Can one dedicated IP be mapped to multiple sub-domains for email?

Summary

While technically feasible to map multiple subdomains to a single dedicated IP, a wide range of expert and marketer opinions, along with documentation, emphasize the need for careful planning and execution. Factors such as sending volume, email type, and subdomain reputation play crucial roles. Controlling sender reputation, gradual IP warm-up, proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), a well defined subdomain strategy tailored to your specific needs and continuous monitoring are highlighted as essential for ensuring deliverability.

Key findings

  • Technical Feasibility: Mailing multiple subdomains from a single IP is technically possible.
  • Reputation Risk: Mapping multiple subdomains to one IP creates a single point of failure; poor subdomain reputation impacts all.
  • Sender Control/Responsibility: Dedicated IPs provide control but mandate responsibility for maintaining a good sending reputation.
  • Segmentation benefits: Subdomains and IP segmentation aids isolation of email streams from each other.
  • IP Reputation: Existing IP/domain reputation may or may not help a new IP.

Key considerations

  • IP Warmup: Gradual IP warm-up is crucial, sometimes needing separate warm-up for each IP/authenticated-domain pair.
  • Authentication: Proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is critical.
  • HELO/EHLO: Ensure HELO/EHLO domain resolves to the sending IP; avoid changing server HELO.
  • Subdomain Strategy: Implement a well-defined subdomain strategy tailored to the customer.
  • Sending Volume: Sufficient sending volume may justify separate IPs; otherwise, shared IPs might be more practical.
  • Email Type: Separate IPs for transactional vs. marketing emails are beneficial to protect the transactional reputation.
  • Reputation monitoring: Continuous monitoring of each subdomain's reputation is crucial.

What email marketers say
10Marketer opinions

Mapping multiple subdomains to a single dedicated IP is technically feasible but presents various deliverability considerations. Several factors influence the optimal approach, including sending volume, email type, and reputation management. Experts recommend careful monitoring and segmentation to mitigate potential risks.

Key opinions

  • Feasibility: Mapping multiple subdomains to a single dedicated IP is technically possible.
  • Reputation Impact: A subdomain's poor reputation can negatively impact the deliverability of other subdomains sharing the same IP.
  • Isolation: Using subdomains allows for isolating the reputation of different email streams.
  • Acceptable Use: It's acceptable if subdomains are related and send similar emails, but caution and monitoring are necessary.
  • Risk Increase: Using one IP increases the risk of all subdomains being blacklisted.

Key considerations

  • Sending Volume: Sufficient sending volume per subdomain justifies separate IPs for better reputation control.
  • Email Type: Separate IPs for transactional vs. marketing emails are recommended to protect transactional deliverability.
  • Reputation Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of each subdomain's reputation is crucial.
  • IP Warmup: Properly warming up IPs with gradually increasing volumes is vital for maintaining deliverability.
  • Segmentation: Segmenting IPs based on email type (transactional, marketing) can improve deliverability.
  • Subdomain Purpose: The purpose of the subdomains should be taken into consideration, separate IPs may be better for drastically different email streams.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit explains that it's perfectly acceptable to use one dedicated IP for multiple subdomains, especially if they're all related to the same business and sending similar types of emails. However, they caution to monitor deliverability closely.

December 2021 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum shares that while technically possible, mapping multiple subdomains to a single IP can create challenges with reputation management. If one subdomain develops a poor reputation, it can affect the deliverability of emails sent from other subdomains using the same IP.

January 2022 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Deliverability Forum warns that using a single dedicated IP for multiple subdomains increases the risk of all subdomains being blacklisted if one subdomain engages in spammy practices.

July 2022 - Email Deliverability Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Service Provider Blog explains that if you have sufficient sending volume for each subdomain, using separate dedicated IPs can provide better control over reputation. However, for low-volume subdomains, sharing an IP might be more practical.

May 2023 - Email Service Provider Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackExchange shares that it depends on the purpose of the subdomains. If they're for drastically different types of email (e.g., transactional vs. marketing), separate IPs might be better. If they're closely related, a single IP can work.

December 2024 - StackExchange
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that using subdomains for different types of emails (transactional, marketing) helps segment your sending reputation. While technically multiple subdomains can share an IP, it's crucial to monitor each subdomain's reputation independently.

December 2021 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Blog suggests segmenting IPs based on the type of email being sent. Transactional emails should be on a different IP than marketing emails to protect the reputation of critical transactional communications.

April 2022 - Email Marketing Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit stresses the importance of warming up IPs correctly when using multiple subdomains. They recommend starting with small volumes and gradually increasing, monitoring deliverability metrics closely.

April 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that while it’s a recommendation to separate each subdomain into their own subdomain/IP pairing, it doesn’t always work if you don’t have volume to support it. A potential issue is that a subdomain for a less desirable stream can impact the IP reputation, which directly impacts the others.

January 2025 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendPulse shares that using subdomains allows you to isolate the reputation of different email streams. If one subdomain has deliverability issues, it won't necessarily impact the reputation of other subdomains using the same IP.

June 2024 - SendPulse

What the experts say
6Expert opinions

Experts generally agree that mapping multiple subdomains to a single dedicated IP is technically feasible. However, this approach requires careful consideration of email reputation and potential risks. While it offers flexibility, it's essential to manage the IP's reputation diligently and implement a robust subdomain strategy.

Key opinions

  • Technical Feasibility: It is technically possible to mail from multiple subdomains off a single IP address.
  • Reputation Risk: Mapping multiple subdomains to a single IP creates a single point of failure for email reputation.
  • IP Warming: New IPs require a gradual ramp-up of traffic (warming) to establish a good sending reputation.
  • Authenticated Domain: An existing mail stream with a good reputation from the same authenticated domain may or may not help a new IP.

Key considerations

  • Server HELO: Avoid modifying the server HELO configuration.
  • Subdomain Strategy: Implement a well-defined subdomain strategy tailored to your specific needs.
  • IP Warming: Warm up each IP/authenticated-domain pair separately.
  • Reputation Management: Implement a good subdomain strategy with strong reputation management
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks confirms it's okay to use more than one dedicated IP mapped to one sender domain, and then warm up each pair gradually.

August 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that you can mail multiple 821.From domains off a single IP, and use multiple IPs for a single 821.From. You just shouldn’t start messing with the server HELO.

December 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that while technically possible to map multiple subdomains to a single dedicated IP, doing so can create a single point of failure for your email reputation. If one subdomain is compromised or develops a poor reputation, it can negatively impact the deliverability of all subdomains using that IP.

April 2022 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise, Steve Jones, responds that, although the question is about IPs and Subdomains, they recommend using a good subdomain strategy as part of the answer. The subdomain strategy is dependant on the customer, as such they cannot give a single answer.

May 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that a baseline assumption is that you'll need to warm up each IP/authenticated-domain pair separately. That's often not true, but doing it won't hurt, other than taking some time and effort.

June 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that you'll need to ramp up traffic on the new IP gradually ("warm it up"), same as you would for any other mail stream. At some recipient ISPs the fact that there's an existing mail stream with good reputation sending using the same authenticated domain will help; at others it won't.

February 2022 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

Using a dedicated IP provides full control over sender reputation but also places the responsibility of maintaining good standing on the sender. This involves following best practices, gradually warming up the IP, proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), maintaining a low spam complaint rate, and ensuring the HELO/EHLO domain resolves to the sending IP.

Key findings

  • Sender Control: Dedicated IPs grant full control over the sender's reputation.
  • Responsibility: The sender is responsible for maintaining the IP's good standing.
  • IP Warmup: Gradual IP warmup is crucial for establishing a positive reputation.
  • Authentication: Proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is essential.
  • HELO/EHLO: The HELO/EHLO domain must resolve to the sending IP address.

Key considerations

  • Best Practices: Adhere to best practices for sending email.
  • Spam Traps: Avoid spam traps to protect your reputation.
  • Monitoring: Carefully monitor sending metrics.
  • Spam Complaints: Maintain a low spam complaint rate.
Technical article

Documentation from Amazon Web Services explains that using a dedicated IP address with Amazon SES allows you to control your sending reputation. AWS recommends carefully monitoring your sending metrics and following best practices to maintain a good reputation.

June 2022 - Amazon Web Services
Technical article

Documentation from Google Postmaster Tools explains that senders using dedicated IPs should ensure proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) and maintain a low spam complaint rate to establish a good reputation with Gmail.

February 2025 - Google Postmaster Tools
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that when introducing a new IP address, it's essential to warm it up gradually to establish a positive sending reputation. This involves steadily increasing sending volume and monitoring deliverability metrics.

July 2021 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from RFC Editor explains that the HELO/EHLO domain should resolve to the IP address used for sending. Mismatches can negatively impact deliverability.

November 2023 - RFC Editor
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Learn explains that using a dedicated IP address gives you full control over the sender's reputation. This means you're responsible for maintaining its good standing by following best practices for sending email and avoiding spam traps.

June 2023 - Microsoft Learn