How should collection agencies handle email marketing compliance and deliverability?

Summary

Collection agencies face significant hurdles in email marketing due to the sensitive nature of their communications. Success hinges on balancing legal compliance with technical best practices and respecting recipient preferences. Adherence to regulations like CAN-SPAM, GDPR, TCPA, and FDCPA is paramount, necessitating clear consent procedures, easy opt-out mechanisms, and careful management of email content. Technically, email authentication using SPF, DKIM, and DMARC is crucial, as is providing a working List-Unsubscribe header. Proactive sender reputation management, including monitoring spam complaints and promptly removing unsubscribed users, is essential for maintaining deliverability. Avoid purchasing email lists, personalize communications appropriately, and ensure accessibility for all recipients. For problematic clients, isolate their IPs to mitigate damage to other senders.

Key findings

  • Legal Compliance is Key: Agencies must meticulously comply with CAN-SPAM, GDPR, TCPA, and FDCPA, encompassing consent, opt-out, and content restrictions.
  • Authentication Matters: Email authentication via SPF, DKIM, and DMARC is a must for ensuring messages reach the inbox.
  • Unsubscribe Implementation: A functional List-Unsubscribe header (both mailto: and HTTP) streamlines opt-outs and curbs spam complaints.
  • Reputation Management: Proactive monitoring and mitigation of spam complaints are crucial for maintaining a healthy sender reputation.
  • Permission is Essential: Never transfer data to another list without express permission; purchased lists can be detrimental.
  • Relevance and Personalization: Personalized, timely, relevant emails can improve open rates. However, be mindful of GDPR/privacy regulations and only include the necessary information.

Key considerations

  • Consent Management: Implement robust consent management processes, ensuring recipients actively opt-in to receive communications.
  • Opt-Out Facilitation: Make opting out simple and immediate, and promptly transition to alternative contact methods after opt-out.
  • Reputation Monitoring: Continuously monitor sender reputation using tools such as feedback loops (FBLs) and Return Path.
  • Technical Implementation: Ensure correct configuration of SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records.
  • Content Governance: Avoid deceptive subject lines and always provide a physical postal address to comply with CAN-SPAM.
  • Accessibility: Ensure that your emails are accessible to those with disabilities by adding alt text to images and keeping them concise.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

Collection agencies face unique challenges in email marketing due to the nature of their communications. Compliance with regulations like CAN-SPAM, GDPR, TCPA, and FDCPA is crucial, including obtaining consent where necessary and providing easy opt-out options. Maintaining a clean sender reputation is vital, achieved through practices like list segmentation, personalization (while avoiding sensitive data), sender reputation monitoring, and prompt handling of complaints. Deliverability can be improved by using dedicated IPs, authenticating emails, and adhering to best practices for email design and accessibility. Transactional email status does not exempt senders from compliance with spam laws when complaint rates are high.

Key opinions

  • Regulatory Compliance: Collection agencies must comply with CAN-SPAM, GDPR, TCPA, and FDCPA, including clear opt-out options and data protection measures.
  • Consent Management: Email opt-in permission is not transferable; agencies must obtain their own consent, especially for EU citizens under GDPR.
  • Sender Reputation: Maintaining a good sender reputation is vital, requiring proactive monitoring and quick response to complaints.
  • Personalization: Personalizing emails can increase engagement, but avoid including sensitive personal or debt-related information.
  • Accessibility: Ensuring emails are accessible (e.g., alt text for images, structured HTML) enhances engagement and sender reputation.
  • List hygiene: Cleaning email lists and removing users that have complained improves sender reputation.
  • Subject lines: Using personalized and simple subject lines can drastically improve your email open rates.

Key considerations

  • Opt-Out Processes: Make opting out easy and honor requests promptly, transitioning to other communication methods after opt-out.
  • Segmentation & Targeting: Segment lists and personalize messages to increase relevance and reduce spam complaints.
  • Monitoring & Response: Implement feedback loops and sender reputation monitoring to address issues proactively.
  • Dedicated IPs: Using dedicated IPs can improve deliverability, but requires careful management of sender reputation.
  • Email Authentication: Ensure email authentication protocols, such as SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are correctly implemented.
  • Legal compliance: Ensure that you are using the right email times and follow all debt collection laws in your emails.
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailToolTester shares that collection agencies must comply with GDPR if emailing EU citizens. This involves obtaining explicit consent (if required), providing clear information about data processing, and honoring the right to be forgotten. This overlaps with marketing compliance.

May 2022 - EmailToolTester
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sendinblue responds that collection agencies should segment their email lists, send personalized messages, monitor their sender reputation, and use a dedicated IP address to help improve deliverability. Also ensure recipients are aware of why they are receiving the mail, such as overdue payments.

October 2023 - Sendinblue
Marketer view

Email marketer from Validity shares that proactively monitoring sender reputation using tools like Return Path can help collection agencies identify and address deliverability issues before they impact inbox placement. Consistent monitoring can assist in rapidly identifying problems with reputation, such as spam listings.

August 2024 - Validity
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow shares some tips that includes implementing feedback loops (FBLs) to monitor spam complaints and remove complaining users from your list to maintain a clean sender reputation.

November 2023 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks answers that permission to send email is always revocable. Opt-out requests should be honored, and collection agencies should transition to other contact methods after opt-out. Email opt-in permission is not transferable from the original lender to the collection agency.

July 2021 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that collection agencies need to comply with CAN-SPAM by not using deceptive subject lines, providing a physical postal address, and giving recipients an easy way to opt-out of future emails. Honor opt-out requests promptly.

June 2024 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Quora shares that a good tip is to use simple, personalized subject lines. People receive a lot of emails, so the more personalized and less sales-y you sound, the better your chance of them opening it. Include something in the subject or preview text to trigger a specific action, such as “Reply today with any questions!” or “Your Payment is due!”, and focus on sending at optimal times. Test different times and days to understand when most of your list will be able to open the email. Also ensure your email list is clean so there are no bouncing.

November 2021 - Quora
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass responds that personalizing collection emails with specific debt details and payment options can improve engagement and reduce spam complaints, as recipients are more likely to view the message as relevant. However, never include sensitive information.

June 2023 - Gmass
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that the main goal should be to reduce spam complaints. Although One-Click List-Unsubscribe isn't mandatory for transactional emails, high complaint rates may necessitate its use. Transactional messages are not sent in bulk and uses google magic to differentiate between the types of emails.

January 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit explains that agencies should ensure compliance with TCPA and FDCPA guidelines, including offering simple opt-out options, sending emails during legal hours, and providing their contact details in all correspondence.

November 2021 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus shares that ensuring collection emails are accessible to all recipients, including those with disabilities, can improve overall engagement and sender reputation. Use alt text for images, clear and concise language, and properly structured HTML.

January 2023 - Litmus

What the experts say
6Expert opinions

For collection agencies, maintaining email deliverability requires strict adherence to best practices and respecting recipient preferences. Sending unsolicited emails, violating unsubscribe requirements, and ignoring complaints will negatively impact sender reputation and deliverability. It is essential to provide a working list-unsubscribe header to reduce spam complaints and respect user opt-out preferences. Avoid purchasing or transferring email lists without explicit consent as this can damage sender reputation. Focus on obtaining permission and taking action on feedback/complaints to maintain a healthy sender reputation and ensure deliverability.

Key opinions

  • Unsolicited Email: Sending unsolicited email or violating unsubscribe requirements severely damages deliverability.
  • List-Unsubscribe Importance: Implementing a working List-Unsubscribe header reduces spam complaints by offering a convenient opt-out method.
  • Sender Reputation Impact: Sender reputation is heavily influenced by complaints; prompt action on complaints is vital.
  • Permission: Transferring data to another list without express permission can damage sender reputation and cause negative impact.
  • Compliance and Best Practices: Deliverability depends on compliance with RFCs, authentication, and avoiding malware/phishing.

Key considerations

  • Respect Recipient Preferences: Always honor unsubscribe requests and respect recipient preferences to avoid spam complaints.
  • Avoid Unethical Practices: Refrain from purchasing or transferring email lists without proper consent.
  • Monitor and Act on Feedback: Implement feedback loops and actively monitor sender reputation; address complaints promptly.
  • Isolate Risky Practices: If a client engages in risky email practices, isolate their IP addresses or domains to protect other clients.
  • Focus on Permission: Prioritize obtaining explicit permission to send emails to maintain a healthy email list.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that you cannot transfer data to another list without express permission and gives a real world example of a company who tried to purchase data and had a negative impact.

November 2024 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that there's no good way to deal with customers who send unsolicited mail, violate unsubscribe requirements, and whose mail is unwanted. Their delivery is going to suffer, and there's little that can be done due to their business practices. He also advised to isolate IP addresses or domains used by such customers to limit reputation damage to other clients.

April 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that the purpose of List-Unsubscribe is to reduce spam complaints. Ignoring unsubscribe requests will likely increase spam complaints.

October 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that sender reputation is based on the number of complaints and that senders should act on them. If a user doesn't like being emailed, remove them from the list.

February 2025 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that the list-unsubscribe email header lets users unsubscribe without having to click through to a website or mark the message as spam. This should reduce spam complaints.

July 2021 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that deliverability depends on recipient reactions, compliance with RFCs, authentication, and avoiding malware/phishing. Violations of baseline requirements, like missing unsubscribe links, will hinder efforts to improve inbox placement.

March 2021 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

Collection agencies must adhere to specific technical and legal guidelines to ensure email compliance and deliverability. Email authentication via SPF, DKIM, and DMARC is essential for bulk senders. Providing a one-click unsubscribe option via the List-Unsubscribe header (with both mailto: and HTTP options) is crucial. Following the best practices and sender support programs of major mailbox providers like Microsoft can improve deliverability. Compliance with the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) is mandatory, restricting contact methods and content. DMARC helps prevent email spoofing and improves authentication between senders and receivers.

Key findings

  • Email Authentication: Bulk senders must authenticate emails with SPF, DKIM, and DMARC to ensure deliverability.
  • List-Unsubscribe Header: Including a List-Unsubscribe header with both mailto: and HTTP options simplifies opt-out and reduces spam complaints.
  • Microsoft Sender Support: Participating in Microsoft's sender support programs can enhance deliverability to Outlook.com and Hotmail users.
  • FDCPA Compliance: Debt collectors must comply with the FDCPA, which restricts contact methods and email content.
  • DMARC Policies: DMARC helps authenticate messages and prevents email spoofing, improving trust and deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Technical Implementation: Ensure proper implementation of SPF, DKIM, and DMARC for email authentication.
  • One-Click Unsubscribe: Provide an easy one-click unsubscribe option in the email header using the List-Unsubscribe header.
  • Monitor Spam Rates: Maintain low spam rates by actively managing email lists and promptly removing unsubscribed recipients.
  • Legal Adherence: Strictly adhere to FDCPA guidelines to avoid legal issues related to email communications.
  • Proactive Engagement: Engage with sender support programs offered by mailbox providers to stay informed about best practices and policies.
Technical article

Documentation from Google Workspace Updates explains that bulk senders must authenticate their email with SPF or DKIM, set up DMARC, keep spam rates low, and make unsubscribing easy with a one-click unsubscribe option in the email header.

October 2024 - Google Workspace Updates
Technical article

Documentation from RFC explains that including a List-Unsubscribe header with both mailto: and HTTP options provides recipients with a clear and easy way to opt-out, which helps reduce spam complaints. These should be honoured.

July 2024 - RFC2369, RFC8058
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft explains that participating in their sender support programs and following their best practices for sending email, including authentication and list management, can improve deliverability to Outlook.com and Hotmail users.

November 2022 - Microsoft
Technical article

Documentation from IETF explains that Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance (DMARC) policies is a technical specification that provides a way for email senders and receivers to work together to better authenticate email messages and to confirm that messages aren't spoofed.

August 2024 - IETF
Technical article

Documentation from the FTC (Federal Trade Commission) explains that the FDCPA limits the ways debt collectors can contact consumers, including restrictions on when and how they can send emails and the information they can include. Comply with all regulations to avoid legal issues.

December 2024 - FTC