What impact does malformed HTML have on email deliverability and spam filtering?

Summary

Malformed HTML in emails negatively impacts deliverability and triggers spam filters. The severity depends on sender reputation and mailbox provider; established senders may have more leeway. Common errors include missing alt text, unclosed tags, and incorrect doctype declarations, all contributing to higher spam scores. While content is becoming relatively less important to spam algorithms, user engagement underscores the importance of well-crafted, accessible content. AI spam filters analyze HTML code quality and can penalize emails with misspelled tags and other bad signals. Ensuring clean, valid, and semantically correct HTML, along with following best practices like using inline CSS and avoiding deprecated tags, is crucial for improving inbox placement, rendering consistency, accessibility and overall user experience across various email clients and devices.

Key findings

  • Reputation-Dependent Impact: The effect of malformed HTML on deliverability varies with sender reputation; reputable senders may experience less severe consequences.
  • Common HTML Errors: Missing alt text, unclosed tags, and improper doctype declarations are frequent causes of deliverability issues.
  • Spam Score Contribution: Malformed HTML contributes to higher spam scores, increasing the likelihood of being filtered out.
  • AI-Driven Analysis: AI-powered spam filters scrutinize HTML code quality and penalize emails with code errors, especially when combined with other negative signals.
  • Importance of Content and Engagement: User engagement and content quality are increasingly important factors for achieving good deliverability.
  • Rendering Inconsistencies: Malformed HTML can cause rendering issues across different email clients, leading to a poor user experience.
  • Accessibility Concerns: Invalid or poorly structured HTML can create accessibility problems, particularly for users on iOS devices.

Key considerations

  • Prioritize Clean HTML: Strive for clean, valid, and semantically correct HTML in email design.
  • Validate Code: Regularly validate HTML code to identify and correct errors.
  • Follow Best Practices: Adhere to established email coding best practices, including the use of inline CSS and avoidance of deprecated tags.
  • Focus on Accessibility: Ensure accessibility by including alt text for images and using semantic HTML.
  • Optimize for Rendering: Test emails across different email clients and devices to ensure consistent rendering.
  • Avoid Deprecated Elements: Refrain from using deprecated HTML elements that can trigger spam filters or cause display issues.
  • Balance Content and Code: Create engaging content and ensure it's paired with well-structured code for optimal deliverability.

What email marketers say
14Marketer opinions

Malformed HTML in emails can negatively impact deliverability and trigger spam filters, although the extent of the impact depends on sender reputation and mailbox provider. Common HTML errors, such as missing alt text, unclosed tags, and incorrect doctype declarations, contribute to higher spam scores. While content is becoming less relevant in spam filtering algorithms, user engagement ironically increases the importance of content to deliverability. AI spam filters consider various factors, including HTML code quality, and misspelled tags combined with other bad signals can harm deliverability. Ensuring clean and valid HTML, validating code, using proper declarations, and following email coding best practices improves inbox placement and user experience.

Key opinions

  • Reputation Matters: The impact of malformed HTML is influenced by the sender's reputation; established senders may be more tolerant.
  • Common Errors: Missing alt text, unclosed tags, and incorrect doctype declarations are frequent HTML errors.
  • Spam Score Impact: Malformed HTML contributes to higher spam scores, increasing the likelihood of being filtered.
  • AI Analysis: AI spam filters consider HTML code quality, and misspelled tags combined with bad signals can harm deliverability.
  • Content Shift: User engagement and preferences are increasing the importance of content for deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Validate HTML: Use HTML validators to ensure code compliance and prevent common errors.
  • Accessibility: Pay attention to accessibility by adding alt text to images for users who cannot view them.
  • Best Practices: Follow email coding best practices, including proper doctype declarations and inline CSS.
  • User Experience: Inconsistent rendering due to HTML errors can negatively impact user experience and engagement.
  • Monitor Deliverability: Track deliverability metrics and adjust HTML practices based on performance.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks suggests that content, including HTML, is becoming less relevant to spam filters than it was in the past, as filters now focus more on user preferences and engagement, ironically this means that content is more important to deliverability.

August 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks notes that common HTML errors in emails include missing alt text, unclosed tags, missing title tags, and missing `<!DOCTYPE html>`, and while fixing these takes minutes, the impact is marginal but can make a difference.

October 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that common HTML errors include missing alt text, doctype, title, and unclosed tags, highlighting that missing alt text is particularly important due to accessibility concerns for users who don't automatically download images or who are visually impaired.

March 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Stack Overflow explains that malformed HTML is one of the factors which can contribute to higher email spam scores; and recommends to validate the HTML of your email before sending, ensuring you're using the proper structure.

June 2022 - Stack Overflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid shares that HTML errors in emails can lead to inconsistent rendering across different email clients and devices. These inconsistencies can negatively affect user experience, leading to lower engagement rates and potentially increased spam complaints, harming deliverability.

January 2025 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that in the world of AI spam filters, misspelling a tag in HTML, if it's a common variable among spam, can negatively impact deliverability if other bad signals are also present.

December 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailToolTester explains that your HTML email code can increase the chances of your emails being sent to the spam folder; and should be avoided.

August 2024 - EmailToolTester
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sendinblue responds that properly coding HTML emails ensures email clients can render your message properly; and can improve deliverability by avoiding triggers related to code quality.

October 2023 - Sendinblue
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that the impact of malformed HTML in emails depends on the sender's reputation; major mailbox providers are generally tolerant of it from previously good senders, though email clients like Outlook may react differently.

January 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot explains that broken HTML can significantly impact your email deliverability, which can lead to higher bounce rates and lower engagement.

September 2023 - HubSpot
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel's Blog emphasizes that clean HTML is crucial for email deliverability, as malformed HTML can trigger spam filters. He recommends using a validator to ensure code is compliant and avoids common errors that negatively impact sender reputation.

August 2021 - Neil Patel's Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass explains that using valid HTML ensures the email will render correctly across all email service providers (ESPs), webmail clients and mobile devices, reducing issues which can lead to poor deliverability.

February 2024 - Gmass
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit shares that Gmail's spam filters are sensitive to poorly formatted HTML. They recommend validating HTML, using proper DOCTYPE declarations, and avoiding excessive use of tables to maintain good deliverability to Gmail inboxes.

November 2021 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks explains that spam scanning considers numerous variables with positive and negative values, such as DKIM signatures, malformed HTML, and spam complaints; malformed HTML can contribute negatively and affect deliverability.

January 2022 - Email Geeks

What the experts say
2Expert opinions

Malformed HTML negatively impacts email deliverability by signaling spam filters. Clean, valid HTML code is crucial for improving inbox placement. Proper HTML structure and avoiding deprecated tags are important to prevent inconsistent display and reduce the risk of being flagged as spam.

Key opinions

  • Spam Signal: Malformed HTML can act as a signal for spam filters, leading to deliverability issues.
  • HTML Structure: Proper HTML structure is important to deliverability, with deprecated tags being bad.
  • Display Consistency: Avoiding deprecated tags maintains consistent display across email clients.

Key considerations

  • Clean HTML: Ensure clean and valid HTML code to improve deliverability.
  • Avoid Deprecated: Avoid using deprecated HTML tags in email design.
  • Inbox Placement: Prioritize clean code to improve inbox placement and avoid spam filters.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise (Laura Atkins) details that proper HTML structure and avoiding deprecated tags are important for deliverability, and not using these can lead to inconsistent display and can raise flags for spam filters.

October 2024 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that malformed HTML can negatively impact email deliverability as it can be a signal for spam filters. They advise ensuring clean and valid HTML code to improve inbox placement.

June 2023 - Spam Resource

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Malformed or poorly coded HTML in emails increases the likelihood of being flagged as spam or junk by email clients like Outlook. Valid, semantic HTML ensures proper rendering and improves deliverability by avoiding spam triggers. Best practices, such as using inline CSS and avoiding deprecated tags, are recommended to ensure optimal rendering, accessibility, and deliverability across different platforms, including iOS.

Key findings

  • Spam Flagging: Poorly coded HTML increases the chances of emails being marked as spam or junk.
  • Proper Rendering: Valid, semantic HTML ensures emails are rendered correctly across various email clients.
  • Accessibility: Malformed HTML can cause accessibility issues for users on iOS devices.

Key considerations

  • Valid HTML: Use valid and semantic HTML in email coding.
  • Coding Standards: Follow best practices, including inline CSS and avoiding deprecated tags.
  • Compliance: Ensure HTML complies with web standards to reduce junk folder filtering.
Technical article

Documentation from Apple details that malformed or invalid HTML can create accessibility issues for users on iOS devices; and that to ensure readability of your mail you should use valid HTML.

September 2024 - Apple
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Support explains that malformed HTML in emails can cause Outlook to flag the message as junk. They suggest ensuring that HTML is properly formatted and complies with web standards to reduce the likelihood of emails being filtered into the junk folder.

February 2025 - Microsoft Support
Technical article

Documentation from Litmus explains that poorly coded HTML emails are more likely to be flagged as spam. Using valid, semantic HTML ensures that email clients can properly render the message and improves deliverability by avoiding spam triggers related to code quality.

February 2024 - Litmus
Technical article

Documentation from Mailchimp specifies that emails with broken or non-standard HTML can trigger spam filters. They recommend following best practices for HTML email coding, including using inline CSS and avoiding deprecated HTML tags, to ensure optimal rendering and deliverability.

July 2024 - Mailchimp