Why are identified spam campaigns low in Google Postmaster compared to spam complaints?

Summary

The discrepancy between identified spam campaigns and spam complaints in Google Postmaster Tools is a multifaceted issue. Technical factors include the inconsistent implementation and incorrect formatting of the Feedback-ID header, data processing delays within Google's systems, and evolving Gmail filtering algorithms that may catch spam before users can mark it. Additionally, not all spam complaints are directly linked to specific campaigns; users might flag emails based on overall sender reputation, annoying content, or difficulty unsubscribing. Experts emphasize the importance of a properly functioning Feedback Loop (FBL) setup in Postmaster Tools and the need for consistent identifier implementation. Marketers should focus on good list hygiene, clear subject lines, and easily accessible unsubscribe options, as well as actively monitor campaign statistics to promptly address any spikes in spam rates. Understanding that Postmaster Tools data may not be real-time and that different email providers have different spam reporting mechanisms is also crucial.

Key findings

  • Feedback-ID Issues: Inconsistent or incorrect Feedback-ID header implementation hinders accurate campaign identification.
  • Data Processing Delays: Google Postmaster Tools data might not reflect real-time spam rates due to processing lags.
  • Evolving Filters: Gmail's constantly evolving spam filters can intercept emails before user interaction, affecting complaint numbers.
  • Complaint Attribution: Not all spam complaints are directly attributable to specific campaigns; some are based on broader factors.
  • User Factors: User behavior, such as difficulty unsubscribing or annoyance, influences spam complaints.
  • Reporting Mechanisms: Different email providers have different methods for reporting spam, impacting overall data aggregation.

Key considerations

  • Feedback-ID Consistency: Ensure consistent and correct implementation of the Feedback-ID header in all campaigns.
  • Monitor Statistics: Actively monitor campaign statistics and sender reputation to identify and address spam-related issues promptly.
  • List Hygiene: Practice good list hygiene, including proper segmentation and targeting, to reduce user complaints.
  • Clear Communication: Use clear subject lines and provide easily accessible unsubscribe options to improve user experience.
  • Feedback Loop Setup: Verify that the Google Postmaster Tools Feedback Loop (FBL) is correctly configured and functioning properly.
  • Data Interpretation: Recognize that Postmaster Tools data may not be real-time and should be interpreted with potential delays in mind.

What email marketers say
13Marketer opinions

The discrepancy between identified spam campaigns and overall spam complaints in Google Postmaster Tools arises from various factors. Data population delays, inconsistent Feedback-ID implementation, and evolving Gmail filtering algorithms contribute to the issue. Additionally, not all spam complaints are attributable to specific campaigns; some are based on sender reputation or content. User behavior, such as marking emails as spam due to annoyance or difficulty finding the unsubscribe link, also plays a role. Monitoring campaign statistics and practicing good email hygiene, including proper targeting and clear subject lines, are essential for improving accuracy and deliverability.

Key opinions

  • Data Delays: Google Postmaster Tools data might not reflect real-time information due to processing delays.
  • Feedback-ID: Inconsistent or missing Feedback-ID headers lead to misattribution of spam complaints.
  • Filtering: Evolving Gmail filtering algorithms can intercept spam before user interaction, reducing reported complaints.
  • User Behavior: Users mark emails as spam for reasons beyond campaign content, such as sender reputation or annoyance.
  • Attribution Issues: Not all spam complaints can be directly tied to specific campaigns due to generic spam flagging.

Key considerations

  • Monitor Statistics: Actively monitor campaign statistics for unusual trends and high spam rates.
  • List Hygiene: Practice good list hygiene and segmentation to improve targeting and reduce user complaints.
  • Clear Content: Ensure emails have clear subject lines and easily accessible unsubscribe options.
  • Feedback Loop: Ensure Google Postmaster Tools Feedback Loop (FBL) setup is fully functional.
  • Evolving Algorithms: Stay up to date with changes in spam filtering algorithms.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit suggests that spam filtering algorithms could be improving in identifying and filtering spam before it even reaches the user's inbox. If the email is filtered before the user sees it, then the email cannot be marked as spam.

August 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendGrid suggests that one reason is you should monitor campaign statistics as quickly as possible as it allows you to take immediate action and stop sending if the spam rate climbs too quickly.

July 2023 - SendGrid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Word to the Wise points out that the differences between spam complaints and identified campaigns might stem from varied spam reporting mechanisms. Not every user complaint is processed and attributed back to a campaign in the same way. Different email providers have different systems, affecting the data aggregation in Google Postmaster Tools.

October 2023 - Word to the Wise
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks states that GPT doesn't share information about emails landing in the spam folder automatically and you need to use other signals to make an assumption, but mailbox providers don't typically share what happens to mail after it's been delivered.

December 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from MailPoet explains that a high spam rate can indicate issues with targeting or email content. They suggest analyzing the content for potentially spammy words or phrases and ensuring that the email list is properly segmented and targeted to the right audience to reduce user complaints.

April 2023 - MailPoet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Stack Overflow suggests that the discrepancy between spam complaints and identified spam campaigns in Google Postmaster Tools might be due to the fact that not all spam complaints are directly attributable to a specific campaign. Some users may mark emails as spam based on the sender's reputation or overall content, rather than a specific campaign identifier. This can lead to lower numbers of identified campaigns.

March 2024 - Stack Overflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass suggests that Gmail's spam filters are constantly evolving, leading to variations in spam detection and user reporting. They recommend staying updated with Gmail's best practices and regularly monitoring sender reputation to ensure emails are delivered successfully.

August 2022 - Gmass
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet points out that the lower reporting of campaign-identified spam might be attributed to multiple factors such as poor list hygiene, misleading subject lines, and inconsistent sending practices, leading to a higher rate of 'This is Spam' clicks by recipients.

July 2021 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that their feedback loops in Google Postmaster are finally populating and asks if others are noticing a low number of identified campaigns marked as spam compared to the spam complaints, assuming Google is still in the process of generating data.

January 2025 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks mentions they get times more identifiers in v2 compared to v1.

November 2022 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailonAcid suggests that campaign identifiers are only one piece of the puzzle and may not reflect all reasons why users mark messages as spam. Often reasons that cause people to mark as spam are annoyance, fatigue or simply not finding the unsubscribe button.

October 2024 - EmailonAcid
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks explains they use Iterable, which automatically populates the Feedback-ID in the header, and that some email marketing platforms may have the option to customize this.

May 2021 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks shares that in Google Postmaster, the Identifiers Flagged correlates with the campaignId/templateId for their Iterable project and that the data in GPT is not fully populated, as it looks like it may still be populating on their end.

October 2022 - Email Geeks

What the experts say
2Expert opinions

Experts indicate that discrepancies between identified spam campaigns and spam complaints in Google Postmaster Tools are due to several reasons. These include: the categorization and filtering processes used by Gmail, the accuracy of identifying campaigns through email headers, the timing of data aggregation, and the proper functioning and setup of the Google Postmaster Tools Feedback Loop (FBL). Confirming the correct Feedback-ID setup is essential for reliable data.

Key opinions

  • Gmail Categorization: Gmail's categorization and filtering processes impact the accuracy of spam identification.
  • Header Accuracy: The accuracy of campaign identification through headers affects the reliability of data.
  • Data Timing: The timing of data aggregation influences the consistency of spam reporting.
  • Feedback Loop: Issues with the Feedback Loop (FBL) setup can lead to misattribution of spam complaints.

Key considerations

  • Data Monitoring: Continuously monitor data in Google Postmaster Tools for discrepancies.
  • Setup: Ensure that the Google Postmaster Tools Feedback Loop (FBL) is properly configured and functioning.
  • Accurate Identifiers: Confirm that campaign identifiers (Feedback-ID) are correctly implemented across all emails.
Expert view

Expert from Spam Resource shares to ensure your Google Postmaster Tools Feedback Loop (FBL) setup is fully functional and accurately associating complaints with the relevant campaigns. Confirming proper identifier setup is essential for reliable data.

May 2023 - Spam Resource
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that data discrepancies within Google Postmaster Tools can arise from various factors, including how Gmail categorizes and filters emails, the accuracy of campaign identification through headers, and the timing of data aggregation.

November 2023 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says
3Technical articles

Google Postmaster Tools documentation and RFC specifications indicate that discrepancies between identified spam campaigns and spam complaints stem from inconsistencies in the implementation of the Feedback-ID header, which Gmail uses to link messages to campaigns. Missing, incorrectly formatted, or inconsistently applied Feedback-ID headers can lead to misattribution and lower reported numbers. Additionally, spam rate calculations in Google Postmaster Tools might not reflect real-time data and are subject to processing delays and variations.

Key findings

  • Feedback-ID Consistency: Inconsistent implementation of the Feedback-ID header leads to misattribution of spam complaints.
  • Data Delays: Spam rate calculations in Google Postmaster Tools may not reflect real-time data.
  • Header Formatting: Incorrectly formatted Feedback-ID headers can result in lower identified spam campaign numbers.

Key considerations

  • Implement Feedback-ID: Ensure consistent and correct implementation of the Feedback-ID header across all email campaigns.
  • Account for Delays: Be aware that the data displayed in Google Postmaster Tools may be delayed and not fully reflective of current spam rates.
  • Adhere to RFC: Adhere to the technical requirements outlined in the RFC specifications for the Feedback-ID header.
Technical article

Documentation from RFC-Editor outlines technical requirements for the Feedback-ID header, used by Gmail to associate messages with campaigns. Inconsistent or incorrect use of this header can result in misattribution, leading to lower identified spam campaigns.

October 2022 - RFC-Editor
Technical article

Documentation from Google Postmaster Tools Help indicates that the spam rate calculation may not reflect real-time data. It also clarifies that the data displayed can be delayed and subject to processing variations, which might account for the differences between observed complaints and campaign-identified spam.

September 2022 - Google Postmaster Tools Help
Technical article

Documentation from Google Postmaster Tools Help states that discrepancies may arise if the Feedback-ID header (used to identify campaigns) is not consistently implemented across all emails. Missing or incorrectly formatted identifiers can result in lower reported numbers.

June 2022 - Google Postmaster Tools Help