What are the best practices for sending a one-time email to a large list of inactive users?

Summary

Sending a one-time email to a large list of inactive users is a complex undertaking with considerable risks. Experts generally advise against it, suggesting alternative communication methods like in-app notifications or sunsetting accounts per the AUP. If email is necessary, involve legal, technical, and business teams to address compliance and data ownership. Essential practices include segmenting the list, warming up the IP, cleaning the list, using SPF/DKIM/DMARC, including a List-Unsubscribe header, monitoring sender reputation, throttling sending speed, personalizing content, and A/B testing. Third-party services may be an option for mandatory notifications. Ultimately, careful planning and execution are crucial to minimize harm to sender reputation and deliverability.

Key findings

  • Risk Mitigation: Sending to inactive users poses significant risks to sender reputation and deliverability.
  • Alternative Channels: Explore alternative communication channels before resorting to email.
  • Legal Compliance: Ensure legal compliance regarding data possession and notification requirements.
  • Technical Setup: Proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is essential.
  • Hygiene & Sunset: List cleaning and implementing a sunset policy are critical for list maintenance.
  • Reputation Monitoring: Monitoring sender and domain reputation helps identify deliverability issues.

Key considerations

  • Segmentation: Segment the inactive list for tailored re-engagement efforts.
  • Warming Up: Gradually warm up the IP address to establish a positive sender reputation.
  • Content: Create compelling and personalized content to increase engagement.
  • Third-Party: Consider using a third-party service for legally mandated notifications.
  • AUP Review: Review and update your AUP to address inactive accounts and data retention.

What email marketers say
11Marketer opinions

Sending a one-time email to a large list of inactive users requires careful planning to avoid deliverability issues and maximize re-engagement. Key strategies include segmenting the list to isolate inactive users, warming up your IP address by gradually increasing sending volume, and cleaning the list to remove invalid addresses. Creating compelling and personalized content, A/B testing subject lines and email content, and previewing the email across different clients are crucial for improving engagement. Throttling sending speed, implementing easy unsubscribe processes, and considering using a third-party service for mandatory notifications can further protect your sender reputation and ensure compliance.

Key opinions

  • Segmentation: Segmenting inactive users allows for tailored re-engagement strategies or removal from active lists.
  • IP Warmup: Warming up the IP address is essential when sending to large lists to establish a positive sender reputation.
  • Content: Creating compelling and personalized content is vital for re-engaging inactive users.
  • List Cleaning: Prioritizing cleaning the email list reduces bounce rates and protects sender reputation.
  • Throttling: Throttling sending speed prevents being flagged as a spammer.
  • A/B Testing: A/B testing optimizes re-engagement efforts and improves response rates.
  • Previewing: Previewing emails ensures correct rendering across various clients and devices.
  • Unsubscribe: Make unsubscribing easy to avoid spam complaints.

Key considerations

  • Third-party service: Consider a third-party service for mandatory notifications to manage sending and compliance.
  • Legal Classification: Determine if the email qualifies as a mandatory notification based on legal requirements.
  • Personalization: Personalize emails based on subscriber past actions.
  • Signup Forms: Use reCAPTCHA on signup forms to prevent fake/invalid emails.
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackOverflow explains to prioritize cleaning your email list before sending any emails. Removing invalid or non-existent email addresses will significantly reduce bounce rates and protect your sender reputation.

May 2021 - StackOverflow
Marketer view

Email marketer from Mailjet Blog explains that segmenting your list to isolate inactive users is crucial. By identifying those who haven't engaged in a while, you can tailor your one-time email to re-engage them or remove them from your active list to improve deliverability.

October 2022 - Mailjet Blog
Marketer view

Marketer from Email Geeks suggests that if the email is classified as a mandatory notification by legal, you might be able to get budget for a third-party specialised service to do the send for you. And to inform your ESP prior to sending, and they may be able to give you another IP address.

July 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Campaign Monitor shares to make unsubscribing easy. Respect unsubscribe requests immediately. Don't make people jump through hoops to get off your list.

December 2021 - Campaign Monitor
Marketer view

Email marketer from ZeroBounce shares to use reCAPTCHA on signup forms to prevent bots from adding fake or invalid email addresses to your list, improving overall list quality and deliverability.

July 2023 - ZeroBounce
Marketer view

Email marketer from Sendinblue Blog shares that when sending to a large list, warming up your IP address is essential. This involves gradually increasing the volume of emails you send over a period to establish a positive sender reputation with ISPs.

July 2021 - Sendinblue Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Gmass shares that throttling your sending speed, especially when sending to a large list of inactive users, is crucial to avoid being flagged as a spammer. Gradually increase sending volume over time.

October 2021 - GMass
Marketer view

Email marketer from EmailOctopus explains to A/B test different subject lines and email content to determine what resonates best with your inactive users. This can help optimize your re-engagement efforts and improve response rates.

November 2021 - EmailOctopus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus shares that before sending, preview your email across various email clients and devices to ensure it renders correctly and provides a consistent experience for all recipients.

June 2023 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from HubSpot Blog explains that creating compelling content is vital for re-engaging inactive users. The email should offer value, such as exclusive deals, useful information, or a reminder of the benefits they receive from your service, to entice them to become active again.

March 2024 - HubSpot Blog
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit (r/emailmarketing) shares a strategy of dividing the inactive list into smaller segments and personalizing content for each segment based on past behavior to improve engagement.

December 2022 - Reddit (r/emailmarketing)

What the experts say
14Expert opinions

Sending a one-time email to a large list of inactive users carries significant risks to your sender reputation and deliverability. Experts strongly advise exploring alternative communication methods, such as in-app notifications. If email is unavoidable, involve legal and technical teams to ensure compliance and consider the justification for possessing inactive user data. Cleaning the email list, implementing a sunset policy, and monitoring sender reputation are crucial. Gradual volume increases, personalization, and testing are beneficial. Sending to inactive users should be approached cautiously, if at all, due to the high potential for negative impact.

Key opinions

  • Damage Risk: Sending emails to unengaged users can severely damage regular mail streams.
  • Alternative Methods: Consider alternative communication methods before resorting to email.
  • Legal Review: Involve legal teams to justify possessing PII for inactive users.
  • Sunset Policy: Implement a sunset policy to automatically suppress or unsubscribe inactive users.
  • List Hygiene: Maintaining strict list hygiene is critical for mitigating deliverability risks.
  • Domain Reputation: Checking your sending domain reputation helps avoid blocklists.

Key considerations

  • ESP Approval: Legitimate ESPs are unlikely to allow sending to lists with dubious permission.
  • Customer Status: Inactive users who aren't logging in may no longer be considered customers.
  • Volume Threshold: Control email volume to not hurt email deliverability.
  • Sunset AUP: Implement a sunset period in AUP for cleaning lists
  • Sender Reputation: Review your sender reputation.
Expert view

Expert from SpamResource emphasizes maintaining strict email list hygiene, including regular cleaning and suppression of invalid addresses, to mitigate deliverability risks when sending to inactive users. They explain invalid emails are a major reason for bounces and spam complaints.

September 2021 - SpamResource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks says that she doesn’t know of any legitimate ESP that will let you come up with a list of stale addresses that you have dubious permission to mail and let you send one message because there is too much risk to their infrastructure and it could lead to suspension for spamming.

October 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise shares that you should know your sending domain's reputation. You can use tools like Google Postmaster Tools to check metrics about your domain.

June 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise shares to check your IP address against common blocklists *before* sending email. A clean IP address is crucial to high deliverability.

October 2023 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests to choose a drop-dead date in the future, put it in your AUP, advertise it publicly, and wait two years before shutting down the accounts.

September 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests asking the legal team for their justification for possessing and using PII for users with whom there’s no ongoing business relationship, and also to get the responsibility shifted away from you.

August 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests notifying inactive users the next time they log in, and to treat emails to recover those users as marketing emails.

July 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that sending a blast email to a large audience of unengaged users can severely damage your regular mail streams and suggests avoiding it if possible and notifying users through the app instead. He recommends reading <https://www.m3aawg.org/sites/default/files/m3aawgsendingmandatedemailsbp.pdf>.

November 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks advises against sending the email and recommends brainstorming alternative ways to fulfill the business need with business, legal, and engineering teams.

April 2022 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from SpamResource recommends implementing a 'sunset policy' where inactive subscribers are automatically suppressed or unsubscribed from the list after a certain period. This prevents sending to users who are unlikely to engage and reduces the risk of spam complaints.

February 2022 - SpamResource
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests shutting down idle accounts without notification if your AUP allows it. If not, sending a huge email blast won’t change that because delivery is going to be poor.

July 2024 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that if you’re doing 10 million a day of high-value email, you’re probably ok with 5-10% of dormant emails. If you’re doing 10,000 a day of medium-value email, maybe 1-2%.

November 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests that if people are not logging in to your platform, they are not your customers. If they later log in, they become customers again, and viewing the message can be a requirement to log in.

October 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that court-mandated means a Judge has ruled you must send a notification, and failure to do so results in contempt of court. It's not something you can opt into; it's something you try to avoid.

April 2023 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
3Technical articles

When sending a one-time email to a large list of inactive users, it's crucial to follow email authentication best practices and monitor your sender reputation. Implementing SPF, DKIM, and DMARC helps verify your identity and reduce the likelihood of being marked as spam. Including a List-Unsubscribe header provides recipients with an easy way to opt-out, reducing spam complaints and improving your reputation. Monitoring tools like Sender Score and Microsoft's SNDS can help identify and address deliverability issues before sending.

Key findings

  • Authentication: SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are essential for authenticating your email and improving deliverability.
  • List-Unsubscribe: A List-Unsubscribe header reduces spam complaints and improves sender reputation.
  • Monitoring: Regularly monitor your sender reputation to identify and address deliverability issues.

Key considerations

  • Bulk Sender Guidelines: Adhere to Gmail's bulk sender guidelines to avoid deliverability problems.
  • Spam Complaint Rate: Maintain a low spam complaint rate to protect your sender reputation.
  • Proactive Identification: Proactively identify and address deliverability issues before sending to a large list.
Technical article

Documentation from Gmail Help emphasizes adhering to Gmail's bulk sender guidelines. This includes setting up authentication methods like SPF, DKIM, and DMARC, as well as ensuring a low spam complaint rate to avoid deliverability issues.

July 2023 - Gmail Help
Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft discusses monitoring your sender reputation through tools like Sender Score and Microsoft's SNDS to identify and address any issues that could impact deliverability before sending to a large list of inactive users.

June 2022 - Microsoft
Technical article

Documentation from RFC 2369 explains implementing a List-Unsubscribe header in your email is a best practice. It provides recipients with an easy way to opt-out of future emails, reducing the likelihood of spam complaints and improving your sender reputation.

May 2021 - RFC 2369