Should I block or accept click tracking and bots, and what are the implications for email deliverability and unsubscribe links?

Summary

Experts, marketers, and documentation all converge on the idea that click tracking is vital for understanding user engagement, but careful filtering of bot traffic is crucial. Blocking legitimate click tracking can negatively impact deliverability. Bot traffic skews analytics, inflates metrics, negatively impacts sender reputation (potentially triggering spam traps), and poses risks to one-click unsubscribe features. Handling the one-click unsubscribe with care is also paramount to avoid accidental unsubscribes. Employing methods like CAPTCHAs, rate limiting, pre-flight link checks, monitoring unsubscribe rates, segmenting engaged audiences, leveraging email validation services, adhering to HTTP standards (POST requests for server-state changes), and implementing the List-Unsubscribe header are important considerations.

Key findings

  • Analytics Skewed by Bots: Bot traffic makes it difficult to get accurate insights into user engagement.
  • Sender Reputation Risks: Bots can trigger spam traps, causing damage to sender reputation.
  • One-Click Unsubscribe Vulnerability: Bots can automatically unsubscribe users through one-click unsubscribe options.
  • Blocking Clicks is Harmful: Blocking click tracking altogether can be detrimental to deliverability.
  • HTTP methods matter: Using a GET for actions such as unsubscribing is likely to cause problems.

Key considerations

  • Implement Bot Detection: Utilize bot filtering tools, advanced analytics, and email validation services.
  • Handle Unsubscribes Carefully: Implement rate-limiting, CAPTCHAs, and monitor unsubscribe rates to prevent bot abuse.
  • Perform Pre-Flight Checks: Validate links to identify and address bot-triggered issues.
  • Segment Audiences: Segment based on engagement to exclude inactive or bot-like users.
  • Adhere to HTTP standards: Use POST requests for state-changing actions.
  • The term one-click has different meanings: The term 'one-click' does not imply 'no-click'.

What email marketers say
10Marketer opinions

Experts recommend accepting click tracking for genuine user engagement insights, but emphasize the critical need to filter bot traffic to avoid skewed analytics, inflated metrics, and potential damage to sender reputation. Implementing bot detection measures, rate-limiting activity on unsubscribe pages, using CAPTCHAs, performing pre-flight checks for link validation, monitoring unsubscribe rates, segmenting audiences based on engagement, and employing email validation services are all recommended practices. Caution is advised regarding one-click unsubscribe links due to the risk of unintended unsubscriptions by bots.

Key opinions

  • Skewed Analytics: Bot traffic can distort analytics, making it difficult to accurately assess user engagement and conversion rates.
  • Sender Reputation: Bot activity, such as triggering spam traps or generating false engagement, can negatively impact sender reputation.
  • Inflated Metrics: Bot clicks can inflate open rates and other email marketing metrics, leading to inaccurate campaign performance assessments.
  • Unsubscribe Risks: One-click unsubscribe links are vulnerable to bot clicks, potentially resulting in unintended unsubscriptions of legitimate users.

Key considerations

  • Bot Filtering: Implement bot filtering tools and advanced analytics to identify and exclude bot traffic for more accurate reporting.
  • Rate Limiting: Apply rate-limiting to bot activity on unsubscribe pages to mitigate unintended consequences from malicious bots.
  • CAPTCHA: Consider using CAPTCHAs on unsubscribe pages to prevent bots from accidentally unsubscribing users, balancing security with user experience.
  • Pre-Flight Checks: Perform pre-flight checks, including link validation, to identify and address broken or suspicious links often triggered by bot scans.
  • Monitor Unsubscribes: Monitor unsubscribe rates for anomalies, as significant spikes could indicate bot activity requiring further investigation.
  • Segmentation: Segment audiences based on engagement and exclude inactive users or those consistently flagged by bot detection systems to maintain a cleaner list.
  • Email Validation: Employ email validation services to detect and remove invalid or bot-generated email addresses to prevent sending to spam traps.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel explains that bot traffic can skew analytics, making it difficult to accurately assess user engagement and conversion rates. They recommend using bot filtering tools to clean up data and get a clearer picture of campaign performance.

May 2022 - Neil Patel
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit forum r/emailmarketing shares their experience dealing with bot clicks inflating their open rates and suggests implementing a CAPTCHA on unsubscribe pages to prevent bots from accidentally unsubscribing users. They explain it is worth slightly hurting the user experience to ensure they have clean, actionable, user data.

June 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from ZeroBounce explains how to use email validation services to detect and remove invalid or bot-generated email addresses from your list. This helps prevent sending to spam traps and improves deliverability.

January 2025 - ZeroBounce
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign shares best practices to segment your audience based on engagement and exclude inactive users or those who consistently trigger bot detection. This helps maintain a cleaner list and improve deliverability.

September 2024 - ActiveCampaign
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailchimp explains that they automatically filter out bot clicks to provide cleaner analytics. They advise users to be cautious about one-click unsubscribe links to prevent accidental unsubscriptions from bots.

June 2022 - Mailchimp
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus explains how the one-click unsubscribe functionality is important for compliance but notes that it's essential to monitor unsubscribe rates for anomalies. Significant spikes might indicate bot activity, warranting further investigation.

September 2023 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid shares the importance of pre-flight checks including link validation, which identifies broken or suspicious links, often triggered by bot scans. Addressing these issues improves deliverability.

December 2024 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendGrid shares that bot traffic can negatively impact sender reputation if bots trigger spam traps or generate false engagement metrics. They recommend monitoring traffic and implementing bot detection measures to maintain a healthy sender reputation.

June 2021 - SendGrid
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackExchange suggests rate-limiting bot activity on unsubscribe pages to mitigate unintended consequences. It helps prevent rapid-fire unsubscriptions by malicious bots without impacting legitimate user interactions.

March 2024 - StackExchange
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot shares that click tracking is essential for understanding email engagement, but it's crucial to filter out bot clicks to avoid inflated metrics. They suggest using advanced analytics to identify and exclude bot traffic for more accurate reporting.

February 2022 - HubSpot

What the experts say
8Expert opinions

Experts recommend allowing clicks for reporting, differentiating between human and non-human interaction. Blocking all clicks can negatively impact deliverability by resembling malware tactics. One-click unsubscribe options pose a risk of unintended unsubscriptions due to bot activity, requiring careful implementation and adherence to HTTP standards (using POST requests for state-changing actions). Identifying bots is complex, and attempting to serve different content to them is discouraged. Interaction from honeypots counts against your email sending reputation.

Key opinions

  • Reporting is key: Clicks should be allowed but handled carefully for reporting purposes, differentiating human from non-human interaction.
  • Deliverability risks: Blocking clicks can negatively impact deliverability by being associated with malware tactics.
  • Unsubscribe Risks: One-click unsubscribe options can lead to accidental unsubscriptions due to bot activity.
  • Bot Identification: Identifying bots can be very complex.
  • Honeypots Hurt: Honeypot interactions negatively affect sender reputation.

Key considerations

  • Differentiate Clicks: Distinguish between human and bot-generated clicks in reporting.
  • HTTP Standards: Adhere to HTTP standards (using POST requests) for actions that change the server state, like unsubscribing users.
  • One-Click Implementation: Implement one-click unsubscribe options with caution due to the risk of unintended bot interactions.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks says that anything that makes a change on a webpage MUST be triggered by a POST request from user interaction. If you have a GET that changes persistent state your web app is irrecoverably broken.

December 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that clicks should be allowed, but treated differently in user reporting. Blocking them could make your mail seem high risk, as it mimics malware evasion tactics.

February 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains click tracking is useful, but you should exclude anything that isn't a genuine click from your reporting. Clicks coming from bots and malware scans do not represent a human user viewing your message.

May 2022 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks clarifies the term 'one-click unsubscribe'. It doesn't mean you can't require *any* webpage interaction, but rather not require *multiple steps* on the webpage to unsubscribe. Confusing the term lead to a lot of bad advice.

July 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks states that bots follow links to look for malware or phishing on landing pages. Making them trivial to identify would allow bad actors to serve different content to bots and humans.

November 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks states that identifying bots is not trivial as some bots are full headless browsers running with JavaScript and network access enabled in an isolated one-shot sandbox.

September 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spamresource explains that honeypots will engage with links and any engagement counts against you.

June 2021 - Spamresource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that if a mailing list implements a one-click unsubscribe, there's a risk of Non-Human Interaction (NHI) clicks unsubscribing users silently.

October 2021 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Technical documentation emphasizes that blocking search engine crawlers negatively impacts SEO and deliverability. Adhering to HTTP standards by using POST requests for actions like unsubscribing prevents unintended bot interactions. Implementing List-Unsubscribe headers with both mailto: and HTTP options, using POST for the latter, mitigates bot-induced unsubscriptions. Avoiding interaction with spam traps, which are designed to catch spammers and bots, is crucial to maintain sender reputation.

Key findings

  • SEO Impact: Blocking search engine crawlers negatively impacts SEO by preventing content indexing and potentially affecting deliverability.
  • HTTP Standards: Using GET requests for actions that modify server-side state (like unsubscribing) is against HTTP standards and can lead to bot-induced issues.
  • Unsubscribe Header: The List-Unsubscribe header offers a standardized method for users to unsubscribe from mailing lists.
  • Spam Traps Harmful: Interacting with spam traps damages sender reputation.

Key considerations

  • Allow Crawlers: Ensure search engine crawlers can access your site to maintain SEO and verify legitimacy.
  • Use POST for State Changes: Use POST requests for actions that modify server-side state, such as unsubscribing users.
  • Implement List-Unsubscribe: Implement the List-Unsubscribe header with both mailto: and HTTP options (POST for HTTP) for better unsubscribe management.
  • Avoid Spam Traps: Implement strategies to avoid interacting with spam traps to protect sender reputation.
Technical article

Documentation from IETF explains the List-Unsubscribe header, which allows recipients to unsubscribe from mailing lists. Implementing both mailto: and HTTP unsubscribe options, with the latter requiring a POST request, can help mitigate bot-induced unsubscriptions.

October 2024 - datatracker.ietf.org
Technical article

Documentation from Spamhaus explains how spam traps are designed to catch spammers and bots. Interacting with these traps can severely damage sender reputation, highlighting the need to filter bot traffic.

January 2023 - Spamhaus
Technical article

Documentation from Google Search Central explains that Google uses crawlers to discover and index web pages. Blocking these crawlers can prevent your content from appearing in search results, negatively impacting organic traffic and potentially affecting deliverability if search engines can't verify your site's legitimacy.

April 2022 - Google Search Central
Technical article

Documentation from RFC Editor explains that per HTTP standards, actions that modify server-side state (like unsubscribing a user) SHOULD be performed using the POST method, not GET. Using GET for such actions can lead to unintended consequences due to bot activity.

August 2022 - RFC Editor