What is the PSBL (Passive Spam Block List) and how does it work?

Summary

The Passive Spam Block List (PSBL) is a DNSBL listing IP addresses that send unsolicited email to spam traps. While it aims for easy listing and delisting, indicating a 'forgive and forget' approach, its effectiveness and usage by major ISPs are limited, resulting in a minimal deliverability impact for large providers. However, listing on PSBL signifies problems with email sending practices, specifically hitting spam traps and potentially indicating poor list hygiene. It's more likely used by smaller ISPs, so impacts there are more pronounced. Some experts believed it was defunct. Delisting occurs automatically after a period without detected spam.

Key findings

  • Function: PSBL lists IPs sending spam to their spam traps (unsolicited emails).
  • Limited Usage: It is not widely used by major ISPs.
  • Listing Impact: Impact on deliverability is minimal for large providers, but notable for smaller ones.
  • Problem Indicator: Being listed on PSBL means hitting spam traps and possibly having poor list hygiene.
  • Delisting Process: Automatic delisting happens after no spam is detected.
  • Revival: Some experts believed PSBL was defunct or under new management.
  • Easy On/Off: PSBL is designed for easy listing and delisting.

Key considerations

  • List Hygiene: Maintain clean email lists and avoid spam traps.
  • Sending Practices: Follow email best practices to avoid hitting spam traps and being listed.
  • Monitor: Continuously monitor your IPs and domains to check for listings.
  • Smaller ISPs: Pay extra attention to deliverability to smaller ISPs.

What email marketers say
5Marketer opinions

The Passive Spam Block List (PSBL) is a DNSBL that identifies IP addresses sending spam to spam traps. While it has experienced shutdowns and isn't as widely used as other blocklists, it remains active. Listing on the PSBL, while potentially not drastically impacting deliverability across all ISPs, indicates problems with sending practices, especially regarding list hygiene and spam trap hits. Smaller ISPs and email providers are more likely to use the PSBL, making it crucial to maintain good sending practices to avoid listing.

Key opinions

  • Active Status: The PSBL has been active but has experienced shutdowns in the past.
  • Limited Usage: PSBL is not as widely used by major ISPs compared to other blocklists.
  • Smaller ISP Impact: Listing on PSBL is more likely to affect deliverability to smaller ISPs and email providers.
  • Indicator of Issues: Being listed on PSBL indicates problems with email sending practices, such as poor list hygiene or spam trap hits.

Key considerations

  • Monitor Listings: Continuously monitor your IP addresses for PSBL listings.
  • Investigate Issues: If listed, investigate and address the underlying issues with sending practices.
  • Implement Best Practices: Implement and maintain proper list hygiene, double opt-in, and email authentication.
  • Monitor Reputation: Regularly monitor your sending reputation to identify potential problems early.
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that PSBL has shut down at least once in the past and hadn't heard it mentioned for quite some time, but it looks to be up and running now.

November 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from rfc-clueless.org responds that while PSBL isn't a major blocklist, being listed indicates issues with email sending practices and should be investigated.

February 2022 - rfc-clueless.org
Marketer view

Email marketer from mail-server-help.org shares that PSBL is not as widely used as some other blocklists, so being listed on it may not have a drastic impact on deliverability, but it's still important to monitor and address any listings.

July 2021 - mail-server-help.org
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit user explains PSBL is more likely to be used by smaller ISPs and email providers than larger ones. Being listed could affect deliverability to these smaller networks.

February 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow states to avoid PSBL listings, ensure proper list hygiene, implement double opt-in, authenticate email, and monitor sending reputation.

October 2023 - StackOverflow

What the experts say
6Expert opinions

The Passive Spam Block List (PSBL) is a DNSBL that lists IP addresses sending unsolicited emails to spam traps. Listing occurs when spam is sent to these specifically designed trap addresses. While its usage among major ISPs is limited, causing a minimal impact on deliverability for large providers, being listed indicates underlying list hygiene issues and hitting spam traps. PSBL is designed to be easy to get on and off, but consistent listings point to a need to address sending practices. Some believe it was defunct and are surprised it is still in use.

Key opinions

  • PSBL Definition: PSBL lists IPs sending spam to spam traps.
  • Listing Criteria: Primary listing criteria is sending unsolicited email to PSBL spam traps.
  • Limited Impact: Impact on deliverability is relatively minimal as major ISPs don't widely use it.
  • Indicates Problems: Being listed indicates list hygiene issues and hitting spam traps.
  • Easy On/Off: PSBL is designed for easy listing and delisting.
  • Surprise at continued existence: Some experts are surprised it is still in use.

Key considerations

  • List Hygiene: Maintain good list hygiene to avoid hitting spam traps.
  • Sending Practices: Address and improve sending practices if listed on PSBL.
  • Monitor Listings: Monitor listings even if the impact is low.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that they thought it was under new management and admits to not realising it had come back online.

July 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise responds that the impact of being listed on PSBL varies, but because it isn't used by major ISPs as much as other blocklists, the impact on deliverability is usually minimal. However, it still indicates that you are hitting spam traps, which is a problem.

April 2022 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource details that the primary criterion for listing on the PSBL is sending unsolicited email to their spam traps. These are email addresses specifically set up to receive spam, ensuring that only spammers are added to the list.

May 2024 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that PSBL has been around for a long time and involves being listed if you hit their traps. If the listing persists, it indicates list hygiene problems. The list isn't broadly used by many ISPs and its old-school methodology may not be safe for big ISPs, as it could block major webmail providers and bulk sending platforms.

August 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that PSBL (Passive Spam Block List) is a DNSBL that lists IP addresses that have sent spam to their spam traps. It's designed to be easy to get on and easy to get off, reflecting a 'forgive and forget' approach.

August 2023 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks states he was expecting to find it 10 years dead, heh.

September 2022 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

The Passive Spam Block List (PSBL) is a real-time DNSBL that identifies and lists IP addresses that have sent unsolicited email to addresses within the Passive Spam Trap Project. The PSBL uses unadvertised email addresses, or spam traps, to identify senders of unsolicited bulk email. Delisting is automatic after a period without detected spam, the length of which depends on the spam frequency. While its effectiveness can vary, it serves as an indicator of potential spam activity and can help to identify senders with poor list hygiene or compromised systems. The design is easy listing and delisting.

Key findings

  • Real-time List: PSBL is a real-time list of IPs sending unsolicited email.
  • Spam Traps: It uses unadvertised email addresses (spam traps).
  • Automatic Delisting: Delisting is automatic after a period without spam.
  • Indicator: Serves as an indicator of potential spam activity and poor list hygiene.

Key considerations

  • Monitor Listings: Monitor IP addresses for listings on PSBL.
  • List Hygiene: Maintain good list hygiene to avoid spam traps.
  • Address Issues: If listed, address the potential sending problems.
Technical article

Documentation from SURBL states that the PSBL lists IPs that send spam to their traps, which are unadvertised email addresses used to catch unsolicited bulk email.

December 2021 - SURBL.org
Technical article

Documentation from DNSBL.com explains that PSBL is a real-time list of IP addresses that have sent unsolicited email to one or more addresses in the Passive Spam Trap Project. It's designed to be easy to get listed on and easy to get off, encouraging prompt attention to abuse problems.

May 2022 - DNSBL.com
Technical article

Documentation from Spamhaus explains that while PSBL's effectiveness can vary, it serves as an indicator of potential spam activity and helps identify senders with poor list hygiene or compromised systems.

May 2022 - Spamhaus
Technical article

Documentation from URIBL explains that PSBL delisting is automatic after a period of no spam being received from the IP address. The listing duration varies depending on the frequency of detected spam.

June 2024 - URIBL.com