How does senderscore impact email deliverability and how is it calculated?

Summary

Sender Score, a metric provided by Validity, is a reputation rating (0-100) for outbound email servers used by some ISPs to determine whether to accept, reject, or filter emails. The calculation considers factors like spam complaints, bounce rates, email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), and inclusion on blocklists (e.g., Spamhaus). While some experts suggest Sender Score is less relevant for major providers like Gmail, which relies on its own internal systems, others highlight its impact on deliverability to ISPs like Comcast. Experts agree that Sender Score affects deliverability, but it is one factor among many. Other factors include engagement rates (opens, clicks), IP address and domain reputation, and list hygiene. Maintaining a clean email list, monitoring sender reputation, properly authenticating emails, and focusing on overall campaign performance are crucial considerations. Scores above 80 are generally considered good, while those below 70 indicate significant deliverability issues.

Key findings

  • Calculation: Sender Score is calculated daily by Validity using data from various sources, including spam traps and partner networks, without direct input from the sender.
  • Key Factors: Spam complaints, bounce rates, email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), and blocklist status significantly impact Sender Score.
  • Gmail vs. ISPs: Sender Score is less relevant for Gmail, which uses its own internal reputation system. It may have a greater impact on deliverability to other ISPs like Comcast.
  • Multiple Factors: Deliverability is influenced by numerous factors beyond Sender Score, including engagement rates, IP and domain reputation, and list hygiene.
  • Score Interpretation: Scores above 80 are considered good, while scores below 70 indicate significant deliverability issues requiring attention.
  • Authentication Importance: Properly configuring SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records is critical for email authentication and improving deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Holistic Approach: Adopt a holistic approach to email deliverability, considering all factors impacting sender reputation, not just Sender Score.
  • Engagement Monitoring: Actively monitor engagement metrics (opens, clicks, complaints) and adjust strategies accordingly to improve sender reputation.
  • Proactive List Maintenance: Maintain a clean and engaged email list to reduce bounce rates and improve deliverability.
  • Reputation Management: Implement a comprehensive email reputation management strategy that addresses all aspects of sending practices.
  • Secondary Metric: Treat Sender Score as a secondary metric and focus primarily on overall campaign performance and audience engagement.

What email marketers say
10Marketer opinions

Sender Score is a metric, calculated by Validity, that assesses the reputation of outbound email servers and is intended to help mailbox providers determine whether to accept, reject, or filter emails. It is influenced by factors like spam complaints, bounce rates, email authentication, and blocklist status. While some experts believe Senderscore is less relevant for major providers like Gmail, which uses its own internal reputation systems, others note its impact on deliverability to ISPs like Comcast. Maintaining good sending practices, monitoring sender reputation, and proper email authentication are important factors. Monitoring engagement metrics and focusing on overall campaign performance, not just Senderscore alone, are also key to achieving good email deliverability. Senderscore, while used by some ISPs, should be a secondary metric. Scores above 80 are generally good, while those below 70 require attention.

Key opinions

  • Calculation: Sender Score is calculated by Validity using data from sensory traps and partner networks.
  • Factors: Sender Score is influenced by spam complaints, bounce rates, email authentication, and blacklists.
  • Gmail Relevance: Sender Score is less relevant for Gmail, which uses its internal reputation system.
  • ISPs: Sender Score may impact deliverability to ISPs like Comcast.
  • Score Ranges: Scores above 80 are generally good, while scores below 70 indicate significant deliverability problems.
  • Authentication: Authentication by SPF, DKIM, and DMARC impacts your score.

Key considerations

  • Engagement: Monitor engagement metrics (opens, clicks) as they influence sender reputation.
  • Campaign Performance: Focus on overall campaign performance, not solely on Sender Score.
  • List Hygiene: Maintain a clean email list to reduce bounce rates and improve sender reputation.
  • Monitoring: Regularly monitor sender reputation and address potential issues proactively.
  • Secondary Metric: Use senderscore as a secondary metric, while main focus should be on campaign performance.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that senderscore isn't really consulted by mailbox providers when determining how to filter mail. She suggests focusing more on actual results like opens, bounces, and complaints, and looking for changes in audience, content, or technical setup. Suggests sunsetting unengaged subscribers or freshening content.

September 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Emailonacid.com shares the need to authenticate your email using SPF, DKIM, and DMARC. Properly configured authentication helps prove your legitimacy as a sender and prevent spoofing, which in turn improves your sender reputation and Senderscore.

January 2024 - Emailonacid.com
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus.com discusses the impact of engagement metrics on deliverability. Positive engagement, such as opens and clicks, signals to mailbox providers that your emails are valuable and wanted, leading to better inbox placement. Conversely, low engagement and high delete rates can negatively impact your sender reputation and Senderscore.

April 2024 - Litmus.com
Marketer view

Email marketer from GlockApps.com shares that monitoring your sender reputation, which includes Senderscore, is crucial for maintaining good deliverability. They share that a consistent review of your score and any associated metrics allows you to identify and address potential issues before they significantly impact your campaigns.

June 2022 - GlockApps.com
Marketer view

Email marketer from ReturnPath (archived) explains the different ranges of Senderscore and their implications. Scores above 80 are generally considered good, indicating a solid sender reputation. Scores between 70 and 80 may require attention, while scores below 70 suggest significant deliverability problems that need to be addressed. Note ReturnPath is now Validity.

October 2023 - blog.returnpath.com (archived)
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit.com explains that while Senderscore is a useful metric, it's less relevant for Gmail deliverability. Gmail primarily uses its own internal reputation system based on user engagement and spam complaints.

June 2024 - Reddit.com
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares his understanding that Senderscore (Validity) focuses on ISPs like Comcast, excluding major players like Gmail and Yahoo. He experienced a decline due to a spike in spam reports from Comcast users, but the impact was minimal on overall campaign performance. He suggests obtaining an ISP breakdown of the email list.

December 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks explains that Senderscore is calculated by Validity from data they see (without user input). Validity uses sensory traps and partner networks to determine the amount of emails sent and the percentage filtered to spam or bounced. The accuracy depends on how much mail is sent to networks Validity investigates, so it can be accurate or completely irrelevant. Recommends focusing on campaign performance changes and using Senderscore as a secondary metric.

October 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from NeilPatel.com shares that Senderscore impacts deliverability because ISPs use it to assess the sender's reputation. A low score can lead to emails being filtered into spam folders or blocked altogether. Maintaining a good score helps ensure emails reach the inbox.

October 2021 - NeilPatel.com
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet.com explains that Sender Score is affected by several factors including spam complaints, sending to invalid email addresses (bounce rate), being blacklisted, and email authentication practices. Good sending practices improve your score, whilst poor ones lower it.

June 2023 - Mailjet.com

What the experts say
3Expert opinions

Experts agree that while Sender Score can affect email deliverability, it is not the sole determinant. Mailbox providers consider other factors such as spam complaints, engagement rates, authentication, IP address reputation, domain reputation, and list hygiene. Senderscore is generally one of the first hurdles. Relying solely on Sender Score to ensure deliverability is not sufficient.

Key opinions

  • Multiple Factors: Mailbox providers consider factors beyond Sender Score, including engagement, complaints and authentication.
  • Not the Sole Determinant: Sender Score affects deliverability, but is not the only influencing factor.
  • Reputation is Complex: Email reputation is measured across IP address, domain, authentication, and list hygiene, not just Sender Score.
  • First Hurdle: SenderScore is typically one of the first hurdles to overcome

Key considerations

  • Holistic Approach: Take a holistic approach to email deliverability, considering all reputation factors.
  • Beyond the Score: Focus on improving engagement, authentication, and list hygiene in addition to monitoring Sender Score.
  • Reputation Management: Implement robust email reputation management strategies that encompass various aspects of sending practices.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that email reputation is measured across many things, not just senderscore. IP Address reputation, domain reputation, authentication and list hygiene are all important factors that affect deliverability.

April 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource, John Levine, explains that while Sender Score is one factor, mailbox providers also consider many other elements. They include spam complaints, engagement rates, and authentication. Focusing solely on Sender Score is insufficient for ensuring deliverability.

October 2024 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise, Laura Atkins, explains that senderscore does affect deliverability but it's not the be all and end all. She explains that senderscore is one of the first hurdles you have to pass, but that it is definitely not the only one.

May 2022 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
6Technical articles

Sender Score, a reputation rating from 0 to 100, influences whether mailbox providers accept, reject, or filter emails. While not directly mentioned everywhere, factors like sender reputation, avoiding blocklists (like Spamhaus), maintaining a clean email list, and implementing SPF, DKIM, and DMARC for authentication significantly impact deliverability and, consequently, Senderscore. Proper authentication and avoiding blacklists and spam filters increase the chances of emails reaching the inbox. A clean email list reduces bounce rates, improving sender reputation.

Key findings

  • Sender Score Range: Sender Score ranges from 0 to 100, indicating email server reputation.
  • Blocklist Impact: Being on a blocklist like Spamhaus negatively impacts deliverability and Senderscore.
  • List Hygiene: Maintaining a clean email list is crucial for improving sender reputation and deliverability.
  • Authentication: SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are essential for email authentication and improving deliverability.
  • Spam filter avoidance: Avoiding spam filters depends on reducing complaints and ensuring authentication.

Key considerations

  • Proactive Monitoring: Regularly monitor and maintain sender reputation to prevent deliverability issues.
  • Technical Setup: Properly configure SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records to authenticate emails.
  • Continuous Improvement: Continuously refine email sending practices based on performance metrics and feedback loops.
  • Blacklist Avoidance: Implement measures to prevent being listed on blocklists like Spamhaus.
Technical article

Documentation from RFC-Editor.org details the specifications for SPF (Sender Policy Framework) records. The record publishes the authorized sending hosts to receiving MTAs.

February 2022 - RFC-Editor.org
Technical article

Documentation from Spamhaus.org explains that being listed on a blocklist like Spamhaus can severely impact deliverability. Although this doesn't specifically speak to senderscore, these blacklists are taken into account when calculating senderscore. Email from blacklisted servers is often rejected or filtered, leading to a lower senderscore.

October 2024 - Spamhaus.org
Technical article

Documentation from Postmarkapp.com emphasizes the importance of maintaining a clean email list. Sending to invalid or inactive addresses increases bounce rates, negatively impacting sender reputation and potentially lowering Senderscore. Regularly cleaning your list improves deliverability.

April 2023 - Postmarkapp.com
Technical article

Documentation from Validity.com explains that Sender Score is a reputation rating for outbound email servers. It ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating a better reputation. This score helps mailbox providers determine whether to accept, reject, or filter emails. It is calculated daily.

April 2024 - Validity.com
Technical article

Documentation from DMARC.org explains that DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance) builds upon SPF and DKIM to provide a framework for email authentication policies and reporting. It helps domain owners protect their brand and improve deliverability by specifying how receivers should handle unauthenticated mail.

May 2024 - DMARC.org
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft.com highlights various aspects of avoiding spam filters. Though it doesn't directly mention senderscore, it indirectly impacts your deliverability, explaining the importance of factors like sender reputation (impacted by low complaint rates) to increase the likelihood that the message isn't filtered. The documentation covers authentication, content, clear unsubscribe, bounces and feedback loops to increase deliverability.

December 2022 - Microsoft.com