Why are fully authenticated emails marked as 'Unverified Sender' in Outlook/Hotmail?

Summary

Even with proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), Outlook/Hotmail may mark emails as 'Unverified Sender' due to several factors that go beyond mere authentication protocols. These include sender reputation, content triggering spam filters, potential issues with Microsoft's systems, or even the possibility of a recently deployed and potentially broken feature by Microsoft. Maintaining a clean email list, properly warming up IPs/domains, avoiding spam trigger words, continuously testing email configurations, and monitoring sending patterns are all vital. Furthermore, transient DNS issues, user complaints, and other complex factors considered by Microsoft’s algorithms can also play a role.

Key findings

  • Authentication Incompleteness: Passing SPF, DKIM, and DMARC does not guarantee emails won't be marked as 'Unverified'.
  • Reputation Importance: Low sender reputation, especially for new IPs/domains, can trigger the 'Unverified Sender' flag.
  • Content Impact: Email content that resembles spam can lead to emails being marked as 'Unverified'.
  • Microsoft-Specific Factors: Temporary glitches or newly deployed but problematic features by Microsoft can cause these issues.
  • Holistic Assessment: Microsoft's algorithms consider various signals beyond authentication, including user complaints and sending patterns.

Key considerations

  • Monitor Reputation: Regularly check sender reputation to identify and address issues promptly, using tools like Google Postmaster Tools.
  • Warm-Up Strategy: Implement a proper warm-up strategy for new IPs and domains, gradually increasing email volume to build a positive reputation.
  • List Hygiene: Maintain a clean and engaged email list to improve sender reputation and minimize spam complaints.
  • Thorough Testing: Test emails using various tools to identify and fix potential deliverability problems before sending them to subscribers.
  • Content Optimization: Optimize email content to avoid spam trigger words and ensure relevance to subscribers.
  • Policy Implementation: Implement a DMARC policy in DNS records to specify how receivers should handle unauthenticated messages.
  • Transient Issues: Be aware that transient issues, like DNS propagation delays or temporary glitches on Microsoft’s side, can also contribute.
  • Microsoft Feature Rollout: If a new Microsoft feature is suspected, consider waiting to see if issues are resolved on Microsoft's end before investing significant troubleshooting efforts.

What email marketers say
9Marketer opinions

Even with proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), Outlook/Hotmail may mark emails as 'Unverified Sender' due to several factors. These include: issues with sender reputation (especially for new IPs/domains), content triggering spam filters, temporary Microsoft issues, or even just an indicator to the user that the email is deemed to be suspicious. Maintaining a clean email list, warming up IPs correctly, avoiding spam trigger words, and continuous testing are crucial for avoiding this issue.

Key opinions

  • Authentication isn't everything: Passing SPF, DKIM, and DMARC does not guarantee emails won't be marked as 'Unverified'.
  • Sender reputation matters: Low sender reputation, especially for new IPs/domains, can trigger the 'Unverified Sender' flag.
  • Content can be a factor: Email content that resembles spam can lead to emails being marked as 'Unverified'.
  • Microsoft's issues: Issues in Microsoft's systems might cause the behaviour.

Key considerations

  • Monitor your reputation: Regularly check sender reputation to catch and address issues promptly.
  • Warm-up IP/domain: Implement a proper warm-up strategy for new IPs and domains to build reputation gradually.
  • Clean your lists: Maintain a clean and engaged email list to improve sender reputation.
  • Test thoroughly: Test emails using various tools to identify and fix potential deliverability problems before sending.
  • Content: Clean your content to not appear as Spam
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailToolTester shares that to avoid spam filters, including those that might cause an email to be marked as 'Unverified Sender', you should ensure your sender reputation is high. Also you should clean your email list, avoid spam trigger words, ensure your content is relevant, and also you should test your email before sending it to large lists.

January 2025 - EmailToolTester
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit suggests that Outlook often marks emails as 'Unverified Sender' because of issues with the sender's domain reputation or because the email content triggers spam filters, even if authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is properly configured.

October 2024 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from GlockApps recommends thoroughly testing your emails before sending them to your subscribers. Use email testing tools to check your sender score, authentication setup, and placement in various inboxes (including spam folders). Testing helps identify and fix potential deliverability issues before they impact your sending reputation.

January 2023 - GlockApps
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit explains that new IPs or domains often face deliverability challenges, including being marked as 'Unverified Sender', until they establish a positive reputation with Microsoft. Warming up the IP and domain gradually by sending low volumes of high-quality emails is crucial.

September 2023 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from AuthSMTP shares that sender reputation is a score assigned to sending IP addresses and domains, based on their email sending behavior. Factors that influence sender reputation include email volume, complaint rates, spam trap hits, and authentication practices. Maintaining a positive sender reputation is critical for ensuring high email deliverability and avoiding being marked as 'Unverified Sender'.

January 2023 - AuthSMTP
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow explains that DKIM provides a method for verifying the authenticity of an email message through cryptographic signatures. To ensure proper setup, you need to generate a DKIM key pair, publish the public key in your DNS records, and configure your mail server to sign outgoing emails with the private key. Incomplete or improperly configured DKIM can result in authentication failures.

July 2021 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet shares that the ‘Unverified Sender’ warning in Outlook/Hotmail is an indicator that the email may be suspicious. The warning appears when Outlook cannot verify the identity of the sender, this can happen for various reasons, including issues with email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) or the sender's reputation. It is always best practice to properly authenticate your emails and maintain a good sender reputation to avoid such warnings.

September 2023 - Mailjet
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks confirms that authenticated emails are being marked as 'Unverified sender' and going to junk despite passing SPF, DKIM, and DMARC checks. He suspects something is broken at Microsoft.

June 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from SendGrid explains that warming up a new IP address is essential for establishing a positive sending reputation with mailbox providers. Start by sending low volumes of email to engaged subscribers, gradually increasing the volume over time. Monitor your delivery rates and engagement metrics closely to adjust your sending schedule as needed.

March 2022 - SendGrid

What the experts say
3Expert opinions

Even with proper authentication (SPF, DKIM), Microsoft may mark emails as 'Unverified' due to factors such as a broken Microsoft feature, content reputation, sending patterns, user complaints, or general list hygiene. In essence, Microsoft's algorithms factor in a range of signals and even a few negative ones could cause this problem.

Key opinions

  • Microsoft Feature Issue: The 'Unverified Sender' mark may be due to a newly deployed and broken Microsoft feature.
  • Beyond Authentication: Microsoft considers factors beyond authentication, such as content reputation, sending patterns, and user complaints.
  • Poor List Hygiene: Microsoft is now using unverified domain icons, even when SPF and DKIM is setup correctly. This can be resolved by list hygiene to improve sender reputation with real people.

Key considerations

  • Wait and See: If a new Microsoft feature is suspected, wait a week or so for them to fix it before intensive troubleshooting.
  • Monitor Signals: Monitor content reputation, sending patterns, and user complaints to identify negative signals.
  • Improve List Hygiene: Improve list hygiene to improve sender reputation.
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains that Microsoft may mark authenticated emails as 'Unverified' due to factors beyond authentication, such as content reputation, sending patterns, or user complaints. Microsoft's algorithms consider numerous signals, and even a small number of negative signals can impact deliverability and verification status.

September 2021 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise explains Microsoft is now using unverified domain icons even when SPF and DKIM is setup correctly. She suggests that your best defence to this is list hygiene to improve sender reputation with real people.

May 2021 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests that the issue with authenticated emails being marked as 'Unverified sender' in Outlook/Hotmail may be due to a recently deployed and potentially broken Microsoft feature. She suggests waiting a week or so for Microsoft to fix it before investing significant time in troubleshooting.

March 2022 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
6Technical articles

Even with proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), Outlook/Hotmail may mark emails as 'Unverified Sender' because of several factors. The 'Unverified Sender' mark is designed to alert users to potentially suspicious messages, and other factors can trigger the warning. Ensuring that SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records are correctly configured, you should also ensure your sending domain and IPs are not blacklisted. Implement DMARC correctly involves publishing a DMARC policy in your DNS records that specifies how receivers should treat unauthenticated messages. Maintain a clean sending infrastructure and monitor your domain and IP reputation using tools like Google Postmaster Tools.

Key findings

  • Suspicious Messages: The 'Unverified Sender' mark in Outlook is designed to alert users to potentially suspicious messages.
  • Not Just Authentication: Even with proper authentication, other factors can trigger the 'Unverified Sender' warning.
  • Importance of SPF: Invalid or incorrect SPF records will almost certainly cause deliverability issues.
  • Importance of DMARC: Implementing DMARC correctly helps prevent email spoofing and phishing attacks.
  • Importance of reputation: Ensure your sending domain and IPs are not blacklisted and you are monitoring your domain and IP reputation.

Key considerations

  • Check Authentication Records: Ensure that SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records are correctly configured and valid.
  • Monitor Reputation: Monitor your domain and IP reputation using tools like Google Postmaster Tools.
  • Implement DMARC Policy: Publish a DMARC policy in your DNS records to specify how receivers should treat unauthenticated messages.
  • Maintain Clean Infrastructure: Maintain a clean sending infrastructure for positive deliverability.
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft indicates that emails can be marked as unverified due to missing or invalid SPF, DKIM, or DMARC records. They recommend ensuring that these records are correctly configured and that the sending domain has a good reputation. Transient issues with DNS propagation or temporary glitches on Microsoft's side could also contribute.

September 2022 - Microsoft Support
Technical article

Documentation from RFC describes how to properly configure SPF records to ensure that sending mail servers are authorized to send email on behalf of your domain. Having an invalid or incorrect SPF record will almost certainly cause deliverability issues.

June 2023 - RFC-Editor
Technical article

Documentation from DMARC.org suggests DMARC builds upon SPF and DKIM to provide instructions to email receivers on how to handle messages that fail authentication checks. Implementing DMARC correctly involves publishing a DMARC policy in your DNS records that specifies how receivers should treat unauthenticated messages (e.g., reject, quarantine, or none). Correct DMARC implementation helps prevent email spoofing and phishing attacks.

June 2022 - DMARC.org
Technical article

Documentation from Google Workspace shares that to improve email deliverability and prevent being marked as 'Unverified Sender', you should ensure your sending domain and IPs are not blacklisted. Monitor your domain and IP reputation using tools like Google Postmaster Tools, and promptly address any issues identified. Maintaining a clean sending infrastructure is essential for positive deliverability.

October 2023 - Google Workspace
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost highlights the importance of using strong email authentication (SPF, DKIM, and DMARC) to protect your sending domain from spoofing and phishing attacks. Implementing these standards correctly signals to mailbox providers that your emails are legitimate and should be delivered to the inbox.

July 2023 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft explains that the 'Unverified Sender' mark in Outlook is designed to alert users to potentially suspicious messages. The system checks various signals, including authentication records, sender reputation, and content characteristics, to determine whether a sender is verified. Even with proper authentication, other factors can trigger the warning.

November 2023 - Microsoft Learn