Why is specifying the return path as the sender's email address a bad practice?

Summary

Specifying the sender's email address as the return path is a detrimental practice impacting email deliverability and sender reputation. This configuration disrupts automated bounce processing, leading to unhandled bounces, cluttered inboxes, and difficulties in managing legitimate replies. It negatively affects sender reputation, hinders list cleaning, increases bounce rates, and can lead to blacklisting. Proper bounce management, facilitated by a dedicated bounce address and automated processes, is crucial for maintaining list hygiene, avoiding spam complaints, and ensuring positive sender reputation, ultimately leading to improved engagement metrics and adherence to email standards.

Key findings

  • Disrupted Bounce Handling: Automated bounce processing is disrupted, making it difficult to identify and remove invalid email addresses.
  • Cluttered Inboxes: Sender inboxes get cluttered with bounce messages, making it difficult to manage legitimate replies.
  • Negative Impact on Reputation: Sender reputation is negatively impacted through increased bounce rates and potential blacklisting.
  • Impeded List Cleaning: Effective list cleaning is hindered, making it harder to differentiate between legitimate replies and bounce messages.
  • Compliance Concerns: It becomes difficult to comply with anti-spam regulations due to the inability to effectively process bounces.
  • Operational Issues: Sender's systems might not be equipped to handle the high volume of bounces.
  • Broken Automated Process: The Return-Path is designed for automated processing, and using the sender's address breaks this automated process.
  • Organizational Nightmares: The setup leads to cluttered inboxes, difficult organisation and potential missed communication.

Key considerations

  • Dedicated Bounce Address: Use a dedicated bounce address separate from the sender's email address.
  • Automated Processing: Implement automated bounce processing to identify and remove invalid email addresses.
  • List Hygiene: Maintain a clean email list by regularly removing bounced email addresses.
  • Monitor Reputation: Monitor sender reputation and take steps to improve it through proper bounce handling.
  • Subdomain Configuration: Configure the bounce address as a subdomain pointing to MX records of the ESP.
  • Review ESP Configuration: Review the ESP configuration to ensure that the ESP is handling 5xx rejections.
  • Infrastructure: Use a dedicated infrastructure for handling feedback loops and bounce data.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

Specifying the sender's email address as the return path is detrimental to email deliverability and sender reputation. This practice leads to cluttered inboxes, makes it difficult to manage legitimate replies, and prevents automated bounce processing. It negatively impacts sender reputation by hindering effective list cleaning, increasing bounce rates, and potentially leading to blacklisting. Proper bounce management requires a dedicated bounce address to ensure effective list hygiene, avoid spam complaints, and maintain a positive sending reputation.

Key opinions

  • Cluttered Inboxes: Using the sender's address as the return path clutters the inbox with bounce messages, making it difficult to manage legitimate replies.
  • Impeded Bounce Processing: It prevents automated bounce processing, hindering the removal of invalid email addresses from mailing lists.
  • Negative Reputation Impact: It negatively impacts sender reputation by increasing bounce rates and potentially leading to blacklisting.
  • Poor List Hygiene: Effective list hygiene becomes impossible, leading to decreased engagement and increased spam complaints.
  • Organizational Issues: The inability to organize replies and bounce emails from the same inbox is an organizational nightmare, leading to missed communications.

Key considerations

  • Dedicated Bounce Address: Implement a dedicated bounce address for proper bounce management.
  • Automated Bounce Processing: Use a system that automatically processes bounces and removes invalid email addresses from the mailing list.
  • List Hygiene: Maintain a clean email list by regularly removing bounced email addresses.
  • Sender Reputation: Monitor sender reputation and take steps to improve it by ensuring proper bounce handling.
  • MX Records: Ensure the bounce address is a subdomain pointing to MX records of the ESP to process all bounces.
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendPulse explains that specifying the sender's address as the return path can lead to deliverability issues due to the inability to automatically process and remove bounced email addresses from the mailing list, leading to higher bounce rates and potential blacklisting.

October 2024 - SendPulse
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit shares that using the sender's address as the return path clutters the inbox making it difficult to organise replies and bounce emails, and is an organizational nightmare, leading to missed communications and poor inbox management.

January 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum shares that handling bounces correctly is essential for avoiding spam complaints. If bounces are not processed effectively, non-existent email addresses remain on the list, increasing the likelihood of spam complaints and damaging the sender's reputation.

March 2025 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Moosend explains that a poor sending reputation caused by deliverability issues from using the sender's email as the return path will lead to decreased open and click rates.

December 2024 - Moosend
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot shares that a high bounce rate, resulting from improper bounce handling (like using the sender's address as the return path), negatively affects deliverability. ISPs use bounce rates as a key metric to assess sender reputation.

February 2023 - HubSpot
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks points out that the main issue is that the organizational domain is used for the bounce address. If the bounce address would be a subdomain pointing to MX records of the ESP, all bounces can be processed.

December 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor explains that automatically cleaning email lists of bouncing email addresses requires a system that can identify these bounces, which is impossible to do if the sender's email address is used as the return path.

June 2023 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus explains that effective list hygiene is impossible without a proper bounce management system. Directing bounces to the sender's inbox prevents the automatic identification and removal of invalid email addresses, leading to decreased engagement and increased spam complaints.

November 2023 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that using the sender's email as the return path can negatively impact sender reputation, as it becomes harder to differentiate between legitimate replies and bounce messages, hindering effective list cleaning.

February 2024 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign shares that using a dedicated bounce address enables automated list maintenance, which is essential for effective email marketing. Directing bounces to the sender's inbox makes automated maintenance impossible and leads to degraded email performance.

January 2023 - ActiveCampaign
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel's Blog explains that specifying the sender's email address as the return path leads to the actual sender's inbox receiving bounce messages, cluttering it and making it difficult to manage legitimate replies. Proper bounce handling requires a separate bounce address.

April 2024 - Neil Patel's Blog

What the experts say
6Expert opinions

Specifying the sender's email address as the return path is a bad practice primarily because it disrupts proper bounce management. It leads to unhandled asynchronous bounces, meaning the ESP isn't processing failures correctly. This setup gives customers bounces they can't act on and bypasses automated bounce processing, degrading list quality and deliverability. Ultimately, neglecting bounce management harms sender reputation.

Key opinions

  • Unhandled Asynchronous Bounces: The ESP doesn't see/handle asynchronous bounces when the return path is the sender's address.
  • Poor Customer Experience: Customers receive bounces they can't do anything about.
  • Bypassed Automated Processing: Automated bounce processing is bypassed, hindering the identification and removal of invalid email addresses.
  • Degraded List Quality: Failure to properly handle bounces leads to degraded list quality.
  • Harm to Reputation: Not doing bounce management will significantly harm sender reputation.
  • Broken Process: The Return-Path is supposed to be used for automated processing of failures, not a human readable address. By putting the sender's address in the return path the automated process is broken.

Key considerations

  • Fix the Setup: The misconfiguration needs to be investigated and fixed.
  • Bounce Management: Implement a comprehensive bounce management strategy, handling both synchronous and asynchronous bounces.
  • Review Configuration: Carefully review the ESP's configuration to ensure proper bounce handling.
  • Consider Mailbox Provider: Understand how different mailbox providers handle bounces, as the impact can vary.
  • Dedicated Return-Path: Use a dedicated return-path address different from the sender's address for automated bounce processing.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks says that this is a bad setup. It could just be a configuration issue, but it's something to look at and fix.

October 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks confirms that the ESP isn't seeing the async bounces at all.

April 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains the Return-Path: is supposed to be used for automated processing of failures, not to be a human readable address. By putting the sender's address in the return path the automated process is now broken.

September 2022 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that if the ESP is handling 5xx rejections correctly but sending async bounces to the customer, that's really bad because they're not handling bounces properly and the customer gets bounces they can't do anything with.

May 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that generally, not doing bounce management will significantly harm your reputation sooner or later. If they're doing bounce management for synchronous rejections, just not for asynchronous, then it's going to depend more on the details of the mailbox provider. In some cases, it'll be very noticeable to their filters, and in others, not at all.

December 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that specifying the sender's email address as the return path bypasses automated bounce processing, which is essential for identifying and removing invalid email addresses, leading to degraded list quality and deliverability problems.

May 2023 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Specifying the sender's email address as the return path is a bad practice because it disrupts established mechanisms for handling bounce messages and feedback loops. The 'Return-Path' header is designed for automated bounce processing, and using the sender's address circumvents this process, leading to operational issues, difficulty complying with anti-spam regulations, disrupted feedback loops, and potential deliverability issues and blacklisting. A dedicated bounce mailbox is essential for effective bounce management and maintaining a positive sending reputation.

Key findings

  • Circumvents Automated Processing: Using the sender's address circumvents automated bounce processing mechanisms.
  • Operational Issues: Sender's systems might not be equipped to handle high volumes of bounce messages.
  • Anti-Spam Compliance Issues: It becomes difficult to comply with anti-spam regulations.
  • Disrupted Feedback Loops: Using the sender's email disrupts proper handling of feedback loops.
  • Deliverability Issues: It leads to potential deliverability issues and possible blacklisting.

Key considerations

  • Dedicated Bounce Mailbox: Use a dedicated bounce mailbox for effective bounce management.
  • Proper Handling of Feedback Loops: Ensure proper handling of feedback loops to maintain a positive sending reputation.
  • Infrastructure: Utilize dedicated infrastructure for handling bounces and feedback loops.
  • Adherence to Standards: Adhere to email standards like RFC 5321 for proper email handling.
Technical article

Documentation from RFC Editor specifies that the 'Return-Path' header is intended to designate a mailbox to which bounce messages should be sent. Using the sender's actual address can lead to operational issues if the sender's system is not equipped to handle a high volume of bounce messages.

April 2021 - RFC Editor
Technical article

Documentation from Mailgun specifies that dedicated infrastructure for handling bounces and feedback loops is vital for maintaining high deliverability rates. Directing bounces to the sender's inbox bypasses this infrastructure, leading to deliverability issues and potential blacklisting.

May 2023 - Mailgun
Technical article

Documentation from Amazon Web Services specifies that using a dedicated bounce mailbox is essential for effective bounce management. Directing bounces to the sender's inbox prevents automated processing, making it difficult to comply with anti-spam regulations and maintain a clean sending reputation.

March 2022 - Amazon Web Services
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost specifies that proper handling of bounces and feedback loops is crucial for maintaining a positive sending reputation. Using the sender's email as the return path disrupts this process, making it harder to identify and remove problematic email addresses.

August 2022 - SparkPost