Why is Gmail showing a warning message despite passing DMARC?

Summary

Gmail may display warning messages despite emails passing DMARC due to a multitude of factors beyond basic authentication. These include DNS issues, sender reputation problems (such as low scores or user complaints), content triggering spam filters, misconfigured or inconsistent authentication records (DKIM, SPF), unusual sending patterns, IP blocklisting, low engagement rates (open and click rates), and discrepancies between authentication and sender reputation. Diagnosing the specific cause often requires using tools like aboutmy.email, Google Postmaster Tools, or deliverability testing platforms.

Key findings

  • Authentication Is Not Enough: Passing DMARC alone does not guarantee inbox placement or prevent warnings. Gmail considers numerous other factors.
  • Sender Reputation is Crucial: Sender reputation is a primary driver of warnings. Factors impacting reputation include user complaints, engagement levels, and IP/domain history.
  • Content Matters: Email content can trigger spam filters and warnings even with valid authentication. Avoid spammy keywords, excessive images, and poor HTML coding.
  • Authentication Consistency is Key: Inconsistent DKIM signatures, SPF alignment issues, and misconfigured records can lead to warnings.
  • Sending Infrastructure Impacts Deliverability: Inconsistent sending IPs, lack of a consistent sending history, and IP blocklisting affect deliverability.

Key considerations

  • Check DNS Settings: Ensure proper DNS configuration and resolve any DNS-related issues.
  • Monitor Sender Reputation: Use tools like Sender Score and Google Postmaster Tools to monitor sender reputation.
  • Review and Optimize Content: Refine email content to avoid triggering spam filters.
  • Verify Authentication Records: Regularly check and ensure correct configuration of DKIM and SPF records across all sending sources.
  • Maintain IP Consistency and Warm-Up: Use consistent and reputable IPs for sending, and gradually warm up new IPs or domains.
  • Monitor Engagement: Track open and click rates to ensure emails are engaging and relevant to recipients.
  • Use Deliverability Testing Tools: Employ deliverability testing tools to identify and resolve potential issues.

What email marketers say
9Marketer opinions

Gmail may display warning messages despite emails passing DMARC due to factors beyond authentication, including low sender reputation, content triggering spam filters, inconsistent DKIM signatures, poor alignment of SPF and DKIM records, inconsistent sending IPs, lack of a consistent sending history, and the overall email engagement.

Key opinions

  • Sender Reputation: Low sender reputation is a major factor. Gmail considers sender reputation even if DMARC passes, so maintaining a good reputation by sending high-quality content and warming up IPs is crucial.
  • Content Issues: Email content can trigger spam filters. Certain keywords, excessive images, or poor HTML coding can lead to warnings.
  • Authentication Alignment: Inconsistent DKIM signatures or misalignment of SPF and DKIM records can cause warnings. Ensuring correct alignment and consistent authentication practices is essential.
  • Sending Infrastructure: Inconsistent sending IPs or lack of consistent sending history can result in Gmail distrusting messages. Using consistent and reputable IPs and gradually warming up new sending sources is recommended.

Key considerations

  • Monitor Sender Score: Regularly check and maintain a good sender score, as it reflects sending reputation.
  • Content Review: Review email content to avoid spam triggers, ensuring clean and engaging content.
  • Check Authentication: Verify DKIM and SPF alignment, ensuring they are correctly configured across all sending sources.
  • IP Consistency: Ensure emails are sent from consistent and reputable IPs.
  • Warm-up IPs: Gradually warm-up new sending sources to establish a good reputation.
  • Use Testing Tools: Utilize deliverability testing tools to identify specific issues and ensure optimal email configurations.
Marketer view

Email marketer from GlockApps recommends using their deliverability testing tool to check for specific issues. The tool can identify if there are SPF, DKIM or DMARC issues or problems with the content.

November 2023 - GlockApps
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks asks if the issue is with Tim Starr's domain and if they are using any inbound filter or SEG that rewrites DKIM or modifies message content.

June 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit suggests checking the alignment of DKIM and SPF records. Even if they technically pass, strict DMARC policies require alignment for full authentication, and misalignment can trigger warnings.

July 2022 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailonAcid mentions that one reason for Gmail warnings despite passing DMARC is that the email content might trigger spam filters due to certain keywords, excessive use of images, or poor HTML coding. Ensuring clean and engaging content is essential.

January 2023 - EmailonAcid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel explains that Gmail may display a warning message if the sender's domain has a low reputation or if the email content triggers spam filters, even with passing DMARC. He advises improving sender reputation by consistently sending high-quality content and warming up the IP address.

February 2023 - Neil Patel
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum suggests that inconsistent sending IPs can sometimes cause Gmail to distrust messages, even if they pass DMARC. Ensuring that you are sending from consistent and reputable IPs is important.

July 2022 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that a common reason for seeing warnings despite passing DMARC is inconsistent DKIM signatures, particularly if multiple sending sources are used. Ensuring all sending domains and IPs are properly aligned with DMARC policies is critical.

June 2023 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sender Score responds that a poor sender score can cause Gmail to display warnings, even if DMARC passes. Sender score reflects your sending reputation, so maintaining good sending practices is crucial.

October 2023 - Sender Score
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus notes that one of the reasons for warnings is the lack of a consistent sending history, particularly if new domains or IPs are being used. Gradual warm-up of new sending sources is recommended to establish a good reputation.

July 2023 - Litmus

What the experts say
4Expert opinions

Gmail may display warning messages despite emails passing DMARC for various reasons. These include DNS failures, inconsistent DNS results, or mail forwarding issues. It's also due to DMARC only verifying sender identity, not email content or sender reputation. Poor sender reputation from user complaints, low engagement rates, and discrepancies between authentication and reputation are also potential causes. Tools like aboutmy.email can assist in diagnosing the specific issue.

Key opinions

  • DNS Issues: DNS failures, inconsistent DNS results, or mail forwarding can cause Gmail warnings.
  • DMARC Limitations: DMARC only verifies sender identity, not content or reputation.
  • Reputation Impact: Poor sender reputation, user complaints, and low engagement trigger warnings.
  • Reputation Discrepancy: Discrepancies between authentication and reputation lead to warnings.

Key considerations

  • Check DNS: Investigate and resolve any DNS failures, inconsistencies, or mail forwarding issues.
  • Monitor Reputation: Actively monitor and improve sender reputation by addressing user complaints and boosting engagement.
  • Diagnose with Tools: Utilize tools like aboutmy.email to diagnose specific issues affecting deliverability.
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that Gmail may show a warning despite DMARC passing because DMARC only verifies the sender's identity, not the email's content or the sender's reputation. Low engagement rates or problematic content can trigger warnings.

July 2021 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise responds that Gmail warnings often occur due to a discrepancy between authentication and sender reputation. Even with correct authentication, poor sender reputation from user complaints or low engagement can trigger warnings.

May 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests using aboutmy.email to diagnose the issue.

July 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks guesses that DNS failures, inconsistent DNS results, or mail forwarding could be the cause of the Gmail warning messages despite passing DMARC.

June 2024 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
5Technical articles

Gmail's warning messages, even when DMARC passes, stem from factors beyond authentication, including unusual sending patterns, user-reported spam, misconfigured authentication records, sender reputation, engagement levels, and IP blocklisting. Gmail algorithms consider these factors to determine the need for warnings. Monitoring Google Postmaster Tools, feedback loops, and IP reputation tools like Microsoft's SNDS is crucial for identifying and addressing deliverability issues.

Key findings

  • Beyond Authentication: Gmail’s warning system considers factors beyond DMARC authentication, such as sending patterns and user feedback.
  • Reputation and Engagement: Sender reputation and user engagement (open and click rates) significantly impact deliverability, even if DMARC passes.
  • IP Blocklisting: IP addresses on blocklists can cause warnings regardless of DMARC status.

Key considerations

  • Monitor Sending Patterns: Analyze and correct any unusual sending patterns that could trigger spam filters.
  • Review Authentication: Ensure authentication records are correctly configured and regularly reviewed.
  • Boost Engagement: Improve email relevance and engagement to increase open and click rates.
  • Check IP Reputation: Regularly check IP reputation using tools like Microsoft's SNDS and address any blocklisting issues.
  • Use Postmaster Tools: Utilize Google Postmaster Tools for detailed insights into deliverability issues and sender reputation.
Technical article

Documentation from DMARC.org details that even if a message passes DMARC, Gmail's algorithms consider other factors, like sender reputation and user engagement, to determine if a warning is necessary. Reviewing feedback loops and postmaster tools can help identify issues.

April 2023 - DMARC.org
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft shares that Gmail's reputation filtering can flag emails if the sending server's IP address is on a blocklist, even if DMARC passes. Regularly check IP reputation using tools such as Microsoft's SNDS.

April 2022 - Microsoft
Technical article

Documentation from RFC 7489 (the DMARC standard) clarifies that while DMARC authentication protects against domain spoofing, it doesn't guarantee inbox placement or prevent warnings based on other factors like sender reputation and email content.

February 2022 - RFC Editor
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that even with passing DMARC, Gmail’s engagement-based filtering means low open and click rates can negatively affect deliverability. Ensure emails are relevant and engaging to improve sender reputation.

September 2022 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from Google Workspace Admin Help explains that Gmail's warning messages can appear even when DMARC passes if other factors like unusual sending patterns, user reports of spam, or misconfigured authentication records are detected. It recommends regularly reviewing Google Postmaster Tools for detailed insights into deliverability issues.

March 2024 - Google Workspace Admin Help