How does HTML coding affect email deliverability and are emojis safe to use in email marketing?

Summary

HTML coding and content, while less impactful than IP/domain reputation, significantly influence email deliverability. Key issues include malformed HTML, non-FQDN URLs, hidden text, URL shorteners, and templates resembling spam, all of which can trigger spam filters. Clean, semantic HTML, inline CSS, optimized images with alt text, and accessible design are vital. Emojis are generally safe if used sparingly and tested across clients; avoid overuse and ensure relevance to the target audience. Using a single-column layout, including a preheader, and avoiding JavaScript, Flash, and embedded forms can further enhance deliverability. Regular maintenance to fix broken HTML is also recommended.

Key findings

  • HTML Structure: Clean, valid, and semantic HTML improves deliverability and avoids spam triggers.
  • Content Reputation: Reputation of content, especially URL hostnames and template origin, plays a significant role in inbox placement.
  • Emoji Usage: Emojis are generally safe but require cautious and relevant usage to avoid spam flags and rendering issues.
  • Image Optimization: Optimized images with alt text are essential for deliverability and accessibility.
  • Technical Elements: Avoiding JavaScript, Flash, embedded forms, and URL shorteners improves deliverability.
  • CSS Styling: Inline CSS ensures consistent rendering across email clients.
  • IP/Domain Reputation: IP and domain reputation remain crucial factors for email deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Accessibility: Ensure emails are accessible to users with disabilities to avoid deliverability issues.
  • Regular Testing: Test emails across different clients and devices to ensure correct rendering and identify potential issues.
  • Target Audience: Consider your target audience when using emojis; ensure they are receptive to them.
  • Layout Simplicity: Opt for simpler, single-column layouts for better compatibility across email clients.
  • Proactive Maintenance: Regularly check and fix malformed HTML to improve sender reputation.
  • Content Legitimacy: Ensure HTML content resembles legitimate emails, not spam or phishing attempts.
  • Preheader Text: Utilize preheader text strategically to further engage subscribers.

What email marketers say
13Marketer opinions

HTML coding significantly impacts email deliverability. Factors include using clean, valid HTML, avoiding broken tags or excessive code that can trigger spam filters, and ensuring mobile responsiveness. Templates copied from spam sources can also negatively affect deliverability due to fuzzy checksum filters. Emojis, while potentially increasing open rates, should be used sparingly and tested across different email clients to avoid rendering issues. The reputation of the content, image optimization, and the use of alt text are also crucial for maintaining a positive sender reputation and avoiding spam filters.

Key opinions

  • HTML Coding Quality: Clean, valid HTML is essential to avoid triggering spam filters.
  • Template Origin: Using templates associated with spam can negatively impact deliverability.
  • Emoji Usage: Emojis can increase open rates but require careful usage to prevent spam flags and rendering issues.
  • Image Optimization: Optimized images with alt text are important for deliverability.
  • CSS Styling: Inline CSS is recommended for reliable rendering across email clients.
  • Layout Simplicity: Simpler, single-column layouts improve deliverability.
  • Preheader Importance: Utilizing a well-crafted preheader text optimizes email engagement.

Key considerations

  • Content Relevance: Ensure emojis and HTML elements are relevant to the target audience and email content.
  • Mobile Responsiveness: Design emails that are mobile-responsive and render correctly on various devices.
  • Testing Across Clients: Test emails across different email clients and devices to ensure correct rendering.
  • Spam Trigger Words: Avoid using elements or words that are commonly associated with spam.
  • A/B Testing: Conduct A/B testing with and without emojis to optimize email performance.
  • Code Maintenance: Regularly check and fix malformed HTML to improve sender reputation.
Marketer view

Email marketer from MailerLite suggests using a preheader. If you do not add a preheader, the email client will automatically pull text from the body of your email. Use this space wisely to further engage subscribers with a message that supports your subject line.

July 2024 - MailerLite
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid shares to consider how emojis render across different email clients. Some email clients may not support certain emojis, which can result in them appearing as boxes or other unexpected characters. Test your emails to ensure that emojis display correctly for your subscribers.

July 2021 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot explains that using tables for layout, relying on images without alt text, and neglecting mobile responsiveness are common HTML email design mistakes that can negatively impact deliverability. Focus on clean, responsive designs that work across devices and email clients.

November 2023 - HubSpot
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that unless a large percentage of recipients find emojis spammy and hit the spam button, then the mailbox providers might start acting on those signals. But that goes for not just emojis but all things recipients can see/read.

May 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks responds that there’s bound to be a grouchy sysadmin somewhere who has set up some spam rules on emojis. So yes, “a factor” quite likely, but an infinitesimally small factor probably. He continues to state that he wouldn’t worry about it and if you do, do an A/B test with them.

November 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit explains that using too many images, especially without alt text, can negatively affect deliverability. They share to always use alt text and optimize your images for web to reduce their file size.

September 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow responds that inline CSS is generally recommended for HTML emails to ensure consistent rendering across different email clients. External stylesheets are often stripped out, so inline styles provide the most reliable results.

December 2022 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks says that HTML coding might play a role in email deliverability (though limited). Apart from special characters, broken tags, some antispam can “fingerprint” some piece of code if it has a history of being part of abusive content.

April 2021 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Stripo explains that using a single column layout is better for deliverability. Multi-column layouts are more difficult for email clients to display correctly, which may cause your emails to be marked as spam. Simpler layouts are generally more reliable.

March 2021 - Stripo
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailOctopus shares that emojis in subject lines can increase open rates but warns about overuse. They suggest using them sparingly and ensuring they are relevant to the email content. Consider your target audience and whether they are receptive to emojis.

March 2022 - EmailOctopus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor shares that avoiding messy code will improve deliverability. Keep your code clean by removing unnecessary or redundant code, which can bloat the file size and make it more difficult for email providers to parse. Larger file sizes are more likely to be flagged as spam.

April 2021 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass shares that emojis can help your emails stand out in the inbox but stresses the importance of using them appropriately. Avoid using them in a way that appears spammy or unprofessional. They are more suitable for certain industries and audiences than others.

April 2022 - Gmass
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks explains that if you've copied a template etc. that is also used in spam which has been matched by a fuzzy checksum filter (e.g. Cloudmark), then the answer is technically yes.

February 2025 - Email Geeks

What the experts say
5Expert opinions

HTML coding and content quality impact email deliverability, though IP/Domain reputation is typically more crucial. Specific HTML issues, like malformed code, non-FQDN URLs, URL masking, hidden text, and URL shorteners, can be stumbling blocks. Content reputation, especially URL hostnames, also matters. While emojis are generally safe, large images or numerous images can trigger spam filters. Regular maintenance, clean code, and image optimization are important.

Key opinions

  • IP/Domain Reputation: IP and Domain reputation are primary factors for email deliverability.
  • HTML Coding Issues: Malformed HTML, non-FQDN URLs, URL masking, hidden text, and URL shorteners negatively impact deliverability.
  • Content Reputation: Content reputation, including URL hostnames, influences inbox placement.
  • Image Size: Large or numerous images can trigger spam filters.
  • Emoji Impact: Emojis, generally, do not negatively affect deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Code Quality: Regularly maintain and fix malformed HTML code.
  • Image Optimization: Optimize images for web use to reduce file size.
  • URL Structure: Use Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) URLs and avoid URL masking.
  • Content Legitimacy: Ensure HTML content resembles legitimate emails, not spam or phishing attempts.
  • Proactive Monitoring: Monitor for image-related blocks and adjust image usage accordingly.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks answers that emojis won't be a problem for deliverability.

February 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that content plays a less important role in most delivery decisions and reputation of the IP/Domain are far more important. However, he lists stumbling blocks such as: URLs that are not FQDN, URLs that mask other URLs, hidden text / hash busters, URL shortners, and frequently re-used content that is finger printed by services like Cloudmark.

July 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that reputation of the content is at least as important as the reputation of the mail stream at the point the mail has been accepted for delivery and the decision is inbox vs spam folder. That's (probably) dominated at most places by the hostnames of the URLs in the HTML body. So, try and make your HTML look like HTML from legitimate email, and not like HTML from malware, spam or phishing.

May 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that malformed HTML can damage your reputation because some filters check for HTML errors. Fix broken HTML as part of your general maintenance. In general, it's better to send modern HTML that renders well than to worry about the impact of using it.

August 2021 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise shares that using huge images or a huge number of images can make the email look spammy to some filters. If you're seeing image-related blocks, then try reducing the number of images or total image sizes. Optimize images for the web before uploading.

December 2021 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Email deliverability is affected by HTML coding practices. Valid, clean HTML and semantic code are preferred to avoid triggering spam filters. It's important to keep code light, optimize images with alt text, use inline CSS and web-safe fonts. Accessibility for users with disabilities is crucial. Exercise caution with emojis, as excessive use can lead to spam flags. Avoid JavaScript, Flash, and embedded forms to maintain a clean and trusted email.

Key findings

  • Valid HTML: Using valid and well-formatted HTML is important to prevent triggering spam filters.
  • Code Optimization: Keeping code light and optimizing images with alt text improves deliverability.
  • Accessibility: Ensuring email accessibility is key to avoid deliverability issues.
  • Emoji Caution: While useful, excessive use of emojis can increase the risk of being marked as spam.
  • Restricted Elements: Avoid using JavaScript, Flash, and embedded forms in HTML emails.

Key considerations

  • Semantic Code: Prioritize semantic HTML to ensure clear and structured emails.
  • Inline CSS: Use inline CSS for consistent styling across different email clients.
  • Testing: Always test emails to ensure optimal performance and rendering across devices.
  • Content Balance: Strike a balance in emoji usage to enhance without appearing spammy.
  • Simplified Code: Opt for simple HTML code structures to ensure better compatibility.
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft explains that HTML emails with excessive use of JavaScript, Flash, and embedded forms are more likely to be flagged as spam. Keep your HTML code simple and avoid using elements that are commonly associated with spam.

March 2024 - Microsoft
Technical article

Documentation from Mailjet explains to avoid using too much HTML, use inline CSS, optimize images and use alt text, use web-safe fonts and test, test, test.

August 2023 - Mailjet
Technical article

Documentation from Sendinblue shares that emojis can be useful, but should be used with caution. Excessive use can cause your email to be marked as spam, so test the performance of your email with and without emojis to see which performs better.

September 2022 - Sendinblue
Technical article

Documentation from Litmus explains that using valid HTML is important. Invalid or poorly formatted HTML can trigger spam filters. Clean, semantic HTML is preferred. They share that accessibility is also key, ensure your email is accessible to users with disabilities to avoid deliverability issues. They also suggest keeping your code light, as overly complex code can increase email size, potentially affecting deliverability.

March 2021 - Litmus