Do long URLs affect email spam filtering?

Summary

While long URLs are generally not a primary cause for emails being marked as spam, they can contribute to a higher spam score, especially if they contain unusual characters, excessive parameters, or personally identifiable information (PII). The reputation of the domain within the URL and the relevance/trustworthiness of the linked content are more critical factors. Email authentication protocols (DKIM, SPF) help establish trust, independent of URL length. Using URL shorteners can be a solution, but branded or reputable short domains are preferred. Monitoring how ESPs rewrite URLs is also important. The potential for reverse-engineering and creating malicious URLs is another consideration.

Key findings

  • Length Not Primary Trigger: URL length itself is not the main reason for emails being marked as spam.
  • Suspicious Characteristics: Long URLs with unusual characters, excessive parameters, or PII raise red flags.
  • Domain Reputation Key: The reputation of the domain within the URL is crucial for deliverability.
  • Content Relevance Matters: The relevance and trustworthiness of the linked content influence spam filtering.
  • Authentication Boosts Trust: DKIM and SPF enhance email deliverability by authenticating the sender, independent of URL length.
  • Security Risks: Long URLs can pose security risks due to the potential for reverse-engineering and malicious use.

Key considerations

  • Keep URLs Concise: Minimize URL length to reduce suspicion from spam filters.
  • Protect PII: Avoid including PII or email addresses within URLs.
  • Use Reputable Domains: Prioritize URLs from reputable domains with good sending reputations.
  • Implement Email Authentication: Implement DKIM and SPF records to validate sender identity and improve deliverability.
  • Choose URL Shorteners Wisely: If using URL shorteners, opt for branded or reputable services.
  • Monitor ESP Rewrites: Check how ESPs rewrite URLs to ensure they remain concise and don't add suspicious elements.
  • Consider Security Implications: Evaluate the potential security implications of long URLs.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

While URL length is not a primary trigger for spam filters, excessively long, obfuscated, or parameterized URLs can raise suspicion and contribute to a higher spam score. The reputation of the domain within the URL and the relevance of the content are more critical factors. Using URL shorteners can help, but branded or reputable short domains are preferred over generic ones. Checking how ESPs rewrite URLs is also advisable.

Key opinions

  • Length Isn't Primary: URL length, by itself, is not the main determinant of whether an email is marked as spam.
  • Suspicious URLs: Excessively long URLs with unusual characters or encodings can appear suspicious to spam filters.
  • Domain Reputation: The reputation of the domain used in the URL is more important than the length of the URL itself.
  • Content Relevance: The relevance and trustworthiness of the content linked to by the URL influence spam filtering.
  • ESP Rewriting: Email Service Providers (ESPs) often rewrite URLs for tracking, which can affect the final URL length.

Key considerations

  • Keep URLs Concise: Aim to keep URLs as short and clean as possible to minimize potential spam flags.
  • Use Branded Shorteners: If using URL shorteners, opt for branded ones to build trust and avoid generic, potentially blacklisted services.
  • Check ESP Rewrites: Monitor how your ESP rewrites URLs to ensure they don't become excessively long or obfuscated.
  • Prioritize Domain Reputation: Ensure the domain used in your URLs has a good reputation to improve deliverability.
  • Ensure Content Relevance: Make sure the content linked to is relevant, trustworthy, and aligned with the email's subject.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus reports that URL shorteners can negatively impact deliverability if abused or used with untrusted services. Using a branded short domain or full URLs from a reputable domain is preferred.

July 2024 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from GMass shares that the reputation of the domain within the URL is far more critical than the length. A trustworthy domain will fare better in spam filters, regardless of URL length, while a suspicious domain will struggle even with short URLs.

April 2022 - GMass
Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign shares that while not a direct trigger, very long URLs can appear suspicious. They recommend using concise URLs and prioritizing the reputation of the linking domain to improve email deliverability.

September 2024 - ActiveCampaign
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that while not a definitive spam factor, overly long URLs can contribute to a higher spam score. Using URL shorteners can help, but it's more important to ensure the linked content is relevant and trustworthy.

June 2021 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that HubSpot's tracked links often reach 500 characters without issue. He suggests checking how the Email Service Provider (ESP) rewrites URLs for tracking purposes, as this could significantly alter the final URL length.

July 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit answers in a forum that overly long URLs, especially with lots of encoded characters, look suspicious. He suggests using a URL shortener, especially a branded one, to mask the length and increase trust with spam filters.

October 2021 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot reports that while URL length isn't a primary concern, it contributes to the overall impression of the email. Suspiciously long or obfuscated URLs can raise red flags. Maintaining a good sender reputation and relevant content are more impactful.

April 2023 - HubSpot
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sender.net responds that extremely long URLs can be a red flag for spam filters, making emails appear less trustworthy. They advise keeping URLs as short and clean as possible, preferably under 100 characters, and using a custom domain for link shortening to build trust.

February 2023 - Sender.net
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel explains that while URL length itself isn't a primary spam trigger, excessively long URLs can appear suspicious to spam filters, especially if they're filled with unusual characters or excessive parameters. He recommends keeping URLs concise and using URL shorteners judiciously.

May 2023 - Neil Patel
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow explains that URL length isn't a primary factor, but obfuscated or excessively parameterized URLs can raise flags. Ensuring the domain has a good reputation and the content is relevant is more important.

February 2024 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailOnAcid shares that while URL length is a consideration, the domain reputation and the content behind the link are crucial. A reputable domain with relevant content will pass spam filters more easily than a shortened URL from an unknown source.

August 2021 - EmailOnAcid

What the experts say
5Expert opinions

While long URLs themselves may not be the primary trigger for spam filters, they can contribute to a higher spam score, especially if they contain unusual characters or encodings. The presence of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) or email addresses in URLs can also be problematic. Furthermore, long URLs can raise security concerns, such as the potential for reverse-engineering and the creation of malicious links. Ultimately, the reputation of the domain within the URL is more significant than its length.

Key opinions

  • Long URLs Contribute: Very long URLs can contribute to triggering spam filters, especially with unusual characters.
  • Domain Reputation Matters Most: The reputation of the domain in the URL is more important than the URL's length.
  • PII and Email Addresses: URLs containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) or email addresses can be problematic.
  • Security Concerns: Long URLs can raise concerns about reverse-engineering and creation of malicious links.

Key considerations

  • Minimize Length: Minimize URL length whenever possible to reduce spam scoring.
  • Protect PII: Avoid including PII or email addresses in URLs.
  • Ensure Domain Reputation: Use URLs from reputable domains to enhance deliverability.
  • Consider Security: Evaluate potential security risks associated with long URLs, especially concerning reverse-engineering.
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that very long URLs can be a factor in triggering spam filters, especially if they contain unusual characters or encodings. While not a definitive cause, they contribute to the overall spam score.

March 2021 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks raises a concern about the possibility of reverse-engineering the link to create a malicious URL.

September 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise emphasizes the importance of link reputation. They state that the domain's reputation is more significant than the URL's length. A link from a trusted domain is less likely to trigger spam filters, regardless of its length, whereas a URL from a suspicious domain will likely be flagged even if it's short.

February 2022 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks recalls Google potentially blocking URLs containing email addresses.

May 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks expresses concern about the potential Personally Identifiable Information (PII) present in the lengthy URL.

July 2022 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

While HTTP/1.1 doesn't specify a URL length limit, focusing on server support, Google recommends simple URLs for better crawlability. DKIM and SPF are crucial for email authentication, building sender trust and reducing spam flags, independent of URL length. These mechanisms protect against spoofing and validate sender legitimacy, directly impacting deliverability more than URL length.

Key findings

  • No HTTP Limit: HTTP/1.1 doesn't enforce a maximum URL length, emphasizing server support.
  • Simple URLs for Crawling: Google recommends simple, logical URLs for improved web crawling, indirectly aiding spam filter comprehension.
  • DKIM Authentication: DKIM authenticates the sender's domain, boosting email deliverability regardless of URL length.
  • SPF Validation: SPF validates sending sources, enhancing deliverability and protecting against spoofing, irrespective of URL length.

Key considerations

  • Ensure Server Support: Ensure servers can handle URLs of a reasonable length (at least 255 characters).
  • Keep URLs Simple: Strive for simple and logical URL structures to aid search engine and spam filter understanding.
  • Implement DKIM: Implement DKIM for domain authentication to enhance trust and deliverability.
  • Implement SPF: Implement SPF records to validate sending sources and protect against spoofing.
Technical article

Documentation from Google Search Central shares that, while focused on web crawling, Google recommends keeping URLs simple and logical. Although they don't explicitly mention spam filters, a complex URL structure can make it harder for search engines (and potentially spam filters) to understand the page's content.

February 2025 - Google
Technical article

Documentation from openspf.org explains that implementing Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records to authenticate email sending sources. This improves deliverability by validating the sender's legitimacy, independent of URL length. It protects against sender spoofing.

July 2023 - openspf.org
Technical article

Documentation from IETF explains that HTTP/1.1 doesn't specify a maximum length for URLs but recommends servers should be able to handle URLs of at least 255 characters. However, practical limitations exist due to browser and server implementations. It's about server support more than spam filters

February 2022 - ietf.org
Technical article

Documentation from dkim.org emphasizes authenticating the sender's domain to improve email deliverability. While not directly related to URL length, DKIM authentication helps establish trust and reduces the likelihood of emails being flagged as spam regardless of the URL.

April 2024 - dkim.org