What does SMTP error 550 5.5.5 mean and how do I fix it?

Summary

The SMTP error 550 5.5.5 indicates a permanent email delivery failure primarily due to policy rejections, spam filtering, or sender reputation issues on the recipient's mail server. While senders can verify recipient addresses, ensure proper authentication (SPF, DKIM), check their sender reputation, maintain clean email lists, and review sending practices, the resolution typically requires action from the recipient's side, such as configuring their server to accept mail, properly implement whitelisting, or adjust spam filtering rules.

Key findings

  • Permanent Failure: Error 550 5.5.5 signifies a hard bounce and a permanent failure in email delivery.
  • Policy Rejection: The error often stems from policy restrictions, spam filters, or content filters implemented on the recipient's server.
  • Recipient-Side Issue: The problem primarily lies with the recipient's server configuration or the recipient's email address itself.
  • Sender Reputation Matters: A poor sender reputation or blacklisted IP address can trigger this error.
  • Whitelisting Inconsistencies: Even when whitelisting is claimed, it might not be correctly implemented or effective.

Key considerations

  • Verify Recipient Address: Double-check the recipient's email address for any typos or inaccuracies.
  • Check Sender Reputation: Use online tools and services to assess your sender reputation and identify potential blacklisting issues.
  • Implement Authentication: Ensure that SPF and DKIM records are properly configured for your sending domain to improve deliverability.
  • Contact Recipient: Reach out to the recipient through alternative channels (phone, other email) to request whitelisting and confirm their email settings.
  • Maintain List Hygiene: Regularly clean your email list to remove invalid, inactive, or problematic addresses.
  • Review Sending Practices: Analyze sending practices to adhere to best practices and avoid being flagged as spam.
  • Address Envelope From: If the rejection happens before DATA command, ensure the Envelope From address is correctly whitelisted.
  • Analyze Server Logs: Examine server logs on both sending and receiving ends to gain deeper insights into the root cause.
  • Inform Recipient IT: If the issue persists, encourage the recipient to contact their IT support for further investigation and resolution.

What email marketers say
9Marketer opinions

SMTP error 550 5.5.5 indicates a permanent rejection of an email due to policy restrictions, spam filtering, or sender reputation issues on the recipient's server. Common solutions involve verifying the recipient's email address, checking sender reputation and authentication (SPF, DKIM), ensuring the IP isn't blacklisted, contacting the recipient to request whitelisting, and maintaining good email list hygiene.

Key opinions

  • Permanent Rejection: Error 550 5.5.5 signifies a permanent failure in email delivery, meaning the email will not reach the recipient.
  • Policy Restrictions: The error often stems from the recipient's server policies, such as spam filters or sender restrictions.
  • Sender Reputation: A poor sender reputation or blacklisted IP address can trigger this error.
  • Recipient-Side Issue: The problem usually resides on the recipient's server configuration, not the sender's.

Key considerations

  • Verify Recipient Address: Ensure the recipient's email address is correct and free of typos.
  • Check Sender Reputation: Use online tools to assess your sender reputation and identify potential blacklisting.
  • Authentication: Confirm that SPF and DKIM records are properly configured for your sending domain.
  • Contact Recipient: Reach out to the recipient through alternative channels to request whitelisting.
  • List Hygiene: Regularly clean your email list to remove invalid or inactive addresses.
  • Review Sending Practices: Warm up IP address and review your sending practices to ensure you are following best practices
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendPulse suggests checking the recipient's email address for typos and ensuring the sender's IP address isn't blacklisted. They also recommend contacting the recipient through another channel to confirm their email settings and request whitelisting.

February 2025 - SendPulse
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that a 550 error is a permanent rejection of the email. It often means the email address doesn't exist or the recipient's server is blocking the sender. The error `550 5.5.5` specifically indicates issues with policy restrictions.

May 2021 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow user 'MailGuru' explains that 550 errors are generic permanent failures. He indicates that the extended code '5.5.5' usually implies a specific policy reason for the rejection, such as sender restrictions or content filters, and recommends analyzing server logs for details.

January 2023 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from MailerCheck says that a 550 error suggests a permanent deliverability issue. They recommend checking your email list hygiene and removing invalid email addresses, as sending to these addresses can damage your sender reputation and cause further rejections.

September 2024 - MailerCheck
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum user 'EmailPro' shares that he's seen '550 5.5.5' errors occur when the sending domain doesn't have proper SPF or DKIM records set up. He recommends ensuring that authentication is correctly configured to improve deliverability.

August 2024 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign says that if you receive a 550 error, the problem typically lies with the recipient's server configuration or the recipient's email address itself. Recommend verifying the address and contacting the recipient's IT support if you continue to get the error.

April 2023 - ActiveCampaign
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus highlights that a 550 error is a hard bounce, meaning the email will not be delivered. The '5.5.5' code means it's not a technical issue like a full inbox, but something with the recipient's server configuration rejecting the email.

November 2021 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit user u/EmailHelp suggests that the error could indicate the recipient's server has identified the sender as a source of spam. He recommends checking sender reputation using online tools and contacting the recipient directly to ask them to whitelist the sender.

January 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from GlockApps suggests checking your sender reputation using their tools. A 550 error could mean your IP is on a blocklist or your domain reputation is poor, causing the recipient's server to reject the email. They also advise warming up your IP and reviewing your sending practices.

February 2022 - GlockApps

What the experts say
5Expert opinions

SMTP error 550 5.5.5 indicates a permanent email delivery failure, often due to the recipient's server policies, spam filtering, or whitelisting issues. Resolution typically requires action from the recipient's side, such as configuring their server to accept mail from the sender or properly implementing whitelisting. Senders should also maintain clean email lists to prevent further issues.

Key opinions

  • Permanent Error: 5xx errors, including 550 5.5.5, are hard bounces indicating permanent failures.
  • Recipient-Side Fix: The primary fix lies with the recipient's server configuration, often requiring whitelisting or policy adjustments.
  • Whitelisting Issues: Claims of whitelisting may be ineffective if not implemented correctly on the recipient's end.
  • Policy or Spam Filtering: The recipient's server may be rejecting the email due to established policies or spam filtering rules.

Key considerations

  • Contact Recipient's IT: Advise the recipient to have their IT department review server settings and allow emails from the sender.
  • Envelope From: If rejection occurs before DATA, ensure the Envelope From address is whitelisted.
  • List Cleaning: Regularly clean email lists to remove invalid addresses and prevent future bounces.
  • Verify Whitelisting: Double-check with the recipient that whitelisting is correctly implemented on their server.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that the fix is on the recipient's end and the sender cannot fix it from the outside. They should tell the recipient IT to resolve the issue.

July 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that in this kind of scenario, it's common for the client or client IT to say "oh, we've whitelisted it, you should be fine now!" The bounces you are seeing show that the whitelisting is not working or not implemented properly.

February 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource shares that 5xx errors are hard bounces which means permanent failures which are non-deliverable. The 550 code means the remote server recognized the email, but refused to accept it. They also advise cleaning your lists to prevent these happening again

September 2022 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that the email address likely only accepts mail from pre-approved senders and to resolve it, the recipient needs to configure their email to allow mail. If the rejection happens before DATA, then the sender address that needs to be on the allow list is the Envelope From.

March 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that a 5.X.X error indicates a permanent error, usually caused by something the sender cannot fix. The 550 code often signals a general rejection by the recipient's server due to policy or spam filtering rules.

March 2023 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

SMTP error 550 5.5.5 signifies a permanent delivery failure due to a policy rejection on the recipient's mail server. This rejection often stems from spam filtering rules, sender reputation issues, or syntax/protocol errors. The recipient's server operator deliberately chooses not to deliver the mail, meaning the resolution is primarily on the receiving end.

Key findings

  • Policy Rejection: The primary cause is a policy rejection on the recipient's mail server.
  • Permanent Failure: 5xx errors indicate permanent failures, rendering the email undeliverable.
  • Syntax/Protocol Errors: 5.5.x codes often relate to syntax or protocol errors preventing command execution.
  • Recipient-Side Issue: The issue is primarily with the receiving server's configuration and policies.

Key considerations

  • Contact Recipient's Admin: Communicate with the recipient's server administrator to understand the specific policy causing the rejection.
  • Check Sender Reputation: Monitor and maintain a good sender reputation to avoid being flagged by recipient servers.
  • Verify Email Syntax: Ensure the email adheres to proper syntax and protocol standards to prevent errors.
  • Review Server Logs: Analyze server logs for more detailed information about the rejection reason.
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Support explains that error 550 5.5.5 indicates a policy rejection. This means the recipient's mail server has policies in place that prevent the message from being delivered, often related to spam filtering or sender reputation.

March 2025 - Microsoft Support
Technical article

Documentation from Exim Wiki indicates a 550 error generally means a permanent failure on the receiving server. The specific code 5.5.5 can be tailored by the admin of the remote server, but the general meaning implies that the remote server operator is making a deliberate choice to not deliver your mail.

July 2023 - Exim Wiki
Technical article

Documentation from Cisco explains that 5xx errors are permanent failures. Specifically, 550 indicates that the requested command failed because the user's mailbox was unavailable (e.g., mailbox not found, no access, or command rejected for policy reasons).

February 2023 - Cisco
Technical article

Documentation from Postfix explains that the 550 code corresponds to a permanent failure which is used by the receiving server. The '5.5.x' is a receiving side error and means that there is a syntax or protocol error. The main fix is not on the sending side but the receiving.

October 2024 - Postfix
Technical article

Documentation from RFC 3463 specifies that 5.5.x status codes generally relate to protocol or syntax errors, meaning the command couldn't be performed due to issues like invalid arguments or unimplemented features. In context, 5.5.5 often points to a policy violation.

July 2023 - RFC 3463