Why did my email open rates drop after domain authentication and how to fix it?

Summary

A drop in email open rates post-domain authentication is often multifaceted. A central issue is sender reputation, which may be newly established if you relied on your ESP's reputation before. Technical misconfigurations in SPF, DKIM, and DMARC can trigger deliverability problems. Incorrect IP warming, list hygiene, or content changes can be more apparent after authentication. Rebuilding your reputation might take time, and domain prefetching behaviors can also cause initial drops. Monitor GPMT, whitelist your address, and test sending volumes.

Key findings

  • Sender Reputation Reset: Authentication might reset your sender reputation, requiring you to build it from scratch.
  • Technical Configuration Issues: Incorrect SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records lead to deliverability problems.
  • Improper Warming Practices: Warming IPs or domains too quickly or to the wrong audience can result in blocks.
  • List Hygiene Exposure: Poor list hygiene becomes more evident, reducing open rates significantly.
  • Prefetching Readjustment: Systems may need time to relearn image prefetching behaviors after authentication.
  • Content and Spam Filters: Previously benign content may now trigger spam filters
  • No Silver Bullet: Authentication does not guarantee inbox placement

Key considerations

  • Monitor GPMT: Utilize Google Postmaster Tools to monitor domain and IP reputation.
  • Review Authentication Records: Double-check SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records for accuracy.
  • Whitelist Implementation: Encourage contacts to whitelist your From address.
  • Engagement Review: Monitor engagement metrics to refine sending strategy.
  • Gradual Increase: Gradually increase sending volume during the warm-up period.
  • Practice good list hygiene: Remove unengaged email addresses from your list

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

A drop in email open rates after domain authentication can stem from various factors, primarily revolving around sender reputation, technical configurations, and email content. A key issue is a poor or newly established sender reputation, particularly if you weren't using your own DKIM domain previously. Incorrect IP warming, either too fast or to the wrong audience, can also trigger blocks. Technical misconfigurations, such as incorrect SPF, DKIM, or DMARC records, can lead to deliverability problems. Poor list hygiene, changes in email content triggering spam filters, and changing domain keys without proper warm-up are also contributing factors. Monitoring engagement metrics, A/B testing, and adjusting sending strategies based on these insights are critical for regaining optimal open rates. Sometimes, the domain reputation simply needs to 'catch up' after changes.

Key opinions

  • Sender Reputation: Poor or newly established sender reputation is a primary cause. If you were piggy-backing off your ESP's reputation, authenticating your own domain starts you anew.
  • IP Warming: Incorrect IP warming practices (too fast, wrong audience) can lead to blocks and decreased open rates.
  • Technical Configuration: Incorrect SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records can negatively impact deliverability.
  • List Hygiene: Poor list hygiene becomes more apparent after authentication, leading to lower open rates. Remove unengaged users.
  • Content Triggers: Changes in email content can trigger spam filters, resulting in decreased open rates. Review content.
  • Domain Key Changes: Changing domain keys without warming up your new keys will reduce your reputation impacting on open rates. Suggests a slow warm up process.
  • 20k Deliverability Wall: Some senders experience deliverability problems after hitting the 20k send mark at Google, after authentication

Key considerations

  • GPMT Monitoring: Actively monitor Google Postmaster Tools (GPMT) to assess domain reputation and identify deliverability issues.
  • Whitelist Requests: Encourage contacts to whitelist your From address to improve deliverability.
  • Engagement Monitoring: Monitor open rates, click-through rates, and bounce rates to identify potential issues and adjust strategy.
  • A/B Testing: Utilize A/B testing to optimize subject lines and content and maximize engagement.
  • Gradual Warm-up: Gradually warm up your IP and domain with consistent email sends to build a positive reputation.
  • Sending volume: Keep sending volume consistent and monitor bounce rates.
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailOnAcid shares that after domain authentication, poor list hygiene can become more apparent, leading to lower open rates. They explain that removing inactive subscribers and ensuring your list contains engaged users will improve deliverability and open rates.

June 2024 - EmailOnAcid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet explains that after domain authentication, if your domain reputation is poor, it can lead to deliverability issues and decreased open rates. They share that maintaining a good sending reputation is crucial after authentication, recommending consistent sending volume, monitoring bounce rates, and engaging with subscribers.

July 2022 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus explains that changes in email content that trigger spam filters post-authentication can cause a decrease in open rates. They suggest reviewing content for spam triggers, such as excessive use of certain words or poor formatting.

March 2022 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit user u/EmailExpert shares that incorrect IP warming after authentication or significant changes can negatively impact open rates. They recommend gradually increasing sending volume and monitoring engagement metrics to ensure a smooth transition.

March 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that they've noticed some clients hitting a deliverability wall at Google around the 20K send mark after authenticating, even with previously excellent delivery. They suggest that after a couple hour delay in sending, they don't have any further problems, and that the issue will fall down to your domain reputation and to check GPMT.

November 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor explains that using A/B testing to optimize email subject lines and content can prevent drops in open rates. They recommend testing different elements to determine what resonates best with your audience, especially after making changes like domain authentication.

December 2022 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass explains that monitoring engagement metrics, like open rates, click-through rates, and bounce rates, is crucial after domain authentication. They share that a sudden drop in open rates could indicate deliverability issues, spam filters, or recipient disinterest, and advise adjusting your strategy based on these metrics.

December 2023 - Gmass
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow answers that changing domain keys without warming up your new keys will reduce your reputation impacting on open rates. Suggests a slow warm up process.

October 2021 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that if you weren't sending with your own DKIM domain before and now you are, you didn't have "a high reputation sender" before as you had no reputation for your own DKIM domain and were piggy-backing off the domain reputation of your ESP. Offers the advice to have as many of your contacts whitelist your From address as possible, either manually or by replying.

July 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Webmaster World forums shares that new domains and sender IP addresses are more likely to experience deliverability issues due to a lack of established sender reputation. Davem recommends gradually warming up your IP and domain with consistent email sends to build a positive reputation.

June 2024 - Webmaster World
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sender shares that implementing and correctly configuring sender authentication protocols (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) will improve email deliverability. It is important to make sure everything is configured correctly. Incorrect configuration can lead to issues.

February 2025 - Sender

What the experts say
3Expert opinions

Email open rates may drop after domain authentication due to several reasons. Systems might need time to relearn image prefetching behaviors, especially after changes like moving to new IPs, which can cause a temporary decline. Authentication itself doesn't guarantee inbox placement and can reveal underlying deliverability issues. Being blocked suggests warming up too fast or to the wrong audience, a separate concern from general prefetching adjustments. Overall, authentication reveals and can exacerbate existing issues, requiring constant monitoring and adjustments to email sending practices.

Key opinions

  • Prefetching Delays: Moving to new IPs can cause systems to take time to relearn image prefetching, causing temporary drops in open rates.
  • Authentication Isn't a Fix-All: Authentication does not guarantee inbox placement.
  • Problem Exposure: Authentication reveals and potentially worsens underlying deliverability problems.
  • Warming Issues: Being blocked suggests warming up IPs or domains too fast or to the wrong audience.

Key considerations

  • Patience with Prefetching: Understand that image prefetching adjustments take time after changes, don't panic immediately.
  • Proper Warm-up: Ensure a gradual and targeted warm-up process for IPs and domains.
  • Continuous Monitoring: Continuously monitor deliverability metrics and adjust practices based on results.
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource, Laura Atkins, explains that one potential cause for decreased open rates after authentication (like moving to new IPs) is a period of adjustment while systems relearn prefetching behaviors. She says this can create a temporary panic, but warns that blocks are a different issue potentially caused by warming up too fast or to the wrong audience.

January 2025 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that moving things around (new IPs) can take a while for image prefetching to kick in, which can cause panic due to open rate drops. Also that Blocks are a little different, however, and if you’re being blocked you’re warming up to fast and possibly with the wrong audience.

June 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise Staff, explains that authentication, while essential, doesn't guarantee inbox placement and can sometimes reveal underlying deliverability problems leading to reduced open rates. They say that a problematic sender can be revealed from authentication and that deliverability needs constant monitoring and adjustment.

July 2023 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

A drop in email open rates after domain authentication can be attributed to several technical and strategic factors. Monitoring domain reputation through tools like Google Postmaster Tools is critical. Incorrectly configured SPF and DMARC records can cause deliverability issues. Rebuilding sender reputation after authentication, especially with high sending volumes, takes time. Best practices like proper list segmentation, personalized content, and consistent sending schedules are essential for maintaining high deliverability.

Key findings

  • Domain Reputation Monitoring: Monitoring spam rate, domain reputation, and feedback loops in Google Postmaster Tools is critical.
  • SPF Record Syntax: Incorrect SPF record syntax can cause deliverability problems.
  • DMARC Policy: Incorrect DMARC policy configuration can result in emails being rejected or sent to spam.
  • Sender Reputation Rebuilding: Rebuilding sender reputation after enabling authentication takes time, especially with high sending volumes.
  • Best Practices: Proper list segmentation, personalized content, and consistent sending schedules are necessary for high deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Implement GPMT: Use Google Postmaster Tools to monitor domain health.
  • Validate SPF: Ensure correct SPF record syntax.
  • Monitor and Adjust DMARC: Carefully monitor and gradually implement DMARC policies.
  • Adapt Sending Volume: Adjust sending practices based on sender reputation feedback.
  • Refine Sending Practices: Implement and maintain best practices in email marketing.
Technical article

Documentation from Gmail Postmaster Tools explains that using Google Postmaster Tools is crucial to monitor domain reputation. They share that monitoring spam rate, domain reputation, and feedback loops can help identify issues causing open rate drops after authentication. It further details how to interpret these metrics to improve deliverability.

March 2023 - Gmail Postmaster Tools
Technical article

Documentation from DMARC.org explains that an incorrect DMARC policy configuration after authentication can result in emails being rejected or sent to spam, lowering open rates. They advise careful monitoring and gradual implementation of DMARC policies.

July 2024 - DMARC.org
Technical article

Documentation from Sparkpost explains that maintaining a high deliverability rate involves various best practices, including proper list segmentation, personalized content, and consistent sending schedules. They share that these practices can prevent a decline in open rates after domain authentication.

January 2024 - Sparkpost
Technical article

Documentation from RFC explains that incorrect SPF record syntax post-authentication can cause deliverability problems. It details the correct syntax and usage of SPF records to ensure emails are properly authenticated, preventing them from being marked as spam.

July 2021 - RFC
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft explains that it might take time to rebuild your sender reputation after enabling authentication, especially if you're sending a large volume of emails. This documentation recommends carefully monitoring your sending reputation and adjusting your sending practices accordingly.

April 2022 - Microsoft

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