Should my dedicated sending domain be able to receive emails?

Summary

The overwhelming consensus from experts, marketers, and documentation suggests that a dedicated sending domain should generally NOT be set up to receive emails. The primary purpose of a dedicated sending domain is to build and protect sending reputation by isolating it from the main domain, facilitating bounce management, and enabling email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC). In most cases, dedicated sending domains are configured to only send emails. Attempting to receive emails on these domains can lead to deliverability issues or conflicts with how ESPs handle bounce processing. The main domain should be used for receiving emails, and a clear separation between sending and receiving domains is highly recommended.

Key findings

  • Sending vs. Receiving: Dedicated sending domains are primarily for sending; the main domain should handle inbound emails.
  • Reputation Isolation: Using a separate sending domain isolates reputation and protects the main domain.
  • Bounce Management: ESPs often use the dedicated sending subdomain for bounce tracking and management.
  • CNAME and MX Records: Dedicated sending domains are often configured with CNAME records, preventing them from receiving emails. They typically lack MX records.
  • Authentication: Dedicated sending domains are essential for email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC).
  • From Address: From addresses should never use a domain that cannot receive emails.

Key considerations

  • MX Record Setup: Ensure MX records are correctly configured for the receiving domain, and avoid configuring them for the sending domain to prevent unexpected behavior.
  • Deliverability Impact: Consider the potential impact on deliverability if the dedicated sending domain attempts to receive emails.
  • Feedback Loops: Setting up feedback loops with ESPs is crucial for deliverability, and requires the ability to receive email; the receiving address will be on your main domain.
  • Authentication Best Practices: Implement proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) for the sending domain.
  • ESP Specifications: Always follow the specifications of your ESP on how they use Sending domains.

What email marketers say
8Marketer opinions

The prevailing guidance suggests that dedicated sending domains generally should *not* be configured to receive emails. This stems from the practice of using these domains primarily for sending and bounce tracking, often employing configurations like CNAME records that preclude email reception. While technically feasible, receiving emails on a dedicated sending domain is often deemed unnecessary or even detrimental to deliverability. Instead, using a separate, more general domain for receiving emails is the recommended approach.

Key opinions

  • Typical Configuration: Dedicated sending domains are typically configured *only* to send email, not receive it. This is often achieved using CNAME records.
  • Bounce Tracking: ESPs frequently use dedicated sending subdomains for bounce tracking. Inbound emails are directed to their bounce processors.
  • Reputation Isolation: Subdomains isolate sending reputation from the main corporate domain, safeguarding the main domain from potential sending issues. Reputable platforms have a similar set up.
  • Reply Handling: Replies are normally directed to the main company domain and not the sending subdomain.
  • DMARC Requirements: Setting up DMARC can be simpler when the sending and receiving domains are separate. DMARC does not require a domain to receive emails in order to validate.

Key considerations

  • Deliverability Impact: Consider the potential impact on deliverability if the dedicated sending domain attempts to receive emails. There might be conflict when using this with DMARC.
  • MX Record Setup: Ensure MX records are correctly configured for the *receiving* domain, and avoid configuring them for the sending domain to prevent unexpected behavior.
  • Feedback Loops: For optimal feedback loop management (with ESPs), you should have a receiving address on your domain.
  • Business Requirements: Assess whether there is a genuine business need for the dedicated sending domain to receive emails. This is usually not needed.
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks guesses that the ESP uses the subdomain for the 5321.From / bounce tracking, so inbound goes to their bounce processor.

September 2024 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from Litmus explains that using a subdomain is a way to protect your primary domain’s reputation. The article focuses on sending and does not mention any MX records that are required to receive email.

September 2022 - Litmus
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks shares their experience with Braze, where From addresses can't receive replies because during DNS record creation they can only set up the subdomains to send email, but not receive them.

September 2023 - Email Geeks
Marketer view

Email marketer from StackExchange suggests that for dedicated sending domains, it's more common to configure them specifically for sending and tracking bounces. Receiving emails on the sending domain isn't usually a priority.

September 2022 - StackExchange
Marketer view

Email marketer from Quora shares that dedicated sending domains are typically used to isolate sending reputation and are not configured to receive inbound emails. Instead, use a separate, more general domain for receiving emails.

February 2024 - Quora
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid explains that a subdomain is often used for email campaigns. The subdomain isolates sending reputation from the main domain. It's not generally used to receive email so that replies go to the main company domain.

December 2024 - Email on Acid
Marketer view

Email marketer from Reddit advises that while it's technically possible to set up a dedicated sending domain to receive emails, it's generally not recommended. It's better to keep sending and receiving separate to avoid potential deliverability issues.

September 2022 - Reddit
Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks clarifies that CNAME records setup MX records so that they can create a bounce address/return path and receive and process them.

March 2023 - Email Geeks

What the experts say
5Expert opinions

Experts generally advise against using a dedicated sending domain to receive emails. Best practice is to ensure the 'From:' address does not use a domain that can't receive mail. The dedicated sending domain is often used for authentication and bounce management, and using it to receive email is either unnecessary or creates deliverability issues. Setting up feedback loops with ESPs requires the ability to receive email, which is a key consideration in this decision.

Key opinions

  • From: Address: Never use a 'From:' address with a domain that cannot receive mail.
  • Bounce Management: Dedicated sending domains are often used by ESPs for bounce management.
  • CNAME Configuration: In platforms like Klaviyo, sending domains are often configured with CNAME records, preventing them from receiving email.
  • Authentication Strength: The 'From:' and 'Reply-To:' domains are less critical for identity than the authentication domain.

Key considerations

  • Feedback Loops: Setting up feedback loops with ESPs is crucial for deliverability, and requires a domain that *can* receive email.
  • Bounce Handling: Configure a bounce management system if using a dedicated sending domain.
  • Support Ticketing: Route bounces to a support ticketing system when using a non-receiving sending domain.
  • ESP Specifications: Follow the specifications of your ESPs on how they use Sending domains.
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks mentions that in Klaviyo, the “sending domain” is used as the domain in the authenticated fields and they’re CNAMED, which is why they can’t receive email.

December 2023 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks states it is imperative that if the hello@send.brand.com can’t accept email then you Absolutely Should Not use it in the From: address and never send mail with a 5322.from a domain that cannot receive mail.

July 2021 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that the from: / reply-to: domains are not as strong an identity as the domains in the authentication string, suggesting not to worry too much about clear separation.

January 2025 - Email Geeks
Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise answers a question on their forum by explaining the importance of setting up a feedback loop with ESPs, and that this can be a critical step when setting up a dedicated sending domain. To action, you need to be able to receive email, meaning if your sending domain cannot receive email, you will not be able to take advantage of Feedback Loops.

February 2022 - Word to the Wise
Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks suggests that the subdomain is being used as the 821.From, so it delivers to the bounce manager, recommending to use hello@brand.com as the 822.From and feed that address into the support ticketing system.

March 2021 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says
4Technical articles

Email service provider documentation (SparkPost, Mailjet, SendGrid) suggests that dedicated sending domains are typically *not* configured to receive emails. They are primarily used for sending, building sending reputation, and authentication (as implied by DMARC.org). The main domain is generally used for receiving emails, as MX records are usually not set up for dedicated sending domains.

Key findings

  • Sending Focus: Dedicated sending domains/IPs are primarily for *sending* email.
  • Reputation Building: A key purpose is to build and isolate sending reputation.
  • MX Record Absence: Dedicated sending domains typically lack MX records.
  • Main Domain for Receiving: Your main domain should handle inbound emails.
  • Authentication: A separate sending domain is created for authentication purposes.

Key considerations

  • Reputation Isolation: Using a separate sending domain provides reputation isolation.
  • MX Record Management: Carefully manage MX records to ensure email deliverability.
  • Inbound Email Handling: Ensure your main domain can effectively handle inbound emails.
  • Authentication Standards: Implement appropriate email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) for the sending domain.
Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that dedicated IP addresses are not required to receive email. They are primarily used for sending email and building a positive sending reputation. You would typically use your main domain for receiving emails.

March 2022 - SparkPost
Technical article

Documentation from DMARC.org explains about setting up DMARC policies. It implies that a separate sending domain is created for authentication purposes, suggesting it doesn't need to receive emails for DMARC to function correctly.

April 2021 - DMARC.org
Technical article

Documentation from SendGrid mentions that dedicated IPs are used to build a good sending reputation. While not directly answering if it should receive emails, it implies the focus is on outbound sending rather than inbound receiving.

October 2021 - SendGrid
Technical article

Documentation from Mailjet shares that dedicated sending domains are typically configured to only send emails and are not set up to receive inbound emails. The MX records, which are essential for receiving emails, are usually not configured for dedicated sending domains.

October 2023 - Mailjet