How should I email users about a data breach?

Summary

When emailing users about a data breach, prioritize promptness, transparency, and providing actionable information. Notify only affected individuals, excluding unsubscribes and ensuring data has been deleted when possible. Send communications in batches, starting with the most active users, and consider a dedicated subdomain. Describe the nature of the breach, the compromised data, potential risks, and remediation measures. Provide contact information for further inquiries and guide users on protecting themselves. Secure systems, fix vulnerabilities, notify law enforcement if needed, and comply with regulations like GDPR and FCRA. An apology and a clear, jargon-free explanation are vital, along with actions taken to prevent recurrence. Transparency and fulfilling promised actions foster trust and mitigate negative reactions.

Key findings

  • Transparency: Be honest and upfront about the breach, detailing exactly what happened and what information was compromised.
  • Actionable Information: Provide clear steps the customer can take to protect themselves and offer support.
  • Promptness: Tell people as soon as you know about the compromise.
  • Selective Notification: Contact only individuals related to the data breach and exclude unsubscribes.
  • Batch Communication: Send emails in batches to avoid overwhelming mail servers.

Key considerations

  • Legal Compliance: Comply with regulations like GDPR, FCRA and other data protection laws.
  • ISP Notification: Consider proactively notifying ISPs about the upcoming communication.
  • Dedicated Subdomain: Use a dedicated subdomain for breach-related communications.
  • Security Measures: Focus on securing systems and fixing vulnerabilities to prevent future incidents.
  • User Trust: Maintaining user trust is paramount; be transparent and fulfil promised actions.

What email marketers say
13Marketer opinions

When emailing users about a data breach, prioritize transparency, speed, and clarity. Notify affected individuals as soon as possible, providing comprehensive details about the breach including what happened, what data was compromised, potential risks, and steps taken to resolve the issue. Offer guidance on how users can protect themselves and consider providing support or services like credit monitoring. Segment your audience, excluding unsubscribes and hard bounces, and send emails in batches to avoid deliverability issues. Proactively inform ISPs, use a dedicated subdomain, and consult legal and ESP teams. Always apologize, explain the vulnerability, and act transparently.

Key opinions

  • Be Transparent: Honesty and transparency are crucial; explain exactly what happened and what information was compromised.
  • Provide Details: Offer comprehensive details about the breach, including the nature of the incident, the type of data affected, and potential risks to users.
  • Offer Guidance: Provide clear, actionable steps users can take to protect themselves following the breach.
  • Act Quickly: Notify affected individuals as soon as possible after the breach is discovered.
  • Segment Audience: Carefully select the recipients; exclude unsubscribes and hard bounces to improve deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Legal Consultation: Consult your legal team to ensure compliance with data breach notification laws and regulations.
  • ISP Notification: Consider proactively notifying ISPs to mitigate potential deliverability issues.
  • Dedicated Subdomain: Set up a dedicated subdomain for breach-related communications to clearly indicate the purpose of the emails.
  • Batch Sending: Send emails in batches to avoid overwhelming mail servers and to monitor deliverability.
  • Support Services: Consider offering credit monitoring or other support services to affected individuals.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit suggests being honest and upfront about the breach, detailing exactly what happened and what information was compromised. Also, provide clear steps the customer can take to protect themselves and offer support.

March 2025 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from heimdalsecurity.com shares that the notification should include: What happened, When it happened, What information was involved, What you are doing to resolve the problem, What they can do to protect themselves.

January 2025 - heimdalsecurity.com
Marketer view

Email marketer from Securitymetrics.com recommends telling customers about the breach as soon as possible. The notification should include a description of the breach, the data that was compromised, what the company is doing to resolve the issue, and what customers can do to protect themselves.

August 2023 - Securitymetrics.com
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that you should send emails slowly, and by batch. With a very clear message (topic and content), no call to action or links whatsoever. Using the usual sending domain, potentially with a different user part.

April 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Digital Guardian advises to be transparent, provide accurate details, and offer guidance on what affected individuals should do next. Also consider offering credit monitoring services.

April 2021 - Digital Guardian
Marketer view

Email marketer from pixelprivacy.com shares that you must provide detailed information regarding the breach. Affected customers should know exactly what happened, what data was involved, and the potential risks they face as a result.

June 2021 - pixelprivacy.com
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares: Be selective of who you contact and exclude unsubscribes and spam complainers. Do batches. You may try to contact mailbox providers upfront. You may want to setup a dedicated subdomain for this particular sendout.

December 2021 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackExchange shares the advice to include an apology, explain what happened and what data was affected, and what steps you are taking to fix the vulnerability. Also, suggest steps the user can take to protect themselves.

August 2021 - StackExchange
Marketer view

Email marketer from Github suggests the email should include a sincere apology, a clear explanation of what happened (avoiding technical jargon), a list of the specific data that was compromised, actions taken to secure the system, and steps the user can take to protect themselves.

January 2024 - Github
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks suggests pro-actively reaching out to some of the ISPs and give them a heads up about the upcoming email. It may not prevent all of the damage, but it could help.

October 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Varonis advises to explain the incident, describe the impact and scope, explain what steps you’ve taken to remediate, and provide guidance for the recipient.

September 2023 - Varonis
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that only individuals related to the data breach have to be contacted. Emails is one way, but not the only one, also data should have been deleted.

May 2021 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Paubox advises to act quickly and transparently to inform customers about the data breach, and what specific measures they can take to protect themselves.

August 2022 - Paubox

What the experts say
2Expert opinions

When emailing users about a data breach, transparency and timely communication are paramount. Inform affected individuals as soon as the compromise is known, providing honest details about what occurred. To avoid overwhelming systems and ensure deliverability, stagger communications, prioritizing the most active users first. Outline the actions you will take to support affected users and ensure you follow through, as transparency builds trust and prevents further anger.

Key opinions

  • Timely Disclosure: Inform users about the compromise as soon as it is discovered.
  • Transparency: Be honest and open about what happened, providing clear details.
  • Staggered Communication: Avoid sending all notifications at once; spread them out over time, starting with active users.

Key considerations

  • Action Plan: Clearly outline and follow through on the steps you will take to support affected users.
  • User Trust: Transparency and prompt action are crucial for maintaining user trust and preventing negative reactions.
  • Deliverability: Sending emails in batches helps manage server load and improve deliverability rates.
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains it's important to tell people as soon as you know about the compromise, and what happened. Be honest, explain what you will do for them, and also do it. The important thing is to be transparent. If you don't let people know what's happening, they will be very angry at you.

August 2021 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks recommends to not do all the mail at once, spread it out over time, don’t just drop a bomb of mail to everyone at once, and to start with the most active addresses and then work backwards.

March 2022 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

When emailing users about a data breach, regulatory documentation emphasizes clear communication, prompt action, and comprehensive disclosure. Describe the nature of the breach, contact information for further inquiries, potential consequences, and measures taken to address the breach. Secure systems, fix vulnerabilities, notify law enforcement (if necessary), and review compliance with regulations like the Fair Credit Reporting Act. Notify supervisory authorities within mandated timeframes (e.g., 72 hours under GDPR) and communicate with affected individuals, especially when there's a high risk to their rights and freedoms. Include details about the information compromised, the organization's response, and steps users can take to protect themselves.

Key findings

  • Clear Description: Clearly describe the nature of the data breach.
  • Contact Information: Provide contact details for inquiries, such as a Data Protection Officer.
  • Consequence Disclosure: Describe the likely consequences of the breach.
  • Remediation Measures: Detail the measures taken or proposed to address the breach.
  • Timely Notification: Notify supervisory authorities and affected individuals without undue delay (e.g., within 72 hours).

Key considerations

  • Regulatory Compliance: Ensure compliance with relevant regulations like GDPR, FCRA, and Australian privacy laws.
  • Risk Assessment: Assess the risk to individuals' rights and freedoms to determine the necessity and urgency of communication.
  • Security Measures: Prioritize securing systems and fixing vulnerabilities to prevent future breaches.
  • Law Enforcement: Notify law enforcement if a crime was committed.
  • Individual Protection: Provide guidance on steps individuals can take to protect themselves from the breach's impact.
Technical article

Documentation from Australian Government explains that data breach notification emails should include: The nature of the breach, The kind of information concerned, What the organisation has done to respond to the breach, What steps individuals can take to protect themselves.

October 2023 - oaic.gov.au
Technical article

Documentation from GDPR explains that you must without undue delay and, where feasible, not later than 72 hours after having become aware of it, notify the personal data breach to the supervisory authority. Communicate the personal data breach to the data subject when the personal data breach is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons.

May 2023 - GDPR
Technical article

Documentation from ico.org.uk explains that you should describe clearly the nature of the personal data breach, communicate the name and contact details of your data protection officer or other contact point where more information can be obtained, describe the likely consequences of the personal data breach and describe the measures taken or proposed to be taken to address the personal data breach, including, measures to mitigate its possible adverse effects.

October 2022 - ico.org.uk
Technical article

Documentation from Federal Trade Commission explains that The advisory offers five key steps for businesses to take following a breach: Secure your systems, fix vulnerabilities that led to the breach, notify law enforcement if a crime was committed, review the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), and notify affected individuals.

June 2021 - Federal Trade Commission