What are the specific rules and guidelines to deliver emails to the Chinese market?

Summary

Delivering emails to the Chinese market is a complex undertaking that necessitates adherence to specific rules, guidelines, and cultural nuances. It involves obtaining necessary licenses (MIIT and potentially ICP), leveraging local resources (ESPs and servers within China), ensuring technical compatibility (DBCS and UTF-8 encoding), and actively managing sender reputation (IP warming, blacklist monitoring, and bounce/complaint management). Content localization is critical, encompassing cultural relevance, legal compliance, translation into simplified Chinese, and mobile optimization. Proactive relationship-building with Chinese ISPs and adjusting authentication practices (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) are also recommended. Furthermore, recognize that e-commerce in China relies more heavily on local chat systems than traditional email.

Key findings

  • Regulatory Compliance: Legal operation requires MIIT licensing for ESPs and potentially an ICP license.
  • Localized Infrastructure: Chinese ESPs and servers improve deliverability due to familiarity with local infrastructure and regulations.
  • Technical Adaptation: DBCS support and UTF-8 encoding ensure proper character rendering.
  • Sender Reputation Management: IP warming, blacklist monitoring, and low bounce/complaint rates are critical.
  • Content Localization: Culturally relevant, legally compliant, and translated content resonates better with recipients.
  • Authentication: Adjusting authentication practices (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) to meet Chinese market standards is a must.
  • Mobile-First Approach: Optimize emails for mobile, the dominant internet access method in China.
  • Alternative Channels: E-commerce relies more on chat systems than email.

Key considerations

  • Legal Requirements: Secure the necessary MIIT and potentially ICP licenses.
  • Local Partnerships: Consider using local ESPs and infrastructure for improved deliverability.
  • Technical Configuration: Ensure your systems support DBCS and utilize UTF-8 encoding.
  • Reputation Monitoring: Implement robust monitoring for blacklists, bounces, and complaints.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Tailor your content to respect Chinese culture and avoid sensitive topics.
  • Authentication Practices: Regularly review and adjust your authentication protocols.
  • Mobile Optimization: Prioritize mobile-friendly email designs and content.
  • Alternative Platforms: Investigate integrating your messaging with local chat platforms.
  • Relationship Building: Establish connections with Chinese ISPs for proactive issue resolution.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

Delivering emails to the Chinese market requires a multifaceted approach that goes beyond standard email marketing practices. Key elements include using local resources like Chinese ESPs and servers (such as Sendcloud), ensuring technical compatibility with DBCS, and actively managing sender reputation through IP warming and blacklist monitoring. Content localization is essential, encompassing cultural relevance, adherence to local customs, and translation into simplified Chinese. Optimal timing involves sending emails during peak Chinese online activity hours. Mobile optimization is also important due to high mobile usage in China. Finally, proactive relationship-building with Chinese ISPs is recommended for addressing deliverability issues.

Key opinions

  • Infrastructure: Leveraging Chinese ESPs and servers can improve deliverability due to their local expertise and infrastructure.
  • Sender Reputation: Building and maintaining a strong sender reputation through IP warming and avoiding blacklists is crucial.
  • Localization: Localizing email content, including cultural relevance, legal compliance, and translation, is essential.
  • Technical Compatibility: Ensuring ESP/MTA supports DBCS for proper character encoding.
  • Mobile Optimization: Optimizing emails for mobile devices is vital due to the prevalence of mobile internet usage in China.

Key considerations

  • Local Resources: Consider partnering with local providers to navigate the complexities of the Chinese market.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Thoroughly research and understand Chinese culture and customs to avoid offending or alienating recipients.
  • Legal Compliance: Strictly adhere to Chinese laws and regulations regarding email content and data privacy.
  • Timing: Schedule email sends to align with peak online activity hours in China.
  • Relationship Building: Establish connections with Chinese ISPs for proactive issue resolution.
  • Segmentation: Segment email lists based on demographics and behaviors to improve relevance.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that building a strong sender reputation and IP warming is crucial when targeting the Chinese market to improve email deliverability.

January 2022 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailGeeksForum explains that sending emails during peak online activity hours in China (e.g., lunchtime and evenings) can increase engagement and open rates.

December 2022 - EmailGeeksForum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit highlights the importance of using local Chinese email service providers (ESPs) for better deliverability rates due to their familiarity with local regulations and infrastructure.

February 2025 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from SmartInsights advises to segmenting your email lists based on demographics, interests, and behavior to deliver more relevant and personalized content to your Chinese subscribers.

February 2024 - SmartInsights
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that Sendgrid had to partner with Sendcloud, as they have servers in China for customers that had large audiences in China, as this was the only way to get emails accepted.

June 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Red Letter Marketing shares that your email content must be culturally relevant and adhere to local customs, and to avoid using sensitive topics, political content, or anything that contradicts Chinese laws and regulations.

June 2021 - Red Letter Marketing
Marketer view

Email marketer from CampaignMonitor shares that optimizing your emails for mobile devices is crucial, as the majority of internet users in China access the web via mobile devices.

March 2022 - CampaignMonitor
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks advises to make sure your ESP/MTA has DBCS capability - double byte character support

December 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from LinkedIn shares that establishing a strong relationship with Chinese ISPs can help improve deliverability by allowing you to address any deliverability issues directly and proactively.

February 2023 - LinkedIn
Marketer view

Email marketer from Quora advises to ensure your sending IP addresses are not blacklisted in China and to monitor your IP reputation regularly to maintain good deliverability.

January 2022 - Quora
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot shares the importance of localizing your email content, including translating subject lines and body text into simplified Chinese.

January 2022 - HubSpot

What the experts say
5Expert opinions

Delivering emails to the Chinese market presents unique challenges due to complex regulations, cultural differences, and distinct technical requirements. It's often necessary to have local language expertise and potentially a local business presence. Traditional email is less prevalent for e-commerce, with local chat systems being more common. Managing bounces and complaints is crucial for maintaining deliverability, and adjusting email authentication practices (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) to meet Chinese market standards is also necessary. Expert assistance, such as contracting with specialized services like Webpower, may be required.

Key opinions

  • Complexity: Chinese email delivery involves complicated rules and regulations.
  • Cultural Differences: Culture and filtering mechanisms differ significantly from Western markets.
  • Alternative Channels: E-commerce relies more on chat systems than email.
  • Monitoring Metrics: Bounces and complaints are key indicators of deliverability issues.
  • Authentication: Proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is essential.

Key considerations

  • Local Expertise: Consider acquiring local language expertise or establishing a local presence.
  • Alternative Channels: Explore alternative communication channels popular in China.
  • Email Hygiene: Implement robust bounce and complaint management processes.
  • Authentication Review: Regularly review and adjust authentication practices to meet evolving Chinese standards.
  • Expert Assistance: Consider contracting with specialized services for Chinese email deliverability.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that deliverability to China requires attention to bounces and complaints, which are indicators of trouble and necessitate list cleaning or suppression.

January 2024 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that China has incredibly complicated rules for email delivery, requiring local language expertise and, in some cases, a local business presence.

March 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that when they worked for a large marketing clown, they contracted with Jacco and Webpower for Chinese deliverability assistance and even mail relay.

July 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that delivering emails to Chinese recipients is very different due to legal requirements, filtering, and culture. Also, ecomm in China doesn’t run on email, rather it’s mostly on local walled garden chat systems.

December 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise mentions that you must review and adjust your authentication practices, including SPF, DKIM, and DMARC, in order to ensure that you are meeting the base levels of requirements for Chinese markets.

July 2021 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
6Technical articles

Email deliverability in the Chinese market is governed by specific technical and regulatory requirements. ESPs must obtain a license from the MIIT to operate legally. While not directly related, an ICP license can indirectly improve deliverability by establishing legitimacy. Implementing email authentication methods like SPF, DKIM, and DMARC is crucial for verifying sender identity and preventing spoofing. Monitoring and managing bounce rates are essential for maintaining sender reputation. Using UTF-8 character encoding ensures proper display of Chinese characters, and a properly configured reverse DNS (rDNS) record validates the association between the sending IP address and domain.

Key findings

  • Licensing: ESPs require a license from the MIIT to operate legally in China.
  • Indirect Legitimacy: An ICP license can indirectly improve deliverability.
  • Authentication: SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are crucial for sender verification.
  • Bounce Management: Monitoring and managing bounce rates is essential for maintaining sender reputation.
  • Character Encoding: UTF-8 encoding is required for proper display of Chinese characters.
  • Reverse DNS: Properly configured rDNS records validate the IP address-domain association.

Key considerations

  • Legal Compliance: Ensure your ESP holds the necessary licenses from the MIIT.
  • ICP License: Consider obtaining an ICP license to establish legitimacy.
  • Authentication Setup: Implement and maintain SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records.
  • Bounce Rate Monitoring: Regularly monitor and address high bounce rates.
  • Encoding Standards: Use UTF-8 character encoding for all email content.
  • rDNS Configuration: Ensure a properly configured rDNS record exists for your sending IP address.
Technical article

Documentation from Alibaba Cloud explains that China's regulations require all email service providers to obtain a license from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) to operate legally within the country.

September 2021 - Alibaba Cloud
Technical article

Documentation from MXToolbox explains that having a properly configured reverse DNS (rDNS) record can improve email deliverability in China by confirming that your sending IP address is associated with your domain.

December 2024 - MXToolbox
Technical article

Documentation from Sinorbis explains that while not directly related to email marketing, having an ICP (Internet Content Provider) license can indirectly affect email deliverability as it establishes your legitimacy in the Chinese digital space.

October 2023 - Sinorbis
Technical article

Documentation from ReturnPath shares the importance of actively monitoring and managing bounce rates, as high bounce rates can negatively impact your sender reputation and email deliverability in China.

July 2021 - ReturnPath
Technical article

Documentation from Tencent explains that using email authentication methods such as SPF, DKIM, and DMARC can help improve email deliverability in China by verifying the sender's identity and preventing spoofing.

May 2024 - Tencent
Technical article

Documentation from RFC explains that use UTF-8 character encoding to ensure proper display of Chinese characters in your emails, as some older systems may not support other encoding formats.

July 2021 - RFC