Why is my IP address blocked by Hotmail and how do I resolve it?

Summary

Hotmail blocks IP addresses due to several factors, primarily related to unwanted email and poor sending practices. These include: sending unsolicited emails/spam, poor list hygiene (spam traps, inactive addresses), high complaint rates (aim for below 0.1%, and a 1% rate on SNDS strongly indicates issues), low engagement, and content triggering spam filters. The underlying cause is a poor sender reputation. Resolution involves identifying the root cause (via SNDS, complaint feedback loops, bounce codes, authentication records), fixing the issues (improving list hygiene, permission practices, engagement), stopping sending to Hotmail, requesting delisting after a pause, and slowly resuming sending. Key to prevention is implementing email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), warming up new IPs slowly, segmenting lists by engagement, regular list cleaning/verification, ensuring emails are well-designed and accessible, and actively working to improve engagement rates while decreasing unsubscribe/spam rates. When blocked, email is 100% blocked from delivery.

Key findings

  • Unwanted Email: Hotmail blocks IPs sending mail users don't want, indicating permission/engagement issues.
  • Complaint Threshold: Aim for complaint rates below 0.1%; a 1% rate in SNDS strongly indicates permission or engagement issues.
  • List Hygiene is Critical: Poor list hygiene, including spam traps and inactive addresses, contributes heavily to blocking.
  • Email Authentication: Lack of SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records increases the likelihood of being blocked.
  • Engagement Matters: Low engagement rates lead to poor sender reputation, making it easier to trigger spam filters.
  • Bulk Folder Escalation: Blocks often escalate from emails consistently landing in the bulk/spam folder.
  • Content Matters: Poorly formatted content and spam triggers are more likely to be blocked.
  • Block is Total: When blocked, email is 100% blocked and will not reach inboxes/spam folders.

Key considerations

  • Monitor SNDS: Regularly monitor Microsoft's SNDS to track IP reputation and complaint rates.
  • Clean Your List: Implement a process to regularly clean and verify your email lists.
  • Implement Authentication: Correctly configure SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records for your sending domain.
  • Improve Engagement: Segment your lists and send relevant content to improve engagement rates.
  • Warm Up New IPs: Slowly warm up new IPs to establish a positive sending reputation.
  • Audit Content: Regularly audit email content to ensure it's well-designed, accessible, and free of spam triggers.
  • Stop Sending (If Blocked): If blocked, immediately stop sending to Hotmail addresses.
  • Request Delisting: After a period of inactivity, request delisting from Microsoft.
  • Investigate Root Cause: Determine why the IP was blocked in the first place and take corrective actions.

What email marketers say
9Marketer opinions

Hotmail blocks IPs primarily due to factors indicating unwanted or harmful email practices. These include high complaint rates (aim for below 0.1%), sending unsolicited emails, poor list hygiene (including spam traps and inactive addresses), and content that triggers spam filters. Resolving this requires addressing these issues: implementing email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), warming up new IPs slowly, segmenting lists by engagement, cleaning and verifying email lists regularly, and improving overall engagement rates while decreasing unsubscribe/spam rates. Monitoring complaint rates via SNDS is also critical.

Key opinions

  • Complaint Rates: High complaint rates are a primary driver for Hotmail IP blocks. Aim for a rate below 0.1%.
  • List Hygiene: Poor list hygiene, including spam traps and inactive addresses, contributes to blocking.
  • Permission Issues: An SNDS reporting of even a 1% complaint rate likely indicates permission problems.
  • Authentication: Lack of proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) makes it easier for Hotmail to flag your IP.
  • Engagement Matters: Low engagement rates lead to poor sender reputation, resulting in blocklisting. Focus on improving engagement to avoid spam filters.
  • Content Matters: Poorly formatted content, use of spam trigger words, images with no ALT text, and broken links increase the likelihood of emails being marked as spam.

Key considerations

  • SNDS Monitoring: Regularly monitor SNDS to understand complaint rates and identify potential issues.
  • List Cleaning: Implement a process for regularly cleaning and verifying your email lists.
  • Authentication Setup: Ensure SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are correctly configured for your sending domain.
  • Engagement Strategy: Develop a strategy to improve email engagement, such as segmenting lists and sending relevant content.
  • IP Warm-up: If using a new IP address, warm it up slowly to establish a positive sending reputation.
  • Content Audit: Review email content to ensure is properly formatted, accessible, and free of spam triggers.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus recommends Regularly cleaning and verifying your email lists can help remove invalid or inactive addresses, reducing bounce rates and the risk of being blocked by Hotmail.

October 2023 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares that an SNDS reporting a 1% complaint rate would likely indicate permission issues.

July 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit explains that common reasons for Hotmail blocking include sending unsolicited emails, having poor list hygiene, and triggering spam traps. It's important to ensure subscribers have opted in and that you regularly clean your list.

October 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Deliverability Blog explains that high complaint rates are a primary reason for Hotmail blocking IP addresses. Aim for a complaint rate below 0.1% to avoid deliverability issues.

May 2021 - Email Deliverability Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailGeek shares that implementing email authentication protocols like SPF, DKIM, and DMARC is crucial for improving deliverability and preventing Hotmail from blocking your IP address.

July 2022 - EmailGeek
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass shares The more emails that make it to the spam folder, the more difficult it is to climb out. The key to success is improving engagement rates, and decreasing unsubscribe/spam rates.

June 2023 - Gmass
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum recommends warming up new IP addresses slowly to establish a positive sending reputation with Hotmail. Start with low volumes and gradually increase over time.

September 2022 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet recommends segmenting your email lists based on engagement to improve deliverability. Sending to highly engaged subscribers can boost your reputation and reduce the risk of being blocked by Hotmail.

September 2021 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid answers that Poorly formatted emails or content that triggers spam filters are more likely to be blocked. Ensure your emails are well-designed, accessible, and free of spam triggers.

May 2023 - Email on Acid

What the experts say
6Expert opinions

Hotmail blocks IPs due to sending unwanted mail, leading to poor sender reputation. This often escalates from mail landing in the bulk folder due to inactivity and a lack of engagement. Low engagement, high complaint rates, and poor list hygiene contribute. Resolution involves stopping sending to Hotmail, requesting delisting after a pause, and slowly resuming. Key to prevention and recovery is ensuring permission, improving list hygiene, focusing on relevant content, and investigating the root cause of blocklisting through feedback loops, bounce codes, and authentication records.

Key opinions

  • Unwanted Mail: Hotmail blocks IPs that send mail their users don't want, indicating permission or engagement issues.
  • Bulk Folder Escalation: Blocking often starts with mail going to the bulk folder due to inactivity and lack of user interaction.
  • Low Engagement and Complaints: Consistently low engagement and high complaint rates damage sender reputation and lead to blocking.
  • Blocked Mail is Undelivered: When an IP is blocked, mail is 100% blocked and will not reach the inbox or spam folder.

Key considerations

  • Stop Sending: When blocked, immediately stop sending to Hotmail addresses.
  • Request Delisting: After a pause, request delisting from Hotmail.
  • Gradual Resumption: If delisting is successful, slowly resume sending to Hotmail.
  • Investigate Root Cause: Analyze complaint feedback loops, bounce codes, and authentication records to identify why you were blocked.
  • Improve Engagement: Focus on permission practices, list hygiene, and relevant content to improve engagement and avoid future blocks.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that consistently low engagement rates, high complaint rates, and sending to inactive or invalid addresses lead to poor sender reputation, which results in blocking by ISPs like Hotmail/Outlook. Focus on permission practices, list hygiene, and content relevance to improve engagement.

August 2021 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that Hotmail blocks IPs because they think the IPs are sending too much mail that their users don’t want. Thus, the sender should ensure they have permission to send mail and that users are interacting with it.

December 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise shares that Identifying the root cause of blocklisting is crucial. Investigate complaint feedback loops, analyze bounce codes, and review email authentication records (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) to identify issues like spam traps, compromised accounts, or authentication failures.

August 2024 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks shares that a block is often an escalation from mail going to the bulk folder for a long period. It's important to look at mails that have no activity. ISPs will drop mail into the bulk folder, and if the sender continues sending without changes, the ISP will block it.

June 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks answers that resolving the block requires stopping sending to Hotmail, requesting the block be lifted after a while, and then slowly starting sending again.

October 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks responds if the mail is getting through when blocked, the answer is no, it's 100% blocked.

November 2024 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
6Technical articles

Hotmail blocks IPs exhibiting suspicious activity like spam, unsolicited emails, high complaint rates, spam trap hits, and excessive email volume. Sender reputation is critical; maintain it by practicing consistent sending with engaging content. To resolve a block, identify and fix the underlying issue, then submit a delisting request. Use Microsoft's SNDS to monitor your IP's health. Implementing SPF and DMARC is crucial to prevent spoofing, phishing, and to improve deliverability by authenticating your emails.

Key findings

  • Suspicious Activity: Hotmail blocks IPs due to suspicious activities like spam, unsolicited emails, and malicious activities.
  • Key Metrics: Complaint rates, spam trap hits, and overall email volume are key metrics that contribute to blocking.
  • SNDS Monitoring: Microsoft's SNDS program allows senders to monitor their IP's reputation and identify deliverability issues.
  • Sender Reputation: Sender reputation is critical for email deliverability; engaging content and consistent practices are crucial.
  • Email Authentication: SPF and DMARC records are crucial for preventing spoofing, phishing attacks, and improving deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Root Cause Identification: Identify the cause of the block (e.g., high complaint rates or spam traps) before requesting delisting.
  • Issue Resolution: Fix the underlying issue (e.g., improve list hygiene or sending practices) before requesting delisting.
  • Delisting Request: Submit a delisting request through Microsoft's delisting portal after addressing the underlying issues.
  • Consistent Practices: Maintain consistent sending practices and create engaging content to build a positive sender reputation.
  • Implement Email Authentication: Implement and correctly configure SPF and DMARC records to protect your domain and improve deliverability.
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Support shares that to resolve an IP block, senders should identify the cause of the block (e.g., high complaint rates), fix the issue (e.g., improve list hygiene), and then submit a delisting request through Microsoft's delisting portal.

September 2021 - Microsoft Support
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft SNDS explains that senders can use the Smart Network Data Services (SNDS) program to monitor the health and reputation of their sending IP addresses. High complaint rates and spam trap hits are strong indicators of deliverability issues and potential blocking.

September 2023 - Microsoft SNDS
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that sender reputation is critical to email deliverability. Maintaining a good reputation with mailbox providers like Hotmail requires consistent sending practices and engaging content.

July 2024 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from RFC explains that SPF records can prevent spammers from sending messages with forged From addresses at your domain, protecting recipients from spam and helping improve deliverability.

December 2024 - RFC
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Support explains that Hotmail blocks IP addresses that exhibit suspicious activity, such as sending unsolicited emails, spam, or participating in malicious activities. Factors include complaint rates, spam trap hits, and overall email volume.

November 2023 - Microsoft Support
Technical article

Documentation from DMARC.org explains that setting up a DMARC policy tells receiving mail servers what to do with messages that fail SPF and DKIM checks, preventing spoofing and phishing attacks and improving email deliverability.

September 2021 - DMARC.org