, excessive capitalization, and overly promotional language. Ensure your email content is relevant, valuable, and clearly communicates the purpose of the message. Review and test your content regularly to identify and eliminate any potential spam triggers.

March 2024 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares her experience is that TSS04 is an escalation of blocks, that there were delivery problems beforehand but those were not addressed by the sender at the lower levels.

September 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that from Yahoo’s perspective there isn’t anything wrong with their filtering and the filters are working as intended. They also reiterated what some of us have said here and if you’re getting TSS04 responses then you need to back off sending volume.

May 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that if Yahoo/AOL is only giving feedback to “follow the best practices” that often means that there’s something very problematic about how the recipients are reacting to your messages and they’re seeing patterns that lead them to believe that your permission practices are a problem.

February 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that Yahoo and AOL heavily weigh sender reputation and engagement. Low engagement rates (opens, clicks) signal that recipients don't want your emails, leading to blocks. Focus on sending to highly engaged subscribers, segmenting your lists, and removing inactive users to improve your reputation and deliverability.

March 2024 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that the only thing we can do is adapt as they’re not going to tell us specifics because the spammers get the message, too. Also shares that many folks over the year tell her “we’re following all best practices” and then discover that includes buying addresses, or whatever. Best practices is extremely vague and they appear to mean different things to different people.

August 2023 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

Yahoo and AOL block emails for several reasons that revolve around authentication and sender compliance. Email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is essential for proving legitimacy. Maintaining a low complaint rate and offering easy unsubscription mechanisms are vital. Avoiding sudden volume spikes and ensuring a good IP reputation are also crucial. Implementing DMARC correctly protects domains from spoofing and phishing. Adhering to SMTP standards guarantees compatibility and reduces deliverability risks. Utilizing feedback loops helps monitor and address recipient complaints, improving sender reputation.

Key findings

  • Email Authentication: SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are critical for verifying sender legitimacy.
  • Complaint Rate: Maintaining a low complaint rate is essential for good deliverability.
  • Unsubscribe Process: Providing an easy unsubscribe mechanism helps reduce complaints.
  • Sending Volume: Avoid sudden spikes in sending volume to maintain IP reputation.
  • DMARC Implementation: Correct DMARC implementation protects against spoofing and phishing.
  • SMTP Standards: Adherence to SMTP standards ensures compatibility.
  • Feedback Loops: Feedback loops help monitor and address recipient complaints.

Key considerations

  • Configuration Accuracy: Ensure authentication records (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) are correctly configured and up-to-date.
  • Proactive Monitoring: Monitor feedback loops and address complaints promptly to maintain a good reputation.
  • Compliance: Ensure email infrastructure complies with SMTP standards for compatibility and reliability.
  • Reputation Management: Proactively manage your IP and domain reputation to avoid blacklisting and blocks.
Technical article

Documentation from Yahoo Help Central explains that to ensure your bulk mailings are delivered, adhere to Yahoo's bulk sending guidelines. These include authenticating your email with SPF, DKIM, and DMARC; maintaining a low complaint rate; and providing an easy way for recipients to unsubscribe. Avoid sudden spikes in sending volume and ensure your sending IP has a good reputation.

June 2021 - Yahoo Help Central
Technical article

Documentation from AOL Postmaster responds that AOL emphasizes the importance of email authentication. Implement SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records to verify the authenticity of your email. This helps AOL identify legitimate senders and reduces the likelihood of your emails being blocked. Ensure your authentication records are properly configured and up-to-date.

February 2023 - AOL Postmaster
Technical article

Documentation from RFC-Editor.org explains that adhere to SMTP standards. Ensure your email sending infrastructure and practices comply with the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) standards outlined in RFC documents. This helps ensure compatibility with receiving mail servers and reduces the risk of deliverability problems. Compliance with standards.

July 2023 - RFC-Editor.org
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that setting up feedback loops with Yahoo/AOL allows you to receive reports of complaints from recipients. Monitor these reports closely and remove users who are complaining from your mailing list. Addressing complaints promptly improves your sender reputation and reduces the likelihood of being blocked.

March 2021 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from DMARC.org states that correctly implementing DMARC is vital to protect your domain from spoofing and phishing attacks. Ensure your DMARC policy is set to 'reject' or 'quarantine' to instruct receiving mail servers on how to handle unauthorized emails using your domain. This helps improve your email security and deliverability.

July 2023 - DMARC.org