How do mailbox providers determine if a business is in a spammy industry?

Summary

Mailbox providers assess whether a business is 'spammy' primarily by evaluating sending practices and sender reputation rather than explicitly categorizing industries. While some industries are statistically more associated with spammy activity due to aggressive marketing or attracting scammers, the core focus remains on individual sender behavior. Key factors include sender reputation (influenced by complaint rates, engagement, authentication), content analysis (identifying spam triggers), list hygiene (avoiding spam traps, managing bounces), and adherence to email authentication standards (SPF, DKIM, DMARC). Ultimately, poor sending practices and a negative sender reputation result in spam classification, irrespective of industry. Utilizing tools for monitoring deliverability, engaging in feedback loops, and proactively managing email lists are crucial for maintaining a positive sender reputation.

Key findings

  • Practices Over Industry: Sending practices and sender reputation are the primary determinants of 'spammy' status, not industry affiliation.
  • Sender Reputation Key: Sender reputation, built on engagement, complaints, and authentication compliance, heavily influences filtering.
  • Spam Traps = Poor Hygiene: Hitting spam traps signals poor email list management and increases spam classification risk.
  • Content Matters: Email content is scanned for spam trigger words and suspicious elements.
  • Engagement is Crucial: Low engagement rates indicate unwanted emails and harm deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Prioritize Reputation: Focus on building and maintaining a positive sender reputation through ethical sending practices.
  • List Management: Maintain a clean and engaged email list to minimize spam trap hits and bounces.
  • Implement Authentication: Use SPF, DKIM, and DMARC to authenticate emails and improve deliverability.
  • Monitor Performance: Continuously monitor deliverability metrics and adapt strategies to avoid being flagged as spam.
  • Use Feedback Loops: Monitor and address feedback from complaint feedback loops

What email marketers say
15Marketer opinions

Mailbox providers determine if a business operates in a 'spammy' industry not by explicitly labeling industries, but by analyzing sending practices, sender reputation, content, and engagement. Poor sender reputation, high complaint rates, spam trap hits, blacklisting, low engagement, spam trigger words, and poor list hygiene contribute to being flagged as a spammer, regardless of the industry. Some industries are more likely to be associated with spammy practices due to aggressive marketing or attracting scammers. Using techniques like email verification, dedicated IPs, feedback loops, and authentication standards, senders can improve their deliverability and reputation.

Key opinions

  • Sender Reputation: Mailbox providers heavily rely on sender reputation to determine trustworthiness. This is influenced by complaint rates, engagement metrics, authentication protocols, and blacklisting status.
  • Sending Practices: Industries aren't directly targeted, but poor sending practices associated with certain industries lead to deliverability issues. These practices include aggressive marketing, affiliation with scammy networks, and high sending frequency.
  • Content Analysis: Mailbox providers scan email content for spam trigger words, suspicious links, and unusual formatting, filtering emails that resemble known spam campaigns.
  • Engagement Metrics: Low engagement rates (low open rates, click-through rates, and read times) signal that emails are unwanted and can negatively impact deliverability.
  • List Hygiene: Poorly maintained email lists with invalid addresses, spam traps, and inactive subscribers contribute to poor sender reputation and increased spam filtering.

Key considerations

  • Monitor Sender Reputation: Actively monitor sender reputation using deliverability tools and address any issues promptly to maintain a positive reputation.
  • Improve Sending Practices: Adhere to email marketing best practices, including avoiding spam trigger words, segmenting lists, and sending relevant content to engaged subscribers.
  • Maintain Clean Email Lists: Regularly clean your email list by removing invalid addresses, unsubscribing inactive users, and preventing spam trap hits.
  • Implement Email Authentication: Use SPF, DKIM, and DMARC to authenticate your emails and prevent spoofing, improving trust with mailbox providers.
  • Use Feedback Loops: Implement feedback loops to monitor and address spam complaints, allowing you to identify and resolve deliverability issues quickly.
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot Blog explains that maintaining a clean email list is essential for good deliverability. Removing inactive subscribers, handling bounces promptly, and preventing spam traps are key to improving sender reputation.

January 2023 - HubSpot Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus Blog shares that mailbox providers track engagement metrics like open rates, click-through rates, and read times to gauge user interest in emails. Low engagement can signal that emails are unwanted or irrelevant, leading to lower deliverability.

December 2022 - Litmus Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sendinblue Blog shares that mailbox providers assess IP address reputation by looking at bounce rates, spam trap hits, and blacklisting status. Senders with poor IP reputation are more likely to have their emails filtered as spam.

February 2025 - Sendinblue Blog
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that industries aren't targeted, sending practices are. If you happen to be in an industry that uses very scammy practices and/or promotion by affiliates then you are going to get targeted as a sender.

July 2021 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that if your line of work only really sells flashlights, tinnitus solutions, turmeric and walk-in baths then you may run in to issues with being targeted, for sure!

July 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign Blog shares that feedback loops allow mailbox providers to notify senders when recipients mark their emails as spam. Monitoring and addressing complaints can help senders identify and fix deliverability issues.

January 2024 - ActiveCampaign Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Omnisend Blog shares that using a dedicated IP address gives you more control over your sender reputation. By warming up your IP gradually and following best practices, you can build a positive reputation with mailbox providers.

January 2022 - Omnisend Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet Blog explains that content analysis involves scanning email text for spam trigger words, suspicious links, and unusual formatting. Emails with characteristics similar to known spam campaigns are more likely to be filtered.

February 2025 - Mailjet Blog
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that at scale, a mailbox provider can identify common threads (e.g., the same affiliate network) across lots of senders that illicit user complaints. That's why some senders think that "they hate our industry" when in fact, they just don't like the sender but the sender thinks that they are too smart for their content to be fingerprinted.

December 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from ZeroBounce Blog recommends using email verification services to identify and remove invalid or risky email addresses from your list. This can help reduce bounce rates and improve sender reputation.

May 2023 - ZeroBounce Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor Blog shares that sending frequency can affect deliverability. Sending too many emails can annoy subscribers and lead to increased complaints, while sending too few emails can cause subscribers to forget about your brand.

August 2022 - Campaign Monitor Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit explains that providers utilize various spam filtering techniques. They monitor sender reputation, email content, infrastructure setup and user engagement to classify messages. High bounce rates, spam complaints, or poorly configured authentication can lead to spam classification.

November 2022 - Reddit
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that they don't target industries, but certain keywords and phrases that send messages to spam can be triggered and simply removing them or using a different word or phrase will get inbox (based on delivery tools). Certain delivery tools will even flag certain words as phrases as spam content. The reason those keywords are considered more spam like is because of those in the industry tend to not follow best practices.

January 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel Blog explains that mailbox providers primarily rely on sender reputation to determine if a business's emails are trustworthy. This reputation is built over time based on factors like complaint rates, engagement metrics, and adherence to authentication protocols.

March 2022 - Neil Patel Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum shares that mailbox providers check against various email blacklists (like Spamhaus or Barracuda) to identify senders with a history of sending spam. Being listed on a blacklist can severely impact email deliverability.

March 2022 - Email Marketing Forum

What the experts say
4Expert opinions

Mailbox providers don't directly categorize businesses by industry as 'spammy'. Instead, they evaluate sending practices and sender reputation. Certain industries statistically exhibit more spammy behavior due to aggressive marketing or attracting scammers. A sender's reputation, influenced by sending volume, engagement, complaints, and authentication, is key, and a poor reputation can lead to spam classification. Hitting spam traps, regardless of industry, signals poor list hygiene and increases the likelihood of being marked as spam.

Key opinions

  • Indirect Industry Association: Mailbox providers don't explicitly categorize by industry, but certain industries statistically align with spammy practices due to common marketing tactics.
  • Sender Reputation Matters Most: A sender's reputation, based on volume, engagement, complaints, and authentication compliance, heavily influences spam filtering, overshadowing industry affiliation.
  • Spam Traps Indicate Poor Hygiene: Hitting spam traps signals inadequate email list management, increasing the likelihood of being identified as a spammer.
  • Sending Practices Over Industry: Focus is on evaluating whether the sender's practices are inline with best practice. Best practices dictate if the messages reach their intended destinations.

Key considerations

  • Prioritize Sender Reputation: Focus on building and maintaining a positive sender reputation through ethical sending practices, engagement, and compliance with authentication standards.
  • Maintain List Hygiene: Implement robust list management practices to avoid spam traps and ensure you're only sending to engaged and legitimate recipients.
  • Industry Is Not a Shield: Understand that being in a 'legitimate' industry does not guarantee deliverability; poor practices can still lead to spam classification.
  • Monitor and Adapt: Continually monitor deliverability metrics and adapt your sending strategy based on performance to prevent being flagged as a spammer.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise shares that mailbox providers rely heavily on sender reputation to filter emails. This reputation is influenced by various factors, including sending volume, complaint rates, engagement metrics, and adherence to authentication standards. A sender with a poor reputation is more likely to be classified as spam, regardless of their industry.

July 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Spamresource.com explains that while mailbox providers don't explicitly categorize businesses by industry, certain industries are statistically more associated with spammy practices. This is because these industries often employ aggressive marketing tactics or have a higher risk of attracting spammers and scammers.

March 2022 - Spamresource.com
Expert view

Expert from Spamresource.com shares that hitting spam traps can be a significant indicator of poor list hygiene and spammy practices, regardless of the industry. Mailbox providers use spam traps to identify senders who are not properly managing their email lists, potentially indicating a higher risk of sending unsolicited or unwanted emails.

June 2023 - Spamresource.com
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that filters tend not to make an “industry” determination directly. It is more about whether people in that industry tend to employ best practices. So it’s not so much that the industry is a mechanical indicator, it’s a shorthand to the humans involved that a given client is likely to have problems.

December 2021 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Mailbox providers like Gmail and Outlook.com use sophisticated anti-spam filters that analyze signals such as user reports, email content, and sender information to classify senders and filter messages. These algorithms consider sender reputation and actively monitor email traffic to identify and block spammers. Email authentication methods like SPF, DKIM, and DMARC help senders verify their identity and improve deliverability by preventing spoofing and phishing. Deliverability monitoring tools can be used to track key metrics like inbox placement and IP reputation, providing insights to help identify and address potential deliverability issues.

Key findings

  • Multi-faceted Analysis: Mailbox providers use a variety of signals including user reports, email content, and sender information to identify and filter spam.
  • Sophisticated Algorithms: Algorithms analyze these signals to classify senders and filter messages accordingly.
  • Email Authentication is Key: SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are used to help senders verify their identity and prevent spoofing and phishing, improving deliverability.
  • Monitoring Tools Provide Insights: Deliverability monitoring tools are used to track key metrics and provide insights to address potential deliverability issues.

Key considerations

  • Implement Authentication Protocols: Set up SPF, DKIM, and DMARC to authenticate your emails and prevent spoofing.
  • Monitor Deliverability Metrics: Utilize deliverability monitoring tools to track inbox placement, spam folder rate, and IP reputation.
  • Address User Feedback: Pay attention to user reports and feedback, and adjust your sending practices accordingly.
  • Focus on Content Quality: Create high-quality, relevant content to avoid being flagged as spam.
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Learn explains that Outlook.com employs sophisticated anti-spam filters that consider factors like content, sender reputation, and user feedback. Microsoft actively monitors email traffic to identify and block spammers.

December 2022 - Microsoft Learn
Technical article

Documentation from RFC Editor describes email authentication methods like SPF, DKIM, and DMARC. These protocols allow senders to verify their identity and improve email deliverability by preventing spoofing and phishing.

November 2022 - RFC Editor
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that using deliverability monitoring tools allows senders to track key metrics like inbox placement rate, spam folder rate, and IP reputation. These tools provide insights into deliverability performance and help identify potential issues.

June 2023 - SparkPost Documentation
Technical article

Documentation from Google Support outlines that Gmail uses various signals to identify spam, including user reports, email content, and sender information. Google's algorithms analyze these signals to classify senders and filter messages accordingly.

April 2023 - Google Support