What are the best practices for linking to PDFs in email marketing?

Summary

Linking to PDFs in email marketing involves several best practices spanning deliverability, security, user experience, SEO, and tracking. Experts advise against directly attaching PDFs or linking directly to PDF files due to spam filter concerns and limited tracking. It is preferable to link to a landing page or embed the PDF on a website to provide context, enable better tracking, capture leads, and allow for easy content modification. Security is a major concern, requiring virus scans and consideration of the PDF's source. Accessibility is also vital, involving alt text, document structure, and mobile optimization. Finally, keep the PDF's file size small for faster downloads, and ensure proper MIME type is set for correct rendering.

Key findings

  • Deliverability: Direct links to PDFs and attachments pose deliverability risks due to spam filters.
  • Security: PDFs can contain malicious content, necessitating virus scans and trusted sources.
  • Tracking & Engagement: Landing pages/website embedding enable superior tracking and context compared to direct links.
  • Accessibility: Accessible PDFs with proper formatting are crucial for inclusivity.
  • SEO: Direct links without optimisation negatively affect SEO.

Key considerations

  • Landing Page Strategy: Prioritize linking to a dedicated landing page for enhanced tracking, lead capture, and context.
  • Website Integration: Consider embedding the PDF on a website for improved user experience and control.
  • Security Measures: Implement thorough virus scanning and ensure the PDF originates from a reliable source.
  • Accessibility Standards: Adhere to accessibility guidelines to create inclusive PDFs.
  • Optimization for SEO: Ensure your PDF is optimised so the direct links perform.
  • Performance Optimization: Reduce PDF file size to minimise loading times and enhance the user experience.
  • MIME Type: Verify the correct MIME type (application/pdf) for email client compatibility.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

Linking to PDFs in email marketing requires careful consideration to ensure optimal deliverability, user experience, and tracking capabilities. Experts recommend avoiding direct links to PDFs due to potential deliverability issues and limited tracking. Instead, linking to a landing page containing the PDF is preferred. This enables lead capture, provides additional context, and facilitates more reliable tracking. Additionally, user experience is paramount; PDFs should be mobile-optimized, accessible, and have small file sizes for quick loading. Utilizing URL shorteners can help track direct PDF link clicks, but this method may not be as robust as using a landing page. Finally, PDFs should be scanned for security risks and proper document structure implemented.

Key opinions

  • Deliverability: Direct links to PDFs can negatively impact email deliverability, potentially triggering spam filters.
  • Tracking: Linking to a landing page with the PDF enables more comprehensive tracking compared to direct links.
  • User Experience: Mobile optimization, accessibility, and small file sizes are crucial for a positive user experience with PDFs.
  • Security: PDFs can pose security risks if they contain malware or aren't from trusted sources. Ensure your links are secure and from reputable vendors.

Key considerations

  • Landing Page: Consider using a dedicated landing page for PDFs to enhance tracking, lead capture, and provide additional context.
  • Accessibility: Ensure PDFs are accessible to people with disabilities by using proper alt text, headings, and document structure.
  • File Size: Optimize PDFs for smaller file sizes to improve download speed and user experience.
  • Mobile Optimization: Optimize the PDF for easy viewing and usage on mobile devices.
  • URL Shorteners: URL Shortners can enable tracking for direct links, but are less helpful than dedicated landing pages.
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks advises always linking to a download page due to quirks with direct downloads, especially for interactive PDFs or those containing PII.

October 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit shares that URL shorteners (like Bitly) can track clicks on direct PDF links, even without a landing page.

June 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid stresses the importance of making PDFs accessible to people with disabilities. Use proper alt text, headings, and document structure.

July 2021 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that forcing someone to go to your website connects the cookies, and website download is more reliable tracking than email click.

January 2025 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor advises keeping PDF file sizes small to avoid slow download times. Optimize images and remove unnecessary elements.

December 2023 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from MarketingProfs suggests using PDFs as lead magnets in email marketing campaigns to capture leads and provide valuable content.

March 2023 - MarketingProfs
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailchimp suggests embedding the PDF on a webpage and linking to that page from the email. This method allows for better tracking and control over the user experience.

February 2023 - Mailchimp
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot recommends linking to a landing page with the PDF instead of directly to the PDF. This allows for tracking, lead capture, and providing additional context.

September 2024 - HubSpot
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum suggests that direct links to PDFs can sometimes trigger spam filters. It's better to use a landing page or a reputable file hosting service.

June 2024 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus indicates that PDFs may not render correctly within all email clients. Linking to a webpage ensures a consistent experience.

December 2024 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign recommends considering the user experience when linking to PDFs. Ensure the PDF is optimized for mobile viewing and that the link is clear and easy to find.

April 2024 - ActiveCampaign

What the experts say
5Expert opinions

Experts advise caution when linking to PDFs in email marketing due to potential deliverability and security risks. Email filters often flag PDFs as potential malware conduits. It's generally recommended to avoid attaching PDFs directly to emails or linking directly to PDF files. Instead, create a webpage with the PDF embedded or linked, providing context and allowing for tracking. Using a landing page with clear information about the PDF can also improve trust and engagement. Always ensure PDFs are scanned for malicious content and are from trusted sources. Avoid registration walls before accessing the PDF.

Key opinions

  • Deliverability Risk: Direct links to PDFs and PDF attachments can harm email deliverability due to spam filters.
  • Security Concerns: PDFs can be a conduit for malware, requiring careful scanning and sourcing.
  • Tracking Advantages: Embedding PDFs on a website or using a landing page enables better tracking of user engagement.

Key considerations

  • Landing Page: Utilize a landing page with contextual information about the PDF to improve trust and tracking.
  • Website Embedding: Embed the PDF on a webpage for a better user experience and tracking capabilities.
  • Security Scanning: Always scan PDFs for potential malware before sharing them.
  • Source Reliability: Ensure the PDF is from a trusted source to minimize security risks.
  • Attachment Alternatives: Avoid directly attaching PDFs to emails to minimize deliverability problems and potential surcharges from ESPs.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that mail filters are wary of PDFs because they are a big malware conduit.

December 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that ESPs have a surcharge for attachments, there is a deliverability risk with attachments, and placing the PDF on a website allows for trackable engagement and the ability to change or withdraw it as needed.

July 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that linking directly to PDFs can be problematic for deliverability. They recommend using a landing page with clear information about the PDF content, which can help improve trust and reduce the likelihood of being flagged as spam. This also allows for tracking user engagement.

October 2021 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise responds that PDFs can potentially contain malicious content, although rarely seen. Always scan them before opening or sharing and make sure that the PDF you are linking to is from a trusted source.

May 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that the best options for linking to PDFs are a website that has the PDF in a frame so people can read it online and you can track how long people spend reading, or a website with the PDF (and an explanation). A direct link to the PDF is okay, and the PDF in an email is not recommended. A registration wall between the email and the PDF is not recommended.

September 2021 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Technical documentation emphasizes the importance of security, SEO, and proper handling when linking to PDFs in email marketing. PDFs can contain malicious content, necessitating virus scans and, for sensitive documents, password protection. Direct links to PDFs impact SEO if not optimized; descriptive file names and crawler accessibility are essential. Using the correct MIME type (application/pdf) is crucial for proper rendering and deliverability. Security standards like encryption and digital signatures, as outlined by NIST, should be implemented to protect sensitive data within PDFs.

Key findings

  • Security Vulnerability: PDFs can harbor malicious content, posing a security risk.
  • SEO Impact: Direct links to unoptimized PDFs negatively affect SEO.
  • Rendering Issues: Incorrect MIME types can lead to rendering problems in email clients.
  • Data Protection: Sensitive data within PDFs requires encryption and digital signatures.

Key considerations

  • Virus Scanning: Always scan PDFs for viruses before sharing them.
  • Password Protection: Consider password protecting sensitive PDFs to prevent unauthorized access.
  • SEO Optimization: Optimize PDFs for SEO by using descriptive file names and ensuring crawler accessibility.
  • MIME Type: Use the correct MIME type (application/pdf) for PDFs.
  • Security Standards: Implement security standards like encryption and digital signatures to protect sensitive data.
Technical article

Documentation from RFC specifies the correct MIME type for PDFs (application/pdf) to ensure proper rendering in email clients. Using the correct MIME type improves deliverability.

October 2024 - RFC
Technical article

Documentation from NIST outlines security standards for PDF documents, including encryption and digital signatures. Implement these standards to protect sensitive data.

October 2021 - NIST
Technical article

Documentation from Adobe explains that PDFs can contain malicious content, so it's crucial to scan them for viruses before sharing them. Consider password protecting sensitive PDFs.

May 2021 - Adobe
Technical article

Documentation from Google Search Central indicates that linking to PDFs directly can impact SEO if the PDF content is not optimized. Use descriptive file names and ensure the PDF is accessible to search engine crawlers.

June 2021 - Google Search Central