Why is Google Postmaster Tools spam rate higher than ESP reported spam rate?

Summary

The Google Postmaster Tools (GPT) spam rate often appears higher than ESP-reported spam rates due to a multifaceted combination of factors. These include differences in spam rate calculation methods, where Google focuses on complaints from active Gmail users concerning emails delivered to the inbox, while ESPs may use broader metrics. Also, Gmail users are typically more proactive in reporting spam, and Google's algorithms and spam filtering mechanisms tend to be more stringent and sensitive. Additionally, GPT data exclusively reflects Gmail users, exacerbating any Gmail-specific issues. Practices like irrelevant content, high sending frequency, poor list hygiene, and deceptive subject lines can all elevate the GPT spam rate. Consequently, it is critical to monitor GPT data, address content and list management, and adapt sending practices to improve engagement and sender reputation.

Key findings

  • Calculation Differences: Google's spam rate calculation focuses on inboxed mail and active users, differing from standard ESP metrics.
  • User Behavior: Gmail users are more likely to report spam, influencing the overall rate.
  • Algorithm Sensitivity: Google's spam filtering algorithms are often more aggressive.
  • Gmail-Specific Data: GPT data exclusively reflects Gmail users and their behaviors.
  • Reporting Mechanisms: Differences in spam reporting mechanisms cause rate discrepancies.

Key considerations

  • Prioritize GPT Data: If Gmail forms a significant portion of your audience, focus on insights from Google Postmaster Tools.
  • Content Relevance: Ensure content is relevant and avoids spam triggers.
  • List Hygiene: Maintain a clean and engaged email list to reduce spam reports.
  • Sending Frequency: Adjust sending frequency based on user engagement and segment your lists effectively.
  • Monitor Sender Reputation: Regularly monitor sender reputation via Google Postmaster Tools to proactively address issues.
  • Understand Filtering: Acknowledge that Google's filtering differs and requires a tailored approach.

What email marketers say
13Marketer opinions

The Google Postmaster Tools (GPT) spam rate often appears higher than ESP-reported spam rates due to several factors. Firstly, Google's calculation methods differ, focusing on complaints from active Gmail users related to emails delivered to the inbox, compared to ESPs calculating overall complaint rates. Secondly, Gmail users tend to be more proactive in reporting spam, and Google's spam filtering algorithms are often stricter and more sensitive. Factors such as irrelevant content, high sending frequency, and poor list hygiene also contribute to elevated GPT spam rates. Therefore, discrepancies arise from calculation differences, user behavior, and Gmail's distinct spam detection mechanisms. Monitoring GPT is vital for Gmail deliverability, emphasizing the need for optimized content, list management, and sending practices.

Key opinions

  • Calculation Differences: Google calculates spam rate based on complaints from active Gmail users for emails delivered to the inbox, while ESPs use broader metrics.
  • User Behavior: Gmail users are more likely to report spam, and Google's prominent spam button encourages this behavior.
  • Algorithm Sensitivity: Google's spam filtering algorithms are often stricter and more sensitive compared to those used by ESPs.
  • Gmail-Specific Data: Google Postmaster Tools data reflects only Gmail users, so issues specific to Gmail are more pronounced.
  • Lagged Reporting: There may be potential lagged reporting from Google causing spikes.

Key considerations

  • Trust GPT Data: If Gmail represents a significant portion of your audience, prioritize Google Postmaster Tools data for assessing deliverability.
  • Optimize Content: Ensure content is relevant, properly formatted, and avoids spam triggers to reduce user complaints.
  • List Hygiene: Maintain a clean email list by removing inactive or unengaged subscribers to improve deliverability.
  • Sending Frequency: Adjust sending frequency and segment lists to improve user engagement and reduce spam complaints.
  • Monitor Sender Reputation: Consistently monitor Google Postmaster Tools to identify and address potential deliverability issues early on.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus Blog emphasizes the importance of list hygiene for Gmail deliverability. A higher spam rate might indicate a need to clean up your list by removing inactive or unengaged subscribers.

September 2023 - Litmus Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass responds that sending too many emails to Gmail users can lead to higher spam complaints. Adjusting sending frequency and segmenting lists can help improve engagement and reduce spam rates.

April 2022 - Gmass Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendGrid shares that Google Postmaster Tools reflects spam complaints from Gmail users only. If a significant portion of your audience uses Gmail, their behavior will heavily influence the reported spam rate, potentially making it higher than the overall rate reported by your ESP.

December 2022 - SendGrid Blog
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that Google calculates spam rate as # of complaints / # of messages delivered into the inbox, which differs from ESPs that calculate it as # of complaints / # of delivered. He suggests trusting Google's reporting if Gmail represents a significant portion of the audience and to investigate signup sources, consent approach, and list maintenance practices.

October 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel Blog explains that several factors contribute to spam complaints, including irrelevant content, sending too frequently, using deceptive subject lines, and having a difficult unsubscribe process. These factors can lead to higher spam complaint rates in Google Postmaster Tools.

November 2022 - Neil Patel Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet explains that the spam rate in Google Postmaster Tools might be higher due to differences in how Google calculates it compared to ESPs. Google's calculation focuses on users who actively mark emails as spam within Gmail, which can be more sensitive than overall complaint rates.

November 2021 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow suggests that different spam thresholds and algorithms used by Google compared to ESPs can lead to discrepancies. Google's algorithms might be more aggressive in identifying and filtering spam.

March 2023 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that Google calculates spam rates based on "emails that were sent to the inbox for active users," a definition that is not fully transparent. He also notes observing periodic spikes in complaint rates across multiple streams, suggesting potential lagged reporting by Google.

February 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Validity Blog shares that Google Postmaster Tools data reflects only Gmail users and is based on Google's internal spam filtering mechanisms. A higher spam rate can indicate issues with list hygiene, content quality, or sender reputation specific to Gmail.

June 2021 - Validity Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor explains that a high spam rate in Google Postmaster Tools could signal content issues. Sending emails with spam triggers, poor formatting, or irrelevant information can lead to users marking them as spam.

September 2023 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit states that a higher spam rate in Google Postmaster Tools often indicates Gmail users are more likely to mark emails as spam than users of other email providers. This could be due to Gmail's stricter filtering or user demographics.

December 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains that all MBPs calculate spam rates as complaints/inboxed, but the inboxed rate isn't visible. GPT shows the inbox complaint rate, while most ESPs show complaints/delivered.

July 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailGeeks forum responds that Gmail users might be more proactive in reporting spam, leading to higher complaint rates. Also, Gmail's prominent spam button encourages users to report unwanted emails.

April 2023 - EmailGeeks

What the experts say
2Expert opinions

The Google Postmaster Tools (GPT) spam rate often appears higher than ESP-reported spam rates due to Google's unique spam filtering mechanisms and the behavior of Gmail users. Google's internal assessment of spam, as reflected in Postmaster Tools, differs significantly from the metrics used by ESPs. Additionally, Gmail users are highly engaged in reporting spam, and Google prioritizes these user-generated signals, resulting in a higher reported spam rate compared to other email service providers.

Key opinions

  • Unique Spam Filtering: Google's spam filtering methods are unique and reflect an internal assessment that varies from ESP metrics.
  • Engaged User Reporting: Gmail users actively report spam, and Google takes these reports seriously.

Key considerations

  • Understand Filtering Differences: Acknowledge that Google's definition and detection of spam may differ from your ESP's.
  • Address User Signals: Prioritize reducing user-reported spam in Gmail to improve deliverability.
Expert view

Expert from SpamResource explains that Gmail users are very engaged at marking spam as spam, and Google takes these signals seriously which causes a larger spam reporting than other ESPs.

January 2024 - SpamResource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that Google's spam filtering is unique, and the Postmaster Tools spam rate reflects Google's internal assessment. It can differ significantly from ESP metrics due to variations in how spam is defined and detected.

June 2024 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Google Postmaster Tools (GPT) spam rates can be higher than ESP-reported rates due to a combination of factors detailed in documentation from Google, RFC, and SparkPost. GPT calculates spam rate as the percentage of emails marked as spam by users relative to inboxed emails. High spam rates negatively impact deliverability, underscoring the importance of user engagement. Feedback loops help identify problematic campaigns, enabling proactive issue resolution to improve sender reputation. Discrepancies also arise from differences in spam filter sensitivity, user behavior, and spam reporting mechanisms, and a high rate can indicate a deteriorating sender reputation within Gmail.

Key findings

  • Spam Rate Calculation: GPT calculates spam rate based on user-marked spam relative to inboxed emails.
  • Impact on Deliverability: High spam rates negatively affect email deliverability to Gmail inboxes.
  • Feedback Loops: Feedback loops are crucial for identifying campaigns generating high spam complaints.
  • Differing Sensitivities: Differences in spam filter sensitivity and reporting mechanisms contribute to rate discrepancies.
  • Reputation Indicator: Elevated spam rates may signal a deteriorating sender reputation with Gmail.

Key considerations

  • Prioritize User Engagement: Focus on improving user engagement to reduce spam reports.
  • Utilize Feedback Loops: Actively use feedback loops to address and mitigate issues causing high complaint rates.
  • Monitor Sender Reputation: Regularly monitor Google Postmaster Tools to proactively identify and address deliverability concerns.
  • Understand Filtering Differences: Recognize that spam filtering sensitivity varies between Google and other providers.
Technical article

Documentation from RFC-Editor explains that high spam rates compared to ESP metrics can be caused by differences in spam filter sensitivity, user behavior, and spam reporting mechanisms between Gmail and other email providers.

March 2023 - RFC-Editor
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost suggests that a higher spam rate can be an indicator of a deteriorating sender reputation with Gmail. Monitoring Google Postmaster Tools helps identify and address potential deliverability issues early.

December 2024 - SparkPost Documentation
Technical article

Documentation from Google Postmaster Tools Help highlights that using feedback loops helps identify campaigns generating high spam complaints. This data allows senders to address issues proactively, improving sender reputation and deliverability.

March 2022 - Google Postmaster Tools Help
Technical article

Documentation from Google Postmaster Tools Help explains that the spam rate is the percentage of emails marked as spam by users, calculated based on emails delivered to the inbox. High rates can negatively impact deliverability, highlighting the importance of user engagement.

October 2023 - Google Postmaster Tools Help