How to handle false positive reports from Netcraft and typo-squatting spam traps?

Summary

Handling false positive reports from Netcraft and typo-squatting spam traps requires a comprehensive approach. Identifying suspicious domains and scrutinizing sign-up legitimacy, especially IP addresses, is crucial. Proactive measures include setting up typo-squatting domains, strict input validation, confirmed opt-in (COI), regular sunsetting of inactive subscribers, and careful content review for spam triggers. Understanding how security services like Netcraft, Spamhaus, Google Safe Browsing, and Microsoft SmartScreen operate is vital for preventing misclassification. Reactive measures involve establishing whitelisting processes and promptly addressing complaints, building rapport with reporting organizations, and understanding the ever-present threat of malicious actors.

Key findings

  • Domain Validation: Domains resembling common typos are often linked to spam traps and should be treated with suspicion; use a 'bad domain' list.
  • Input Validation: Implement strict input validation on email signup forms, including real-time suggestions.
  • Subscriber Management: Regularly sunset inactive subscribers and use confirmed opt-in (COI) to minimize spam trap exposure.
  • Reputation Monitoring: Monitor domain and IP reputation using tools to detect and address listing that can assist in dealing with the fall out from false positive.
  • Understanding Security Services: Understand how Netcraft, Spamhaus, Google Safe Browsing, and Microsoft SmartScreen identify and flag potentially malicious content.
  • Proactive Monitoring: Monitor for common typos of your domain to catch errant traffic and potential abuse by typo-squatting spam traps.

Key considerations

  • Complaint Handling: Be prepared to handle complaints promptly and effectively, with resources for incorrectly classified users.
  • Reporting Organization Contact: Contact reporting organizations (e.g., Netcraft) to dispute false positives, providing evidence of legitimate practices.
  • Typo Squatting Defense: Set up typo-squatting domains to intercept misdirected emails and prevent spam trap exposure.
  • Defense Mindset: Acknowledge the existence of malicious actors and implement proactive security measures, with understanding of double-opt in weaknesses.
  • AWS' Complaint Handling: AWS recommends promptly addressing bounces and complaints, even if suspected false positives, to maintain a positive sender reputation.
  • Spamhaus' Data Sources: Spamhaus relies on honeypots, spam traps, and user-submitted reports to identify and track spam sources.
  • IP Address Validation: The IP address of email confirmation clicks should be scrutinized, as atypical IPs may indicate automated or malicious activity.

What email marketers say
10Marketer opinions

Handling false positive reports from Netcraft and typo-squatting spam traps involves a multi-faceted approach. Proactive measures include typo-squatting domain monitoring, strict input validation on signup forms, regularly sunsetting inactive subscribers, and using confirmed opt-in (COI). Reviewing email content for spam triggers and monitoring domain/IP reputation are also crucial. Reactive steps involve establishing whitelisting processes for falsely flagged recipients and contacting reporting organizations like Netcraft to dispute false positives. Building a rapport with reporting organizations can be beneficial in resolving issues.

Key opinions

  • Proactive Monitoring: Monitor for common typos of your domain to catch errant traffic and potential abuse by typo-squatting spam traps.
  • Input Validation: Implement strict input validation on email signup forms, including real-time validation and suggestions, to minimize typo-related submissions.
  • Subscriber Management: Regularly sunset inactive subscribers to reduce sending to recycled spam traps or typo domains, decreasing the risk of false positives.
  • Opt-in Process: Use confirmed opt-in (COI) to reduce the likelihood of spam traps or typo domains subscribing and provide evidence of consent.
  • Content Review: Carefully review email content for spammy trigger words or phrases to avoid being flagged as spam.
  • Reputation Monitoring: Monitor domain and IP reputation using tools to detect and address listings that can assist in dealing with the fall out from false positives.

Key considerations

  • Whitelisting Process: Implement a process for recipients to easily whitelist their domain/email address if falsely flagged, using forms or direct contact.
  • Reporting Organization Contact: Contact reporting organizations like Netcraft directly to dispute false positives and provide evidence of legitimate email practices; build rapport.
  • Typo Monitoring: Set up typo-squatting domains to catch emails sent to common misspellings of your domain to control spam and prevent issues.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Vendor Blog recommends regularly sunsetting inactive subscribers to reduce the chances of sending to recycled spam traps or typo domains which lowers the risk of false positives.

March 2023 - Email Vendor Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit suggests proactively monitoring for common typos of your domain and setting up redirects or sinkholes. This allows you to catch errant traffic and potentially identify abuse.

December 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Deliverability Forum recommends implementing a process for recipients to easily whitelist their domain or email address if they're falsely flagged. This could involve a simple form or direct contact.

October 2022 - Email Deliverability Forum
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares experience of Netcraft using typo trap data to search for phishing/abuse with false positives, tagging non-malicious messages as phish. Recommends auditing address collection mechanisms and being aggressive at sunsetting inactives to reduce exposure to typo domains/traps.

January 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Quora recommends contacting the reporting organization (e.g., Netcraft) directly to dispute the false positive and provide evidence of legitimate email practices. Build rapport with these organisations.

September 2024 - Quora
Marketer view

Email marketer from Stack Overflow recommends implementing strict input validation on email signup forms to minimize typo-related submissions. This includes real-time validation and suggesting corrections.

December 2022 - Stack Overflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from Review Blog suggests carefully reviewing email content to identify and remove any potentially spammy trigger words or phrases that could increase the likelihood of being flagged. Also implement a double opt-in process.

January 2023 - Review Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from User forum shares insight on monitoring domain and IP reputation using tools to detect and address listing that can assist in dealing with the fall out from false positive

December 2022 - User forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from LinkedIn shares that using confirmed opt-in (COI) will help reduce the likelyhood of false positives. A user confirming to a subscription reduces the possibility that a spam trap or typo domain will subscribe. COI will also help with evidence that you have consent.

August 2021 - LinkedIn
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks says that they deal with <http://gmai.com|gmai.com> a lot on a daily basis and it's users simply mistyping their email address when sending emails.

February 2024 - Email Geeks

What the experts say
5Expert opinions

Handling false positive reports and typo-squatting spam traps involves understanding the landscape and implementing both preventative and responsive measures. Suspicious domains like 'gmai.com' should be flagged, and the legitimacy of sign-ups should be scrutinized, especially regarding IP addresses. Proactive measures such as setting up typo-squatting domains to capture misdirected emails are crucial. Responsiveness to complaints and providing resources to assist users who believe they've been incorrectly classified are equally important, alongside the broader recognition that malicious actors exist and require a defensive approach.

Key opinions

  • Domain Suspicion: Domains resembling common typos (e.g., gmai.com) are often linked to spam traps and should be treated with suspicion, potentially added to a 'bad domain' list.
  • IP Address Validation: The IP address of email confirmation clicks should be scrutinized, as atypical IPs may indicate automated or malicious activity.
  • Typo-Squatting Domains: Setting up typo-squatting domains is crucial to catch emails sent to common misspellings of your domain, preventing them from falling into spam traps.
  • Malicious Actors: Malicious actors are ever-present, requiring a defensive mindset and proactive security measures.

Key considerations

  • Legitimacy of Sign-ups: Double opt-in may not always be foolproof; investigate the origin and behavior of suspicious subscribers.
  • Complaint Handling: Be prepared to handle complaints promptly and effectively, providing resources to assist users who believe they have been incorrectly classified.
  • Defensive Programming: Implement defensive programming practices to mitigate the impact of malicious actors and unexpected issues.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that the <http://gmai.com|gmai.com> domain looks suspicious, identifying it as a MX used for parked domains and often used as spamtraps, and advises putting it on a "bad domain" list. Mentions that typoed email address may lead to recipient signing up correctly.

October 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Spamresource shares insights into being responsive and proactive when handling complaints, detailing to have resources to support users that have issues around deliverability such as false postives. Have methods to quickly help a user that believes they have been incorrectly classified.

June 2024 - Spamresource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests the user got bit by someone playing silly buggers with a spamtrap domain or the list isn’t as double opt-in as thought. Recommends checking the IP address of the confirmation click, as it likely came from a security device or didn’t actually come from a typical consumer broadband IP address.

September 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that one of the key strategies is to set up typo-squatting domains so that emails sent to common misspellings of your domain are caught by you, and not a spam trap. Also explains about content filters and how these are used to catch spam.

January 2022 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks states that there will always be malicious actors on the internet who will try to hurt and destroy products and individuals and recommends programming defensively.

January 2023 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

Handling false positive reports and typo-squatting spam traps involves understanding how various security services identify and flag potentially malicious content. Netcraft proactively searches for phishing and online fraud using automated systems and manual analysis. Spamhaus uses honeypots, spam traps, and user reports to track spam sources. AWS emphasizes promptly addressing bounces and complaints, even if suspected false positives. Google Safe Browsing identifies malicious websites, including phishing sites. Microsoft SmartScreen analyzes websites for suspicious characteristics. Understanding these different methodologies can help troubleshoot and prevent false positives.

Key findings

  • Netcraft's Approach: Netcraft employs a combination of automated systems and manual analysis to detect phishing attacks and online fraud.
  • Spamhaus' Data Sources: Spamhaus relies on honeypots, spam traps, and user-submitted reports to identify and track spam sources.
  • AWS' Complaint Handling: AWS recommends promptly addressing bounces and complaints, even if suspected false positives, to maintain a positive sender reputation.
  • Google Safe Browsing Criteria: Google Safe Browsing identifies and flags malicious websites, including phishing sites, using specific criteria.
  • Microsoft SmartScreen Analysis: Microsoft SmartScreen analyzes websites and content for suspicious characteristics to protect users from phishing attacks.

Key considerations

  • Methodology Awareness: Understanding the methodologies used by different security services (Netcraft, Spamhaus, Google, Microsoft) is crucial for troubleshooting false positives.
  • Proactive Log Review: Regularly reviewing logs and taking appropriate action based on bounce and complaint data is essential for maintaining a good sender reputation on AWS and other platforms.
  • Accurate Classification: Understanding each security service's criteria can prevent legitimate content from being misclassified as malicious.
Technical article

Documentation from Google Safe Browsing outlines how they identify and flag malicious websites, including phishing sites. Understanding their criteria can help prevent your legitimate content from being misclassified.

August 2021 - Google
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft SmartScreen explains how they protect users from phishing attacks by analysing websites and content for suspicious characteristics. It will let you understand how their filters work to prevent false positives.

June 2024 - Microsoft
Technical article

Documentation from Netcraft details how they proactively search for phishing attacks and other online fraud, using a combination of automated systems and manual analysis. They validate and report confirmed instances to relevant authorities.

August 2022 - Netcraft
Technical article

Documentation from AWS explains that promptly addressing bounces and complaints, even if suspected false positives, helps maintain a positive sender reputation. They advise reviewing logs and taking appropriate action.

November 2021 - AWS Documentation
Technical article

Documentation from Spamhaus explain they use honeypots, spam traps, and user-submitted reports to identify and track spam sources. Understanding their data collection helps to troubleshoot potential false positives.

November 2023 - Spamhaus