What causes 4003 and 4004 Gmail soft bounce errors and how to resolve them?

Summary

4003 and 4004 Gmail soft bounce errors indicate temporary delivery issues on the receiving server, primarily due to networking problems, server overloads, or DNS resolution failures. Recommended solutions include retrying the message after a delay, implementing exponential backoff retry logic, and monitoring bounce rates. It's also crucial to ensure proper DNS records (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) to prevent being flagged as spam, which can trigger temporary bounces.

Key findings

  • Temporary Issues: Errors point to transient, server-side glitches or network issues.
  • Retry is Key: Retrying the send is a consistent recommendation for resolution.
  • Not Spam-Related: Primarily, these errors are not directly caused by spam filtering.
  • Gmail Specific: Errors are particularly relevant to Gmail delivery.

Key considerations

  • Recipient Validity: Checking the validity of recipient addresses is important.
  • Infrastructure Stability: Maintain a stable sending infrastructure.
  • DNS Configuration: Properly configure DNS records (SPF, DKIM, DMARC).
  • Bounce Monitoring: Monitor bounce rates and investigate high soft bounce rates.
  • Exponential Backoff: Consider using exponential backoff retry logic for better handling of temporary server issues.

What email marketers say
7Marketer opinions

4003 and 4004 Gmail soft bounce errors typically indicate temporary issues such as overloaded receiving servers, network routing problems, or DNS resolution failures. Resolution strategies include retrying sends after a delay, implementing exponential backoff retry logic, and monitoring bounce rates. Ensuring proper DNS records (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is also crucial to avoid being flagged as spam and triggering temporary bounces.

Key opinions

  • Temporary Issues: The errors often stem from transient server-side glitches or network hiccups.
  • Retry Mechanism: Implementing a retry mechanism can automatically handle these issues.
  • Server Overload: Errors may result from overloaded recipient servers or routing problems.
  • Gmail Specific: These errors are specifically associated with Gmail.

Key considerations

  • Check Recipient Validity: Ensuring the validity of recipient addresses is important.
  • Monitor Bounce Rates: Closely monitor bounce rates to identify potential issues.
  • Stable Infrastructure: Ensure a stable sending infrastructure to minimize errors.
  • DNS Records: Verify proper DNS records (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) to avoid being flagged as spam.
  • Exponential Backoff: Implement exponential backoff retry logic for better handling of temporary issues.
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow user EmailFixer responds that such errors frequently stem from temporary network hiccups or DNS resolution failures on the recipient server's side. A simple retry mechanism in your sending process can automatically handle these.

January 2024 - Stack Overflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendPulse notes that soft bounces occur due to transient issues, like server downtime or network problems. Retrying the send after a delay can often resolve the issue if the problem is temporary.

March 2023 - SendPulse
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit user u/EmailGuru shares that experiencing 4000 series errors, particularly with Gmail, often points to temporary server-side glitches. The advice is to wait and retry sending the email, as the issue usually resolves itself.

October 2021 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign suggests monitoring bounce rates closely. While not specific to 4003/4004, high soft bounce rates generally warrant investigation into server health or potential network issues. Ensure your sending infrastructure is stable.

January 2023 - ActiveCampaign
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid generally advises investigating high bounce rates, and to ensure your sending domain has proper DNS records (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) to avoid being flagged as spam. They suggest these configurations can sometimes impact how receiving servers handle incoming mail, triggering temporary bounces.

October 2022 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Quora user TechEmailExpert explains that those bounce errors often result from overloaded recipient servers or temporary routing problems. Implementing exponential backoff retry logic can help the sending server automatically retry sending the email during quieter server moments.

August 2024 - Quora
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that soft bounces often indicate temporary issues like a full inbox or server problems. While 4003/4004 isn't explicitly mentioned, general advice includes checking recipient validity and retrying sends.

April 2022 - Mailjet

What the experts say
2Expert opinions

4003 and 4004 Gmail soft bounce errors generally indicate temporary issues preventing message delivery to receiving servers. These issues may include network problems, overloaded servers, or routing problems. The primary resolution recommended is to retry sending the message after a delay, as the underlying problem is typically transient and unrelated to spam filtering.

Key opinions

  • Temporary Nature: The errors indicate temporary delivery issues, not permanent failures.
  • Network Related: Issues often stem from problems reaching the receiving server.
  • Not Spam: These errors are usually unrelated to spam filtering.
  • Retrying is Key: Resending the message is the recommended solution.

Key considerations

  • Delay Before Retry: Ensure a delay before retrying to allow temporary issues to resolve.
  • Monitor Persistence: Monitor if the issue persists despite retries, indicating a more significant problem.
  • Server Health: Consider checking server health if persistent errors occur.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise, Laura Atkins, explains that while specific 4003/4004 errors aren't universally defined, they generally indicate temporary delivery issues. These can range from overloaded receiving servers to network routing problems. Resolution often involves retrying the message after a delay.

April 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that the 4003 and 4004 errors indicate an inability to reach receiving servers, likely a temporary networking problem unrelated to spam filtering, suggesting a resend of the message.

December 2024 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
3Technical articles

4003 and 4004 Gmail soft bounce errors, as classified by Google and within the broader context of SMTP errors (RFC 3463 and Microsoft Exchange), signify transient failures on the receiving server's end. These temporary issues can include server overload, unavailability, DNS problems, or network congestion. The consistent resolution across these sources is to retry message delivery, either manually or automatically, as the issue is expected to be temporary.

Key findings

  • Transient Failures: 400 series errors are generally transient, meaning they're temporary.
  • Server-Side Issues: The problems usually originate on the receiving server.
  • Retry Recommended: Retrying the message delivery is consistently advised.
  • Multiple Error Types: 4003/4004 can stem from various issues, including server overload and DNS problems.

Key considerations

  • Automatic Retries: Consider implementing automatic retry mechanisms in your email system.
  • Wait Before Retry: Allow sufficient time for the temporary issue to resolve before retrying.
  • Monitor for Persistence: If the problem persists despite retries, investigate further for deeper issues.
Technical article

Documentation from RFC 3463 clarifies that 4.X.X SMTP codes signify transient failures. These failures mean the request couldn't be completed but may succeed if retried. Specific codes like 4.3.1 (Mail server failure) could relate to 4003 or 4004, suggesting temporary server issues or routing problems.

February 2022 - RFC Editor
Technical article

Documentation from Google Workspace Admin Help explains that a 400 series SMTP error generally indicates a temporary issue on the receiving server's end. 4003 may indicate a server overload or temporary unavailability, while 4004 points to DNS or network routing problems. Retrying the message delivery later is recommended as a resolution.

February 2023 - Google Workspace Admin Help
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft explains that While not specific to Gmail, Exchange Server uses similar codes. A 4.4.7 error (similar in concept) indicates a delivery delayed status due to network congestion or server unavailability. Resolution involves waiting and automatic retries by the server.

January 2024 - Microsoft Learn