Does Apple Mail 'went to junk' result in an FBL complaint?

Summary

The consensus from marketers, documentation, and experts is that simply moving an email to the junk folder in Apple Mail does *not* directly result in a Feedback Loop (FBL) complaint. FBLs are triggered when users explicitly mark a message as spam by clicking a 'Report Spam' or similar button. While moving an email to junk helps Apple Mail learn and refine its spam filtering, it serves as a negative signal for deliverability and sender reputation, but doesn't initiate the formal FBL process.

Key findings

  • FBL Activation: FBLs are activated by explicit user spam reports (e.g., clicking 'Report Spam'), not automatic junking.
  • Negative Deliverability Signal: Moving to junk is a negative signal that can harm future deliverability, though it's not a formal complaint.
  • Spam Filter Learning: Junk folder actions help Apple Mail learn and refine its spam filtering algorithms.
  • Explicit vs. Implicit: The key is the *explicit* action of reporting spam, as opposed to the *implicit* action of moving an email.

Key considerations

  • Educate Users: Educate users about the importance of reporting spam using the correct mechanisms.
  • Monitor Reputation: Continuously monitor sender reputation and engagement metrics for deliverability health.
  • FBL Implementation: Implement and actively monitor FBLs to promptly address user-reported spam complaints.
  • Deliverability Strategy: Develop a deliverability strategy that accounts for both explicit complaints and implicit signals like junk folder placement.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

Moving an email to the junk folder in Apple Mail does not directly trigger a Feedback Loop (FBL) complaint. FBLs are initiated when a user explicitly marks an email as spam using the 'Report Junk' or 'Report Spam' button, which sends a complaint to the sender and provides data to Apple for improving its spam filters. Moving to junk is a negative signal to mailbox providers and can impact future deliverability but doesn't generate a formal FBL complaint.

Key opinions

  • FBL Trigger: FBLs are triggered by explicit spam reports (e.g., clicking a 'Report Spam' button), not by simply moving an email to the junk folder.
  • Negative Signal: Moving to junk signals to email providers that the message is unwanted, potentially affecting future deliverability.
  • User Action: A specific user action of reporting spam is necessary for generating an FBL complaint.
  • Sender Reputation: Repeatedly having emails moved to the junk folder can negatively impact sender reputation.

Key considerations

  • User Education: Encourage users to use the 'Report Spam' button for accurate feedback and FBL generation.
  • Monitor Engagement: Monitor engagement metrics and junk folder placement rates as indicators of email quality.
  • Deliverability Impact: Understand that while moving to junk doesn't directly cause FBLs, it still impacts deliverability over time.
  • FBL Setup: Set up and monitor FBLs with ISPs to identify and remove users who mark emails as spam.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Return Path explains that moving an email to the junk folder is a negative signal to mailbox providers, indicating that the email is unwanted. While it may not trigger an immediate FBL complaint, it can contribute to future deliverability issues if enough users take this action. FBL complaints are only triggered by users clicking the spam button.

October 2023 - Return Path
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendGrid describes the process of setting up feedback loops (FBLs) with various ISPs. FBLs are triggered when a user marks an email as spam, enabling senders to identify and remove these users from their lists. Simply moving an email to the junk folder does not initiate this process.

January 2023 - SendGrid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus shares that a spam complaint is generated when a subscriber explicitly marks an email as spam or junk. This action triggers a feedback loop (FBL) notification to the sender, so they can remove the subscriber from their mailing list. Simply moving an email to the junk folder is not reported, but the end user marking it as spam/junk will be.

July 2022 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackExchange clarifies that a simple move to the junk folder in Apple Mail isn't typically the same as a formal spam complaint through a feedback loop. FBLs arise from explicit spam reports.

November 2024 - StackExchange
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that FBL is specifically about complaints, not about getting in the junk folder, which makes it even more important to take FBLs seriously.

July 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit clarifies that there is a specific 'Report Junk' or 'Report Spam' button, and using that will send data to Apple to learn the spam filters, and it will also send a complaint to the original sender - However, simply moving the email is not enough.

April 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign explains that when a recipient marks your email as spam, the action is reported back to your email service provider through feedback loops (FBLs). This action is different from a user moving an email to the junk folder, which is a negative signal, but not an FBL complaint.

May 2024 - ActiveCampaign
Marketer view

Email marketer from Quora explains that moving an email to junk in Apple Mail does not directly generate an FBL (Feedback Loop) complaint. FBLs are typically generated when a user marks an email as spam using the spam button within their email client.

January 2022 - Quora
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor states that while moving an email to the junk folder isn't a spam complaint, it does contribute to the overall sender reputation. It's important to get the end-user to click the spam button to properly generate a complaint.

May 2024 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Provider Forum mentions that while moving to junk doesn't directly create an FBL complaint, it does signal to the email provider that the message is unwanted, which can impact future deliverability.

November 2022 - Email Provider Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailchimp shares that feedback loops are direct lines of communication from mailbox providers to senders. When a subscriber marks an email as spam, the mailbox provider forwards a copy of the complaint to the sender. This system is typically initiated by a user marking an email as spam, not by simply moving it to the junk folder.

April 2022 - Mailchimp

What the experts say
2Expert opinions

Experts at Word to the Wise and Spam Resource emphasize that merely marking an email as 'junk' in Apple Mail differs significantly from issuing a spam complaint through a feedback loop (FBL). While Apple Mail utilizes its own algorithms to filter messages into spam folders, the explicit act of a user pressing the 'spam' button is what truly matters to mailbox providers and triggers the formal complaint process.

Key opinions

  • Distinction: Marking an email as 'junk' is a different action than reporting it as spam via the 'spam' button.
  • Algorithm: Apple Mail uses its own algorithms to automatically sort emails into spam folders.
  • User Action: Pressing the 'spam' button is a deliberate user action that mailbox providers track more closely.
  • Feedback Loop: Feedback loops rely on explicit spam reports from users, not automated junk folder placement.

Key considerations

  • Training Algorithms: Users should be aware that manually marking emails as spam helps train Apple Mail's algorithms.
  • Informed Reporting: Users should understand the difference between moving to junk and reporting as spam, and use the latter when appropriate.
  • Deliverability Effects: Senders should be aware that while moving to junk doesn't directly trigger an FBL, it can still negatively impact deliverability.
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that mail programs like Apple Mail have their own algorithms and they may move messages to a spam folder. The action of a user pressing the spam button is important for mailbox providers and is tracked more closely - not simply moving email into a junk folder.

October 2024 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that a complaint feedback loop relies on end-users marking a message as spam. So simply marking email as 'junk' in Apple Mail, is not the same as providing a spam complaint.

July 2022 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

Official documentation from RFC Editor, Apple Support, SparkPost, Google Postmaster Tools, and M3AAWG consistently indicates that moving an email to the junk folder in Apple Mail does *not* automatically trigger a Feedback Loop (FBL) complaint. FBL reports are generated by users explicitly marking messages as spam, typically by clicking a 'Report Spam' button. While moving to junk helps train Apple Mail's spam filter, it doesn't initiate the formal feedback loop process used to notify senders of spam complaints.

Key findings

  • Explicit Reporting: FBLs require explicit reporting of spam by users, such as clicking a 'Report Spam' button.
  • Junk Folder Training: Moving emails to the junk folder primarily helps train Apple Mail's spam filter.
  • Separate Signals: Marking an email as spam generates a different signal and report than moving it to the junk folder.
  • Spam Rate Thresholds: Spam rate thresholds are based on user-reported spam, not junk folder placement.

Key considerations

  • User Action Clarity: Understand that users need to actively report spam to trigger FBLs.
  • Filter Training vs. Reporting: Distinguish between training the spam filter and generating a formal complaint.
  • Monitor Spam Rates: Monitor spam rates based on user-reported spam to maintain good deliverability.
  • Feedback Loop Implementation: Focus on implementing and monitoring feedback loops to address actual spam complaints.
Technical article

Documentation from Google Postmaster Tools details spam rate thresholds that senders should monitor to avoid deliverability issues. These rates are based on user-reported spam, and this is from when users click the spam button, not when they drag an email to junk.

February 2023 - Google
Technical article

Documentation from M3AAWG specifies the importance of user complaints in email deliverability and how feedback loops function. A user marking email as spam generates a different signal and report compared to moving the email to junk.

June 2024 - M3AAWG
Technical article

Documentation from Apple Support explains that Apple Mail's junk filter learns from user actions like moving emails to the junk folder, but this action primarily trains the filter and doesn't automatically trigger an FBL complaint. The user would need to explicitly mark it as spam.

May 2021 - Apple Support
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that a feedback loop (FBL) is a mechanism by which an ISP (Internet Service Provider) forwards complaints from its users back to the original sender. This usually happens when a user clicks a 'This is Spam' button, and doesn't happen simply by moving an email to a junk folder.

June 2021 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from RFC Editor indicates that the Abuse Reporting Format (ARF) and Feedback Loop reports are generally triggered by users explicitly reporting messages as spam, and not simply moving messages to a junk folder.

February 2023 - RFC Editor