Why are my emails landing in Office 365 spam folders?

Summary

Emails landing in Office 365 spam folders can result from a multitude of interconnected factors, impacting IP reputation, email authentication, content, sender reputation, and list hygiene. Technical implementations like SPF, DKIM, and DMARC play a pivotal role in establishing trust. Maintaining a positive sender reputation through list hygiene and relevant content is crucial. Factors such as blocklisting, spam triggers, and individual recipient behavior also influence deliverability. Analyzing deliverability data, actively managing IP reputation, reviewing content, and aligning DMARC policies are key to resolving deliverability challenges.

Key findings

  • Comprehensive Factors: Numerous factors can cause emails to land in Office 365 spam folders, requiring a holistic approach to troubleshooting.
  • IP Reputation Impact: A poor IP address reputation, stemming from past spam activity or unestablished status, triggers spam filters and reduces deliverability.
  • Authentication Deficiencies: Lack of proper SPF, DKIM, and DMARC email authentication exposes senders to increased spam filtering and compromised deliverability.
  • Content as Trigger: Certain content types, formatting styles, and language usage serve as spam triggers, impacting deliverability.
  • Sender Reputation Significance: Maintaining a positive sender reputation derived from complaint rates, engagement metrics, and bounce rates is vital to bypassing spam filters.
  • List Hygiene Importance: Poor list hygiene contributes to bounces, degrades sender reputation, and increases the likelihood of emails landing in spam folders.
  • Aggressive Filtering: Office 365 filters are known to be aggressive, requiring stringent email practices to avoid spam classifications.

Key considerations

  • Analyze Deliverability Data: Consistently monitor and analyze bounce rates, complaint rates, and engagement metrics to determine the cause of deliverability issues.
  • Actively Manage IP Reputation: Employ strategies for warming up new IPs, monitor IP reputation, and prevent sharing IPs with known spammers to avoid blocklisting.
  • Review Email Content: Scrutinize email content and formatting for potential spam triggers to optimize deliverability.
  • Employ List Hygiene: Clean email lists frequently by removing unengaged and invalid addresses to boost sender reputation.
  • Align DMARC Policy: Ensure complete alignment of DMARC policies with email sending practices, especially when using third-party email services, to avoid blocked emails.
  • Implement Authentication: Prioritize the correct implementation of SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records to ensure the authenticity of outgoing emails and build sender trust.
  • Gather More Data: Avoid making assumptions about deliverability challenges and ensure access to comprehensive deliverability data.

What email marketers say
14Marketer opinions

Emails landing in Office 365 spam folders can stem from various factors. Analyzing bounce and complaint rates, ensuring proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), and maintaining a good sender reputation are crucial. Content that triggers spam filters (e.g., overly promotional language) and a poor IP address reputation can also contribute. Cleaning email lists, monitoring sending IP reputation, and aligning with DMARC policies are essential steps to improve deliverability. It's important to gather sufficient data before making assumptions, and consider that spam filtering can vary between recipients. Email design and being on blocklists are additional points to consider.

Key opinions

  • Sender Reputation: A poor sender reputation, influenced by factors like bounce rates, complaint rates, and low engagement, significantly increases the likelihood of emails being filtered as spam.
  • Email Authentication: Lack of proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) makes it difficult for Office 365 to verify the legitimacy of emails, leading to potential spam filtering.
  • Content Triggers: Certain words, phrases, or email designs (e.g., overly promotional language, excessive use of images) can trigger spam filters and cause emails to be flagged as spam.
  • List Hygiene: Sending emails to outdated or invalid email addresses increases bounce rates, damages sender reputation, and contributes to spam filtering.
  • IP Reputation: A poor IP address reputation, potentially from sharing an IP with spammers or not properly warming up a new IP, can result in emails being filtered as spam.

Key considerations

  • Data Analysis: Thoroughly analyze bounce rates, complaint rates, open rates, and other relevant metrics to identify the root causes of deliverability issues.
  • Authentication Setup: Ensure that SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are properly configured to authenticate your emails and improve sender reputation.
  • Content Review: Review email content for potential spam triggers, such as overly promotional language, ALL CAPS, and excessive exclamation points.
  • List Cleaning: Regularly clean your email list to remove inactive or invalid email addresses and reduce bounce rates.
  • IP Monitoring: Monitor your sending IP reputation using tools like Sender Score and take steps to warm up new IPs gradually.
  • Blocklist Checks: Check if your domain or IP address is on any blocklists and take steps to get removed if necessary.
  • DMARC Policy Alignment: If using third-party sending services, ensure they are properly aligned with your DMARC policy to prevent emails from being blocked.
  • Individual vs. Global Filtering: Recognize that spam filtering can vary between recipients, so a single instance of an email going to spam may not indicate a widespread problem.
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks highlights that just because emails are going to one person's spam folder, doesn't mean it is for everyone (and vice versa).

April 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet Blog shares that maintaining a good sender reputation is crucial for email deliverability. Factors that influence sender reputation include bounce rates, complaint rates, and engagement rates. They recommend consistently cleaning email lists, segmenting audiences, and sending relevant content to improve engagement and sender reputation, thus reducing the chances of emails landing in Office 365 spam folders.

September 2024 - Mailjet Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from GMass explains that a strict DMARC policy (e.g., p=reject) can cause emails to be blocked if they fail SPF or DKIM checks. If using third-party sending services, ensure they are properly aligned with your DMARC policy. A misconfigured DMARC policy can inadvertently send legitimate emails to the spam folder in Office 365.

January 2024 - GMass Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Marketing Forum mentions that high bounce rates are a major red flag for spam filters. Sending to outdated or invalid email addresses significantly damages sender reputation. Regular list cleaning and using double opt-in methods can reduce bounce rates and improve deliverability to Office 365 inboxes.

September 2022 - Email Marketing Forum
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks says that more data is needed, and not to make assumptions about the cause.

July 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from ZeroBounce shares that if your domain or IP is on a blocklist, your emails are likely to land in the spam folder. They recommend checking your domain and IP against common blocklists and taking steps to get removed if you find yourself listed.

March 2022 - ZeroBounce Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus recommends regularly cleaning your email list to remove inactive or invalid addresses. This helps to improve your sender reputation and reduce the likelihood of your emails landing in the spam folder in Office 365.

July 2022 - Litmus Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sendinblue Blog explains that a poor IP address reputation can cause emails to be filtered as spam. Sharing an IP with spammers (using shared IPs) can negatively impact deliverability. They advise warming up new IPs gradually, monitoring IP reputation using tools like Sender Score, and considering dedicated IPs for larger email volumes to maintain a positive reputation and avoid Office 365 spam filters.

January 2023 - Sendinblue Blog
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that the first place to look is at bounce and complaint rates, and any recent changes in those rates or open rates.

June 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks responds that if the emails never land in the primary inbox in Office 365, then Microsoft likely has a problem with the emails, and possibly other providers as well, but more data is needed to confirm.

May 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor explains that the design of your email can affect deliverability. Emails that are too image-heavy or lack sufficient text can be flagged as spam. They recommend using a balanced mix of images and text and ensuring that your email is mobile-friendly.

July 2024 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks advises getting more data from the providers, and suggests signing up sending IP(s) for Microsoft's SNDS and signing up domain(s) to Google's Postmaster Tools.

June 2021 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit shares that Office 365's spam filters are often aggressive. Even legitimate emails can be caught if they lack proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) or if the sender's domain is relatively new and lacks a strong reputation. Consistent sending practices and engagement are key.

July 2021 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Neil Patel's Blog explains that certain words and phrases can trigger spam filters. Using overly promotional language, ALL CAPS, excessive exclamation points, or misleading subject lines can increase the likelihood of emails being flagged as spam by Office 365.

August 2024 - Neil Patel's Blog

What the experts say
4Expert opinions

Emails are landing in Office 365 spam folders due to poor IP reputation, lack of proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), poor sender reputation (based on bounce rates, complaints, and engagement), and inadequate list hygiene. Maintaining a clean email list and ensuring a good IP and sender reputation are crucial for improving deliverability to the inbox.

Key opinions

  • IP Reputation: A negative IP address reputation due to past spam activity or being a new, unestablished IP can cause Office 365 to flag emails as spam.
  • Email Authentication: The absence or incorrect configuration of SPF, DKIM, and DMARC raises concerns about email authenticity, leading to potential spam filtering by Office 365.
  • Sender Reputation: Damaged sender reputation, resulting from high bounce rates or recipient spam complaints, negatively affects email deliverability in Office 365.
  • List Hygiene: Poor list hygiene, sending to inactive or invalid email addresses, significantly elevates bounce rates and harms sender reputation, contributing to spam classification.

Key considerations

  • Improve IP Reputation: Take measures to improve your IP address reputation, such as warming up new IPs properly and avoiding spam-like sending patterns.
  • Implement Authentication: Ensure that SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are correctly configured to authenticate your emails and verify your domain's legitimacy.
  • Monitor Sender Reputation: Continuously monitor your sender reputation metrics (bounce rates, complaints, engagement) and address any issues promptly.
  • Maintain List Hygiene: Regularly clean your email list to remove inactive or invalid addresses, minimizing bounce rates and enhancing sender reputation.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise shares the importance of list hygiene. Regularly cleaning your email list to remove inactive or invalid email addresses is essential for maintaining a good sender reputation and preventing your emails from landing in the spam folder. Sending emails to nonexistent or abandoned email addresses will increase your bounce rate, which can negatively impact your deliverability.

April 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource shares that the presence and correct configuration of email authentication protocols like SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are crucial. These protocols help verify that the emails are actually coming from the domain they claim to be, and a lack of them can raise red flags for Office 365.

August 2022 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource explains that your IP address reputation plays a significant role in whether your emails land in the inbox or the spam folder. If your IP has been used for spamming activities in the past, or if it's a new IP that hasn't built a good reputation yet, Office 365 may flag your emails as spam.

October 2024 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that sender reputation, based on factors like bounce rates, complaint rates, and engagement, is important. Office 365 will look at how recipients interact with your emails. If a high percentage of recipients mark your emails as spam or if you have a high bounce rate, this damages your sender reputation and increases the likelihood of your emails going to the spam folder.

November 2021 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
6Technical articles

Emails land in Office 365 spam folders due to various factors, including sender IP or domain being blocklisted, content triggering spam filters, past recipient actions, and lack of or incorrect SPF, DKIM and DMARC configurations. SPF validates authorized mail servers, DKIM adds a digital signature to verify email authenticity, and DMARC builds on SPF and DKIM to prevent spoofing and phishing attacks.

Key findings

  • Multiple Causes: Emails ending up in the Junk Email folder in Office 365 can be caused by a multitude of reasons.
  • Blocklists: The sender's IP address or domain being present on a blocklist is a significant factor in emails being classified as spam.
  • Spam Filtering: Content within the email that triggers spam filters is a contributing cause for emails ending up in the Junk Email folder.
  • Past Recipient Actions: If recipients have marked similar emails as junk in the past, it can influence future email classification.
  • SPF Importance: SPF records are essential for email authentication and verify authorized mail servers for your domain.
  • DKIM Importance: DKIM adds a digital signature to outgoing emails to verify authenticity and prevent tampering.
  • DMARC Importance: DMARC helps protect against spoofing, phishing, and other email-based attacks by building upon SPF and DKIM.

Key considerations

  • Check Sender Reputation: Regularly monitor and maintain a positive sender reputation to avoid being flagged as spam.
  • Ensure Email Authentication: Properly configure SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records to authenticate your emails and improve deliverability.
  • Provide Clear Unsubscribe Options: Make it easy for recipients to unsubscribe from your emails to reduce spam complaints.
  • Implement SPF: Implement SPF to validate outgoing email and authorize sending hosts, preventing spammers from forging sender addresses.
  • Implement DKIM: Implement DKIM to permit the signing of messages by an organization and enable recipients to verify the messages.
Technical article

Documentation from RFC-6376 specifies that the DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) defines a domain-level authentication framework for email. It permits signing of messages by an organization that controls the domain, which is then verified by message recipients. The signature travels with the email, allowing it to be verified at each hop along the mail path.

March 2023 - RFC-6376
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Learn explains that emails might end up in the Junk Email folder due to various reasons, including the sender's IP address or domain being on a blocklist, content triggering spam filters, or the recipient marking similar emails as junk in the past. They recommend checking sender reputation, ensuring proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), and providing clear unsubscribe options.

May 2021 - Microsoft Learn
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Learn explains that Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records are essential for email authentication. It verifies that mail servers are authorized to send emails on behalf of your domain. Incorrect or missing SPF records can lead to emails being flagged as spam by Office 365.

September 2021 - Microsoft Learn
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft Learn explains that DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) adds a digital signature to outgoing emails. This allows recipient mail servers to verify the email's authenticity and that it hasn't been tampered with during transit. Implementing DKIM enhances email security and helps prevent spoofing, improving deliverability to Office 365 inboxes.

January 2022 - Microsoft Learn
Technical article

Documentation from RFC-6376 explains that Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance (DMARC) is a technical specification created by a group of major email providers. It helps protect email senders and recipients from spoofing, phishing, and other email-based attacks. DMARC builds on the widely deployed Sender Policy Framework (SPF) and DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) mechanisms, adding a reporting function that allows senders and receivers to improve and monitor protection of the email channel.

February 2024 - RFC-6376
Technical article

Documentation from RFC-4408 specifies that the Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is a simple email-validation system designed to detect email spoofing by providing a mechanism to allow mail exchangers to check that incoming mail from a domain comes from a host authorized by that domain's administrators. The goal is to allow domains to authorize which hosts are allowed to send mail using their domain names, thus preventing spammers from forging the sender addresses.

January 2024 - RFC-4408