How long should users be inactive before deleting them from my ESP?

Summary

The provided answers converge on the idea that the optimal time to delete inactive users from an ESP is not fixed but rather depends on several factors, including sending frequency, business model (B2B vs. B2C), the nature of the relationship with subscribers, and engagement strategy. A consistent recommendation is to prioritize list hygiene by regularly removing unengaged subscribers to maintain deliverability, improve engagement rates, and reduce costs. Implementing a re-engagement campaign before removing subscribers is also a widely supported practice. Several sources suggest segmenting lists based on engagement levels to personalize communication and identify subscribers for removal. While specific timeframes vary (3-6 months, 6-12 months, or 90 days), the overarching theme is that a proactive approach to managing inactive subscribers is crucial for a healthy email marketing program. Additionally, a robust suppression list must be maintained.

Key findings

  • Engagement is Paramount: Identifying and managing inactive subscribers based on engagement metrics (opens, clicks, etc.) is crucial.
  • List Hygiene Benefits: Regularly cleaning your email list improves deliverability, engagement rates, sender reputation, and reduces costs.
  • Re-engagement Before Removal: Implement re-engagement campaigns to try to win back inactive subscribers before deleting them from your list.
  • Segmentation for Personalization: Segmenting your list based on engagement levels allows for more personalized communication and targeted re-engagement efforts.
  • Suppression is Mandatory: Maintaining an up-to-date suppression list for hard bounces and unsubscribes is critical.
  • Timeframe is Contextual: The ideal timeframe for removing inactive users depends on sending frequency, business type, and relationship with subscribers.

Key considerations

  • Sending Frequency Impact: The frequency with which you send emails should influence your inactivity threshold (shorter for frequent senders, longer for infrequent senders).
  • Subscriber Relationship: Consider the nature of your relationship with subscribers when determining inactivity (e.g., paying customers vs. free users).
  • Business Model Influence: Your business model (B2B vs. B2C) may affect your approach to managing inactive subscribers.
  • Sunset Policy Implementation: Develop and implement a clear 'sunset policy' to automate the process of identifying, re-engaging, and removing inactive subscribers.
  • Engagement Metric Monitoring: Closely monitor key engagement metrics (opens, clicks, spam complaints, unsubscribes) to identify at-risk subscribers.
  • Re-engagement Campaign Design: Design effective re-engagement campaigns that offer value and incentivize inactive subscribers to re-engage.
  • Unsubscribe Process Ease: Ensure a simple and easily accessible unsubscribe process to minimize spam complaints.

What email marketers say
10Marketer opinions

The responses indicate that there's no single ideal timeframe for deleting inactive users from an ESP. Instead, the optimal duration depends on several factors, including sending frequency, relationship with contacts, business type (B2B or B2C), and engagement strategy. A common theme is the importance of regular list cleaning to maintain good deliverability, engagement rates, and cost-effectiveness. Many sources recommend implementing re-engagement campaigns before removing subscribers and segmenting lists based on engagement levels. Some sources suggest timeframes ranging from 3-6 months for more frequent senders to 6-12 months for less frequent senders, while others suggest 90 days of inactivity.

Key opinions

  • Engagement Matters: Inactive subscribers negatively impact deliverability and engagement rates.
  • Re-engagement First: Implement re-engagement campaigns to win back inactive subscribers before deleting them.
  • Segmentation is Key: Segment your list based on engagement levels to tailor your approach.
  • Timeframe Varies: The ideal timeframe for removing inactive users depends on sending frequency and sales cycle; ranges from 3 months to 1 year.
  • List Cleaning Benefits: Regular list cleaning improves deliverability, engagement, sender reputation, and reduces costs.

Key considerations

  • Sending Frequency: Adjust the inactivity threshold based on how often you send emails (shorter for frequent senders, longer for infrequent senders).
  • Relationship with Contacts: Consider the nature of your relationship with subscribers (e.g., former clients vs. free users).
  • Business Model: Tailor your approach based on whether you're B2B or B2C.
  • Engagement Metrics: Monitor engagement metrics like opens, clicks, and spam complaints to identify inactive subscribers.
  • Sunset Policies: Consider setting up sunset policies within your email programs to automatically identify and manage unengaged subscribers.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sendinblue suggests defining inactive subscribers as those who haven't opened or clicked an email in the last 3-6 months. They explain that once a subscriber meets this criteria, they should be targeted with a re-engagement campaign, and if they still don't engage, they should be removed from the list.

April 2021 - Sendinblue
Marketer view

Email marketer from OptinMonster mentions the importance of removing subscribers to benefit from higher engagement rates, improved deliverability, better sender reputation, and reduced costs.

January 2022 - OptinMonster
Marketer view

Email marketer from Constant Contact explains that email list hygiene is vital for maintaining a healthy email marketing program. They say you should consider removing contacts that have been inactive for six months or more, but also suggest sending re-engagement campaigns.

April 2023 - Constant Contact
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel Digital emphasizes the importance of regularly cleaning your email list. He explains that removing inactive subscribers leads to higher engagement rates, better deliverability, and cost savings by not paying to store and send emails to unengaged users. He doesn't specify a time frame but highlights regular list cleaning is essential.

June 2024 - Neil Patel Digital
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that sending constant messages to contacts that haven't engaged in even 12 months can cause problems, depending on the percentage of your overall list they make up. If free users are not active on your platform for X days then you need to segment them into a win-back flow that will ultimately result in the a/c being closed and them being removed from further mailings. This is best current practice, however not everyone does it. Those that don't often end up with expensive problems to solve.

January 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid suggests using segmentation based on engagement levels. They explain creating segments for highly engaged, moderately engaged, and unengaged subscribers and tailoring your approach accordingly. Subscribers in the unengaged segment who don't respond to re-engagement efforts should be considered for removal.

August 2023 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot recommends implementing re-engagement campaigns before removing inactive subscribers. They explain that a well-designed re-engagement campaign can win back subscribers who may have simply become disengaged due to overflowing inboxes or changing interests. They highlight that removing subscribers should be a last resort after re-engagement efforts have failed.

December 2024 - HubSpot
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign shares that the length of time you wait to clean out unengaged subscribers depends on your sending frequency and sales cycle, but on average, you should remove people who have not engaged with your emails within the last 90 days.

September 2022 - ActiveCampaign
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit suggests the timeframe for defining an inactive user depends on how frequently you send emails. If you email daily, 3 months of inactivity might be enough. If you email monthly, 6-12 months might be more appropriate. They explain that the goal is to identify users who are unlikely to engage with your emails in the future.

March 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from MarketingProfs outlines several signs of email fatigue that might indicate a subscriber is becoming inactive, including decreased open rates, increased spam complaints, and a rise in unsubscribes. They highlight that monitoring these metrics can help identify at-risk subscribers before they become completely inactive and need to be removed.

July 2021 - MarketingProfs

What the experts say
1Expert opinion

Laura Atkins from Word to the Wise highlights the importance of a clean email list for deliverability, focusing on engagement-based segmentation and valuable content for active subscribers. While a specific timeframe for deleting inactive users isn't given, the guidance implies their removal after failed re-engagement efforts and emphasizes honoring unsubscribe requests, as unengaged users become spam complainers.

Key opinions

  • Clean List is Crucial: Maintaining a clean email list is essential for optimal deliverability.
  • Engagement Segmentation: Segmenting subscribers based on engagement levels is key to targeted content delivery.
  • Re-engagement is Implied: Inactive users should be removed after re-engagement attempts fail.
  • Unsubscribes Matter: Honoring unsubscribe requests promptly prevents spam complaints.

Key considerations

  • Content Value: Focus on delivering valuable content to engaged subscribers.
  • Re-engagement Strategy: Implement a clear re-engagement strategy for inactive users before removal.
  • Unsubscribe Process: Ensure a seamless and easily accessible unsubscribe process.
  • Spam Complaint Risk: Recognize that unengaged users are more likely to mark emails as spam.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise (Laura Atkins) emphasizes that maintaining a clean email list is crucial for deliverability. While she doesn't provide a specific timeframe for deleting inactive users, she suggests creating segments based on engagement and focusing on sending valuable content to active subscribers. She also highlights the importance of having a clear unsubscribe process and honoring unsubscribe requests promptly, because unengaged users become spam complainers. This implies removing unengaged subscribers after re-engagement attempts fail.

February 2023 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Email platform documentation emphasizes identifying inactive subscribers based on engagement metrics and the importance of list hygiene for maintaining a good sender reputation and deliverability. Mailchimp suggests a removal timeframe of 6-12 months, depending on sending frequency and business type, preceded by a re-engagement email. Klaviyo advocates for using a 'sunset policy' to automate the process of identifying, re-engaging, and potentially removing unengaged subscribers using sunset flows. SparkPost highlights the general importance of removing inactive users to reduce the likelihood of hitting spam traps. AWS focuses on suppression lists, advising that hard bounces and manual unsubscribes should automatically be added to ensure they are never emailed again, which increases sender reputation.

Key findings

  • Engagement as Indicator: Inactive subscribers should be identified based on engagement metrics like opens and clicks.
  • List Hygiene Impact: Regular list hygiene is crucial for maintaining sender reputation and deliverability.
  • Re-engagement Recommended: Sending a final re-engagement email before removing inactive subscribers is a common best practice.
  • Sunset Policies Automation: Automated sunset policies streamline the process of managing unengaged subscribers.
  • Suppression List Practices: Hard bounces and manual unsubscribes should automatically be added to a suppression list.

Key considerations

  • Inactivity Timeframe: Determine an appropriate inactivity timeframe based on sending frequency and business type (Mailchimp suggests 6-12 months).
  • Sunset Flow Criteria: Define clear criteria for identifying unengaged subscribers for your sunset flow (Klaviyo).
  • Re-engagement Design: Design effective re-engagement campaigns to win back inactive subscribers.
  • Spam Trap Avoidance: Prioritize removing inactive addresses to minimize the risk of hitting spam traps (SparkPost).
  • Suppression List Management: Maintain a robust suppression list to prevent sending to invalid or unsubscribed addresses (AWS).
Technical article

Documentation from Mailchimp advises identifying inactive subscribers based on engagement metrics like opens and clicks. They explain that after a certain period of inactivity (often 6-12 months, depending on the sending frequency and business type), these subscribers should be considered for removal. They also recommend sending a final re-engagement email before unsubscribing them.

April 2023 - Mailchimp
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost highlights the importance of list hygiene for deliverability. They explain that regularly removing inactive subscribers helps maintain a good sender reputation, as it reduces the likelihood of sending to spam traps or users who report emails as spam. They do not provide a specific timeline for removing inactive users, but emphasis cleaning inactive addresses.

December 2024 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from AWS highlights the importance of suppression lists and addresses best practices. AWS recommends automatically adding to your suppression list (do not email again) all addresses that hard bounce or manually unsubscribed. AWS details automatically doing this will improve your sender reputation.

January 2022 - AWS
Technical article

Documentation from Klaviyo focuses on using a 'sunset policy'. They explain the importance of automatically identifying and removing unengaged subscribers using a sunset flow. Klaviyo allows you to define criteria for unengaged subscribers and then automatically move them into a sunset flow to try and re-engage them before removing from your lists.

October 2024 - Klaviyo