How should one-click unsubscribe links handle GET vs POST requests?

Summary

The prevailing guidance from experts, marketers, and documentation sources is to avoid direct GET requests for one-click unsubscribe links due to the high risk of unintended unsubscriptions. GET requests can be triggered by automated systems, bots, and email client pre-fetching, leading to accidental opt-outs. The recommended approach involves using POST requests, often coupled with a confirmation page, to ensure the unsubscribe action is intentional and user-initiated. Many sources advocate for a confirmation page, implying POST for the ultimate action. Double opt-out mechanisms are also encouraged by some platforms for increased user control. The RFC 8058 specifically recommends POST requests for one-click unsubscribe.

Key findings

  • Avoid Direct GET: Direct GET requests for one-click unsubscribes are strongly discouraged.
  • POST for Action: Use POST requests to execute the actual unsubscribe action for greater security and control.
  • Confirmation Page: Implement a confirmation page as an intermediary step to verify user intent before unsubscribing.
  • RFC 8058 Recommendation: RFC 8058 specifically recommends HTTP POST for implementing one-click unsubscribe.
  • Double Opt-Out Option: Consider implementing a double opt-out option for enhanced user control.

Key considerations

  • Bot Interaction: Be aware of bot activity and how it may interact with unsubscribe links, triggering unintended opt-outs.
  • Automated Systems: Automated email clients or security checkers may follow GET requests, unintentionally unsubscribing users.
  • User Experience: Provide a clear and easy-to-understand unsubscribe process for a positive user experience.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Comply with all applicable email marketing regulations regarding unsubscribe mechanisms.
  • M3AAWG Guidelines: Consider the M3AAWG guidelines regarding unsubscribe mechanisms and image loading.

What email marketers say
10Marketer opinions

The overwhelming consensus from email marketers is to avoid using GET requests for one-click unsubscribe links. GET requests are prone to being triggered by automated systems, bots, and email client pre-fetching, leading to unintended unsubscriptions. The recommended approach is to use POST requests, often in conjunction with a confirmation page, to ensure that the unsubscribe action is intentional and user-initiated. Double opt-out mechanisms are also encouraged to further mitigate accidental opt-outs.

Key opinions

  • Avoid GET: GET requests for unsubscribe links can lead to unintended unsubscriptions due to automated systems.
  • Use POST: POST requests provide a more secure and intentional opt-out process.
  • Confirmation Page: A confirmation page following the unsubscribe link is recommended to verify user intent.
  • Double Opt-Out: Implementing a double opt-out process provides an additional layer of protection against accidental unsubscriptions.

Key considerations

  • Email Client Behavior: Different email clients may handle GET requests differently, potentially leading to unexpected behavior.
  • Compliance: Adhering to best practices for unsubscribe handling is crucial for maintaining a good sender reputation and complying with regulations.
  • User Experience: A clear and easy-to-understand unsubscribe process improves user experience and reduces frustration.
  • Bot Activity: Unsubscribe links should be protected against bots and automated systems which may cause accidental removal.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor indirectly supports the use of POST via a confirmation page and best practice. They recommend enabling double opt out so that users have to re-confirm this is what they want to do.

August 2023 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet explains the need to adhere to best practice and strongly recommend POST requests over GET requests to ensure unintended users do not get opted out.

January 2025 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit shares that using GET requests can lead to accidental unsubscriptions when email clients pre-fetch links. They suggest always using POST requests with a confirmation page to ensure the user intended to unsubscribe.

October 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Deliverability blog shares that GET requests can be followed by bots which would result in unsubscribes.

March 2024 - Email Deliverability blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus recommends providing a clear and accessible unsubscribe link, leading to a confirmation page. They recommend against direct GET-based unsubscriptions and implies the need for a POST to confirm the opt-out.

November 2024 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum notes that some email clients might automatically trigger GET requests on unsubscribe links. They recommend using a POST request to a confirmation page to prevent unintended opt-outs.

July 2021 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendGrid emphasizes the importance of respecting unsubscribes. Their guidance indirectly supports using POST requests by recommending a clear unsubscribe process with a confirmation page to avoid accidental unsubscriptions.

April 2023 - SendGrid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid emphasizes the importance of a clear unsubscribe process. While not explicitly discussing GET vs. POST, their guidance suggests that an unsubscribe process should involve a confirmation step, pointing towards POST requests being more appropriate for final unsubscription.

November 2022 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Stack Overflow advises against using GET requests for unsubscribe links. They explain that GET requests can be triggered by various automated systems and could lead to unintended unsubscriptions. POST requests are better suited to prevent such issues.

February 2024 - Stack Overflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot advises on having a double opt out for users, and recommends that the end point for opting out requires confirmation and is not just a GET request.

August 2024 - HubSpot

What the experts say
3Expert opinions

Experts recommend avoiding GET requests for one-click unsubscribe links due to the risk of accidental unsubscriptions caused by automated systems or pre-fetching. Instead, the unsubscribe link (triggered by a GET request) should lead to a page where the user is given the opportunity to confirm their choice. The actual unsubscription action should then be handled by a POST request, ensuring intentionality and security.

Key opinions

  • GET for Display: A GET request should lead to a page displaying the unsubscribe option.
  • POST for Action: A POST request should be used to execute the actual unsubscribe action.
  • Prevent Accidental Unsubscribes: Avoiding GET requests for the actual unsubscribe helps prevent accidental unsubscribes.

Key considerations

  • User Experience: Ensure the unsubscribe process is clear and easy for users to understand.
  • Automated Clients: Be mindful of how automated clients might interact with unsubscribe links.
  • Security: Protect the unsubscribe process from malicious or accidental triggers.
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource, referencing M3AAWG documentation, mentions that it is undesirable to require an image load to unsubscribe. Therefore avoid GET requests which may cause issues with automated clients.

July 2024 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that for one-click unsubscribe, utilizing a POST request ensures a more secure and intentional opt-out process, preventing unintended unsubscriptions often associated with GET requests.

December 2021 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that visiting the unsubscribe link in a browser (GET request) should display a page giving the user the opportunity to opt out, it shouldn’t unsubscribe unless it’s a POST request.

September 2024 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Email deliverability documentation emphasizes the use of POST requests for one-click unsubscribe links. RFC 8058 explicitly recommends POST to ensure explicit user intent and prevent accidental unsubscriptions. While some platforms like Mailchimp don't outright ban GET requests, they suggest implementing a confirmation page, implying POST for the actual unsubscribe action. Microsoft and SparkPost also endorse best practices that include POST for final unsubscribe requests to mitigate unintended consequences and comply with regulations.

Key findings

  • POST Recommended: POST requests are the preferred method for one-click unsubscribe to ensure user intent.
  • RFC 8058: RFC 8058 specifies the use of HTTP POST for one-click unsubscribe.
  • Confirmation Page: Even if using a GET request initially, documentation suggests leading to a confirmation page before unsubscribing.
  • Best Practices: Adhering to unsubscribe best practices is essential for maintaining sender reputation and compliance.

Key considerations

  • Accidental Unsubscribes: Using GET requests can lead to unintended unsubscriptions due to automated processes.
  • User Experience: The unsubscribe process should be straightforward and user-friendly.
  • Platform Guidelines: Follow specific platform guidelines and recommendations for handling unsubscribes.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Ensure compliance with relevant email marketing regulations regarding unsubscribe mechanisms.
Technical article

Documentation from Mailchimp explains that the List-Unsubscribe header should contain a mailto: address and/or an HTTP URL. While they don't explicitly forbid GET requests, they imply that URLs should lead to a page where the user can confirm their unsubscription, suggesting a POST request for the final action.

October 2022 - Mailchimp
Technical article

Documentation from RFC Editor specifies that one-click unsubscribe SHOULD be implemented using HTTP POST requests. This method ensures that the unsubscribe action is an explicit intent of the user, mitigating accidental unsubscriptions caused by automated link checkers or crawlers.

December 2021 - RFC Editor
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost notes the need to comply with best practice unsubscribe methods. They strongly recommend using POST for final unsubscribe requests to mitigate against unintended consequences.

December 2023 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft (Sender Support) encourages best practices with handling unsubscribe, this would include confirmation pages, confirmation emails and POST requests.

March 2021 - Microsoft